| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
OKADA Hiroshi Osaka City University, Faculty of Science, Professor, 大学院・理学研究科, 教授 (40089892)
IMAICHI Ryoko Japan Women's University, Faculty of Science, Professor, 理学部, 教授 (60112752)
NAGAMASU Hidetoshi Kyoto University, University Museum, Associate Professor, 総合博物館, 助教授 (90218024)
IKEDA Hiroshi Okayama University of Science, Dept.Biosphere-Geosphere System Science, Associate Professor, 総合情報学部, 助教授 (30299177)
YOKOYAMA Jun Tohoku University, Faculty of Life Science, Assistant Professor, 大学院・生命科学研究科, 助手 (80272011)
荒木 崇 京都大学, 大学院・理学研究科, 助教授 (00273433)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥14,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥14,600,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,900,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥5,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,100,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥5,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,600,000)
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| Research Abstract |
We have carried out field studies in 8 islands such as Miyajima (Itsukushima), Kinkazan, Kashima, Yakushima, Tanegashma, Kuchinoerabujima, Ishigakijima, and Yonagunijima in Japan, and in five foreign islands such as Java, Bali, Borneo (Sabah and central kalimantan), Taiwan, and Cheju. We focused on morphological adaptation to environments, in particular, dwarfism, in these islands (reviewed in Tsukaya,2003). Analyses on materials and data obtained from these fields revealed many aspects of speciation and adaptation of plants in these islands. Conceming to Mitchella undulata, Spiranthes sinensis, and Plantago major, molecular phylogeny studies revealed that dwarf types known for these taxa have not yet differentiated into the rank of variety (Yokoyama et al., 2003;Tsukaya, 2005;Ishikawa et al.,submitted). Moreover, we revealed that leaves of dwarf type of Mitchrella undulata has the same histology with standard type, irrespective of the extreme smallness, showing that the dwarfism is de
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pendent on decreased cell numbers. Relationship between ploidy level and distyly in Damnacanthus is also found in populations collected around Ryukyu Islands.
Moreover, we found introgression between Callicarpa japonica and C.mollis in most localities in Japan (Tsukaya et al.,2003) and intraspecific variation in ploidy levels of Cayratia japonica in Japan (Okada et al.,2003). We also descrived karyotypes of species of Cayratia distributed in East-Southeashern Asian countries (Okada and Tsukaya,2003;Okada et al.,submitted). On the other hand, in Sabah, Borneo, anatomy revealed that variegated leaves of Schismatoglottis calyptrata found in Borneo has unique structure in the palisade layer (Tsukaya et al.,2004). In Java, molecular analysis on lmpatiens species found in Mt.Pangorango, central Java, revealed gene flow between two distinct species (Tsukaya,2004). In addition to the above results, from studies in Taiwan, we found that myconhizal fungi inhabited in Monotropastrum humile var. glaberrhima deffered from that in M.hurnile var. hurnile, suggesting the two varieties would not be conspecific (Yokoyama et al.,2005). Further molecular analysis and comparative anatomy supported the idea (Tsukaya et al.,submitted). New species were also described for lcacinaceae, Nothapodytes amamianus (Nagamasu and Kato,2004) and Barsaminaceae, Impatiens kinabaluensis (Akiyama et al.,in press) from this research.
In the course of the above studies, we optimized method for collection of DNA samples of wild plants in field research, by adopting FTA Cards (Tsukaya,2003). Based our results obtained from this method (Tsukaya 2004), we proposed this method as the most suitable one for general collection of genomic DNA from wild plants in the field (Tsukaya et al.,2005;Tsukaya, in press). Less
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