| Project/Area Number |
14540598
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
植物生理
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| Research Institution | Kyoto Prefectural University |
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Principal Investigator |
SHIINA Takashi Kyoto Prefectural University, aculty of Human environment, Professor (10206039)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
YAMASHITA Hirofumi Kyoto Prefectural University, Assistant Professor (50264750)
TSUNOYAMA Yiichi Kyoto University, RI research center, Assistant Professor (90314260)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2002 – 2004
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2004)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥2,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000)
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| Keywords | PEP / NEP / transcription / sigma factor / promoter / RNA polvmeraze / chloroplast / Arabidopsis / SIG1 / SIG5 / SIBI / 葉緑体形質転換 / 大量発現 / タバコ / RNAポリメラーゼ / 光 / 転写因子 / 転写制御 / プロモータ |
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| Research Abstract |
Plastids are known to have originated from prokaryotic photosynthetic cyanobacteria. Consequently plastids are semi-autonomous and contain their own genetic system. In higher plants, plastids contain a small prokaryotic-type genome which encodes _120 genes. Higher plant plastids contain two types of RNA polymerases, eubacterial-type PEP (plastid-encoded plastid RNA polymerase) and phage-type NEP (nuclearencoded plastid RNA polymerase). In order to recognize promoters, PEP requires an exchangeable subunit, sigma factor. In bacteria, a variety of sigma factors specifically recognize different promoter sequences. Higher plants also encode multiple sigma factor genes. Chloroplast sigma factors are key regulators of the chloroplast gene expression and chloroplast differentiation. This research revealed the roles of plastid sigma factors in chloroplast differentiation and environmental responses. Firstly, we have revealed that SIG6 is an early general sigma factor in plastids that plays a key role in chloroplast development at an early stage of seedling development. Furthermore, we demonstrated that SIG5 acts as a special sigma factor in chloroplasts that selectively recognizes the psbD LRP in response to various environmental stresses.
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