• Search Research Projects
  • Search Researchers
  • How to Use
  1. Back to previous page

Structure and developing mechanism of micro-scale phenomena associated with cumulonimbus clouds

Research Project

Project/Area Number 15340154
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Meteorology/Physical oceanography/Hydrology
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

NIINO Hiroshi  The University of Tokyo, Ocean Research Institute, Professor, 海洋研究所, 教授 (90272525)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) IGA Keita  The University of Tokyo, Ocean Research Institute, Associate Professor, 海洋研究所, 助教授 (60292059)
NAKAMURA Kozo  Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Frontier Research Center for Global Change, Researcher, 地球環境フロンティア研究センター, サブリーダー(研究職) (20143547)
SUZUKI Osamu  Meteorological Research Institute, Meteorological Satellite and Observation System Department, Head of the second Research Laboratory, 気象衛星・観測システム研究部・第四研究室, 室長(研究職) (30354517)
石部 勝  気象研究所, 気象衛星・観測システム研究部, 研究官
Project Period (FY) 2003 – 2005
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2005)
Budget Amount *help
¥16,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥16,300,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥5,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,100,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥4,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,800,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥6,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,400,000)
Keywordscumulonimbus clouds / tornado / micorburst / downburst / supercell / mesocyclone / laboratory vortex / numerical simulation / ドップラーレーダー / シビアストーム / 環境パラメータ / 対流有効位置エネルギー
Research Abstract

A supercell storm and an associated major tornado were successfully reproduced in a semi-compressible non-hydrostatic meso-scale numerical model having a calculation domain of 66.4km × 66.4km × 15.1km, horizontal mesh size of 70m and 45 vertical levels. The storm was initiated by imposing a thermal bubble in a horizontally uniform environment that was adopted from the upper-air sounding on 20 May 1977 near Del City, Oklahoma in the United States. After 50 min from its initiation, a meso-low is formed at 2km above the ground level (AGL) as a result of the interaction between the storm updraft and the vertical shear of the horizontal flow. The upward pressure gradient accelerates the updraft below 2km AGL and produces a mesocyclone at 1.2km AGL by 60 min through tilting of horizontal vorticity and subsequent stretching. The rotation field lowers the pressure near the mesocyclone center, which further accelerates the updraft to reach 40m/s near 1km AGL. On the other hand, a gust front where rain-cooled air flowing out from a precipitating region and a warm moist environmental inflow meet is formed near the ground. The gust front is accompanied by vertical vorticity due to horizontal shear. When the strong updraft in the low-level mesocyclone comes right above the gust front, the vertical vorticity is stretched to form a tornado. A supercell tornado therefore is found to develop qualitatively in the similar way to a landspout which often develops along a meso-scale front where both convergence and horizontal shear are strong.

Report

(4 results)
  • 2005 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 2004 Annual Research Report
  • 2003 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (24 results)

All 2006 2005 2004 2003 Other

All Journal Article (20 results) Book (2 results) Publications (2 results)

  • [Journal Article] Flow regimes of non-linear heat island circulation2006

    • Author(s)
      Niino, H., A.Mori, T.Satomura, S.Akiba
    • Journal Title

      Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 63

      Pages: 1538-1547

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2005 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] An improved Mellor-Yamada level-3 model : Its numerical stability and application to a regional prediction of advection fog.2006

    • Author(s)
      Nakanishi, M., H. Niino
    • Journal Title

      Boundary-Layer Meteorology (in press)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2005 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] An improved Mellor-Yamada Level-3 model : Its numerical stability and application to a regional prediction of advection fog2006

    • Author(s)
      Nakanishi, M., H.Niino
    • Journal Title

      Boundary-Layer Meteorology (in press)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2005 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Flow regimes of non-linear heat island circulation2006

    • Author(s)
      Niino, H., A.Mori, T.Satomura, S.Akiba
    • Journal Title

      Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences (in press)

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] An improved Mellor-Yamada level-3 model : Its numerical stability and application to a regional prediction of advection fog.2006

    • Author(s)
      Nakanishi, M., H.Niino
    • Journal Title

      Boundary-Layer Meteorology (in press)

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Genesis and structure of a major tornado in a numerically-simulated supercell storm : Importance of vertical vorticity in a gust2005

    • Author(s)
      Noda, A, H. Niino
    • Journal Title

      SOLA 1

      Pages: 5-8

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2005 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Climatology of environmental parameters for mesoscale convections in Japan2005

    • Author(s)
      Chuda, T, H, Niino
    • Journal Title

      Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan 83

      Pages: 391-408

    • NAID

      110001817407

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2005 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Evolution of a typhoon-like subtropical low causing severe weather over the Kanto area on 13 October 20032005

    • Author(s)
      Ogura, Y., H.Niino, R.Kumabe, S.Nishimura
    • Journal Title

      Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan 83

      Pages: 531-550

    • NAID

      110001829779

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report 2005 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] 梅雨前線上のメソα低気圧の特徴2005

    • Author(s)
      田上浩孝, 新野 宏, 柳瀬 亘, 加藤輝之
    • Journal Title

      天気 52

      Pages: 767-770

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report 2005 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Genesis and structure of a major tornado in a numerically-simulated supercell storm : Importance of vertical vorticity in a gust2005

    • Author(s)
      Noda, A., H.Niino
    • Journal Title

      SOLA 1

      Pages: 5-8

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2005 Final Research Report Summary 2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Climatology of environmental parameters for mesoscale convections in Japan2005

    • Author(s)
      Chuda, T, H.Niino
    • Journal Title

      Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan 83

      Pages: 391-408

    • NAID

      110001817407

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2005 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Characteristics of Meso-alpha-scale low on the Baiu front2005

    • Author(s)
      Tagami, H., H.Niino, W.Yanase, T.Kato
    • Journal Title

      Tenki (in Japanese) 52

      Pages: 767-770

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2005 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Climatology of mesoscale environmental parameters in Japan2005

    • Author(s)
      Chuda, T., H.Niino
    • Journal Title

      Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan 83

      Pages: 391-408

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Climatology of environmental parameters for mesoscale convections in Japan.2005

    • Author(s)
      Chuda, T, H.Niino
    • Journal Title

      Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan (Accepted)

    • NAID

      110001817407

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 竜巻-そのメカニズムに迫る2004

    • Author(s)
      新野 宏
    • Journal Title

      パリティ 19・1

      Pages: 68-70

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2005 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Modeling Study of a Microburst-Producing Storm on 8 September 1994 in Saitama Prefecture2004

    • Author(s)
      Guo, Xueliang, Hiroshi Niino, Ryuji Kimura
    • Journal Title

      月刊海洋 号外No.38

      Pages: 162-167

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2005 Final Research Report Summary 2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Clarifying its developing mechanism2004

    • Author(s)
      Niino, Hiroshi, Tornado
    • Journal Title

      Parity (in Japanese) 19, No.1

      Pages: 68-70

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2005 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Modeling Study of a Microburst-Producing Storm on 8 September 1994 in Saitama Prefecture2004

    • Author(s)
      Guo, Xueliang, Hiroshi Niino, Ryuji Kimura
    • Journal Title

      Kaiyo Monthly, Extra Vol.38

      Pages: 162-167

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2005 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Critical grid size for simulating convective storms : A case study of the Del City supercell storm2003

    • Author(s)
      Noda, A, H. Niino
    • Journal Title

      Geophysical Research Letters 30・16

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2005 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Critical grid size for simulating convective storms : A case study of the Del City supercell storm2003

    • Author(s)
      Noda, A., H.Niino
    • Journal Title

      Geophysical Research Letters 30

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2005 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Book] 気象ハンドブック第3版 第11.1章気象の実験2005

    • Author(s)
      新野 宏
    • Publisher
      朝倉書店
    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report 2005 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Book] Experiments in meteorology. Section 11.1, Meteorological Handbook, The third edition. (in Japanese)2005

    • Author(s)
      Niino, Hiroshi.
    • Publisher
      Asakura Publ. Co. Ltd.
    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2005 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Noda, A., H.Niino: "Critical grid size for simulating convective storms : A case study of the Del City supercell storm"Geophysical Research Letters. 30・16. doi:10.1029/2003GL017498 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 新野 宏: "竜巻-そのメカニズムに迫る"パリティ. 19・1. 68-70 (2004)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2003-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

Information User Guide FAQ News Terms of Use Attribution of KAKENHI

Powered by NII kakenhi