| Project/Area Number |
15360508
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Nuclear engineering
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| Research Institution | Japan Atomic Energy Agency |
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Principal Investigator |
OHNUKI Toshihiko Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Advanced Science Research Center, Principal Research Scientist, 先端基礎研究センター, 研究主幹 (20354904)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
OZAKI Takuo JAEA, ASRC, Scintist, 先端基礎研究センター, 研究職 (50322673)
SAKAMOTO Fuminori JAEA, ASRC, Scintist, 先端基礎研究センター, 研究職 (60391273)
NANKAWA Takuya JAEA, ASRC, PosDc., 先端基礎研究センター, 博士研究員 (30370448)
吉田 崇宏 特殊法人日本原子力研究所, 先端基礎研究センター, 博士研究員 (90360429)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2003 – 2005
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2005)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥13,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,800,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥2,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,700,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥2,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,700,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥8,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,400,000)
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| Keywords | Actinides / Microorganism / Sulfate reducing bacteria / Reduction / Chemical states change / DFO / Adsorption / Pu / 電子授受 / マイクロチップ / XANES / 酸化還元 / Ce / 酸化数 |
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| Research Abstract |
We have been conducting basic sciences on microbial actinides interaction in order to elucidate the environmental behavior of actinides under relevant conditions.
Reduction of Pu(IV) to Pu(III) by sulfate reducing bacteria was studied in the presence of citric acids. We found that some fraction of Pu(IV) was reduced to Pu(III). The effect of AQDS, which was an alternative of humic substances, on the reduction of Pu(IV) was very low. These results indicated that Pu(IV) is reduced to Pu(III) by microbial activity in the geological formation.
Effect of desferrioxamine B (DFO) on the sorption of Pu(IV), Th(IV) and Eu(III) (analog for Am(III)) on Pseudomonas fluorescens was studied. In the presence of DFO the sorption of Pu(IV), Th(IV) and Eu(III) on the cells increased with a decrease in pH from 7 to 4. Adsorption of DFO on the cells was negligible in the solution with and without metals. Adsorption of Pu(IV), Th(IV) and Eu(III) on P.fluorescens cells decreased in the order Eu(III) > Th(IV) > Pu(IV), which corresponds to increasing stability constant of the DFO complexes. These results indicate that Th(IV), Pu(IV) and Eu(III) dissociate when in contact with cells, after which the metals are adsorbed.
Mechanism of U(VI) mineralization by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was examined by batch experiment at pH 3.2. FESEM-EDS, TEM, and visible diffuse reflectance spectrometry revealed the formation of H-autunite, HUO_2PO_4・4H_2O on the yeast cells. Apparently, the sorbed U(VI) on the cell surfaces reacts with P released from the yeast to form H-autunite by local saturation. These findings indicate that the yeast's cell surfaces, rather than the bulk solution, offer the specific conditions for this geochemical process.
These findings suggest that bacterial adsorption and mineralization affect environmental behavior of actinides.
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