| Budget Amount *help |
¥17,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,960,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥4,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,140,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥5,460,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,260,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥6,760,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,560,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
A rapid morphological and ecological divergence was documented in the fossil records ofland snails in the Pleistocene and Holocene deposits on the Ogasawara Islands. However, such rapid divergence is not found in the fossil snail sequences in the Ryukyu Islands (e.g. Kikai Island). Molecular phylogenetic analyses and ecological surveys showed consistent relationships among morphology, ecology and phylogeny were found in Ogasawara, Ryukyu, and mainland lineages, but rapid ecological and species divergence are limited to the snails of Ogasawara. These patterns are consistent with those detected in the fossil records. Divergence of habitat use promoted by competitive interaction appears to be a major process of speciation and radiation on oceanic islands, while speciation on mainland occurs by adaptation against predation as well as geographic isolation.
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