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Canadian Raising: Evidence for or against Rule Ordering

Research Project

Project/Area Number 15H06796
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field English linguistics
Research InstitutionFukuoka University

Principal Investigator

Liu Sha  福岡大学, 言語教育研究センター, 講師 (60758746)

Project Period (FY) 2015-08-28 – 2017-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2016)
Budget Amount *help
¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥390,000 (Direct Cost: ¥300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥90,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥390,000 (Direct Cost: ¥300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥90,000)
Keywordsrule ordering / Canadian Raising / variation / variable rule / chi-square test / rule ordeing / frequency / extra-linguistic factor / 音声学
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Phonologists have been entangled in the argument over the tenability of rule ordering for several decades. Canadian Raising (CR) is perhaps a language phenomenon that is most frequently involved with rule ordering discussions. In the present study, I adopt the concept of variation and variable rules and propose to treat CR as variation and explain it in terms of variable rules. I assume that CR, in addition to phonological environments, is as well influenced by many other extra-linguistic factors, such as age, class, education background, style, etc. With such a theoretical background, the application of rules for CR is not either 0 or 1; namely, those rules are not categorical. The same term applies to rule ordering as well. I use chi-square test to examine the correlation between extra-linguistic factors, CR data and rule orderig relation. The test result appears to claim that CR is a piece of evidence for rule ordering and the validity of rule ordering is accordingly strengthened.

Report

(3 results)
  • 2016 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2015 Annual Research Report

Research Products

(9 results)

All 2017 2016

All Journal Article Presentation

  • [Journal Article] Canadian Raising: Evidence for or against Rule Ordering2017

    • Author(s)
      Sha Liu
    • Journal Title

      JELS 34

      Volume: 1 Pages: 257-263

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Stress clashes in derived words: Avoid them or not?2016

    • Author(s)
      Sha Liu
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of PAC 2016: English Melodies

      Volume: 1 Pages: 15-16

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Stress preservation in English derived words: What Celex lexical database 2 can tell us2016

    • Author(s)
      Sha Liu
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of 2016 Seoul International Conference on Phonology

      Volume: 1 Pages: 25-26

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Canadian Raising: By use of variable rules2016

    • Author(s)
      LIU Sha
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Education and Social Sciences 2016

      Volume: 1 Pages: 642-643

    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Presentation] Stress Preservation in English derived words: What Celex lexical database 2 can tell us2016

    • Author(s)
      Sha Liu
    • Organizer
      2016 Seoul International Conference on Phonology
    • Place of Presentation
      Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
    • Year and Date
      2016-12-16
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Stress clashes in derived words: Avoid them or not?2016

    • Author(s)
      Sha Liu
    • Organizer
      PAC 2016: English Melodies
    • Place of Presentation
      Laboratoire Parole et Language, Aix-en-Provence, France
    • Year and Date
      2016-09-29
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Canadian Raising: Evidence for or against Rule Ordering2016

    • Author(s)
      Sha Liu
    • Organizer
      The English Linguistic Society of Japan (ELSJ) 9th International Spring Forum 2016
    • Place of Presentation
      Kobe City University of Foreign Studies,Kobe, Japan
    • Year and Date
      2016-04-23
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Canadian Raising: Evidence for or against Rule Ordering2016

    • Author(s)
      LIU Sha
    • Organizer
      ELSJ 9th International Spring Forum 2016
    • Place of Presentation
      Kobe City University of Foreign Studies
    • Year and Date
      2016-04-23
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Canadian Raising: By use of variable rules2016

    • Author(s)
      LIU Sha
    • Organizer
      The 3rd International Conference on Education and Social Sciences
    • Place of Presentation
      Peninsula Excelsior Hotel, Singapore
    • Year and Date
      2016-02-19
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research

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Published: 2015-08-26   Modified: 2018-03-22  

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