A comparison of white matter alterations in adults with autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

• Project/Area Number: 15K09843
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Psychiatric science
• Research Institution: Showa University
• Principal Investigator: Ohta Haruhisa 昭和大学, 大学共同利用機関等の部局等, 講師 (00439366)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 橋本 龍一郎 首都大学東京, 人文科学研究科, 准教授 (00585838) ; 金井 智恵子 和洋女子大学, 人文学部, 准教授 (00611089) ; 山田 浩樹 昭和大学, 医学部, 准教授 (20384498)
• Project Period (FY): 2015-04-01 – 2019-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000); Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000); Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000); Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
• Keywords: ASD / ADHD / 感覚過敏 / 白質繊維 / DTI / Sensory / 自閉スペクトラム症 / 注意欠如多動症 / 拡散テンソル画像 / 自閉スペクトラム障害 / 注意欠如多動性障害 / 拡散強調画像 / 自閉症スペクトラム障害

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have high rates of co-occurrence. Atypical sensory profiles are seen in both disorders and are reported to underlie the development of atypical social function.The present DTI study enrolled a large sample of adult developmental disorder (DD) populations and typically developed (TD) participants.Categorical analyses identified voxel clusters showing significant effects of DD on fractional anisotropy (FA) and radial diffusivity (RD) in the corpus callosum. Regression analyses revealed that the slopes in relationships of FA or RD to the degree of sensory problems were parallel between the two DD groups.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

発達障害は脳機能の障害とされているが、ASDと ADHDのの中核的な症状は異なる。しかしながら、ASDと ADHDの存率は高いことが報告されている。また両障害に共通して感覚過敏が認められる。本研究ではASDとADHDの脳基盤には共通点が多く、感覚過敏と関わる脳部位も共通していることを明らかにした。

Research Products

• [Presentation] The white matter microstructure of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (2017)
  • Author(s): Haruhisa Ohta, Takashi Itahashi, Chieko Kanai, Eriko Okada, Junya Fujino, Motoaki Nakamura, Sawanobori Yohsuke, Hiroki Yamada, Akira Iwanami, Nobumasa Kato, Ryuichiro Hashimoto.
  • Organizer: World Psychiatric Association
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 自閉症スペクトラム障害と注意欠如多動性障害における脳基盤 (2016)
  • Author(s): 澤登洋輔 太田晴久 森田哲平 佐賀信之 徳益卓宏 新井豪佑 伊津野拓司 中村元昭 丹治和世 板橋貴史 岡田理恵子 金井智恵子 岩波明 加藤進昌 橋本龍一郎
  • Organizer: 日本精神神経学会
  • Place of Presentation: 東京幕張
  • Year and Date: 2016-06-02
• [Presentation] The neural substrate of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (2015)
  • Author(s): Haruhisa Ohta, Takashi Itahashi, Chieko Kanai, Eriko Okada, Motoaki Nakamura, Kazuyo Tanji, Hiroki Yamada, Akira Iwanami, Nobumasa Kato, Ryuichiro Hashimoto
  • Organizer: Society for neuroscience
  • Place of Presentation: Chicago
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-21
  • Int'l Joint Research