| Project/Area Number |
16208017
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
林産科学・木質工学
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| Research Institution | Kyoto University |
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Principal Investigator |
YOSHIMURA Tsuyoshi Kyoto University, Research Institute Sustainable Humanosobere, Associate Professor (40230809)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
WATANABE Takashi Kyoto Univarsity, Research Institote for Sustainable Humanosphere, Professor (80201200)
HONDA Yoichi Kyoto Univarsity, Research Institote for Sustainable Humanosphere, Associate Professor (70252517)
FUJII Yoshihisa Kyoin University, Graduate School of Agriculture, Associate Professor (10173402)
DOI Shuichi University of Tsukuba, Graduath Sdlool of life and Environmental Sciences, Professor (20279508)
AOYAGI Hideki University of Tsukuba, Graduath Sdlool of life and Environmental Sciences, Associate Professor (00251025)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2007
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2007)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥46,930,000 (Direct Cost: ¥36,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥10,830,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥6,110,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,410,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥13,910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,210,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥5,850,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,350,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥21,060,000 (Direct Cost: ¥16,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,860,000)
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| Keywords | Preservative-treated timber / Bio-processing / Wood deteriorating organisms / Termites / Wood-decaving fungi / Hydrogen / Ethanol fermentation / Intestinal micro-flora |
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| Research Abstract |
1. Bio-processing of preservative-treated timbers Various wood-decaying fungi, molds and staining fungi were evaluated for their bioremediation activities against preservative-treated timbers. Recovery rates of metals from the treated timbers strongly varied with fungal species. Non-biological agents, chitin and chitosan were also found to be effective heavy-metal scavengers
2. Effective production of biogases with termites Effective methods for regulating intestinal micro-fauna and/or -flora were developed by food selection and the antibiotics treatments. In the case of Coptotermes formosanus, the maximum 112 emission rate of 17.5 nmol/termite/h, which is equal to 10L/one million population colony/day, was obtained when fed on antibiotics-treated cellulose. In addition, xylan was effectively fermented by the suspension of the intestinal micro-flora of Nasutitermes takasagoensis, emitting 100 times higher H2 than in intact termites.
3. Biogases from termites and fungi as tools for detection Various gas sensors were evaluated for their applicability as tools for detection of biological deterioration. The hydrogen sensor was found to be an effective tool to detect termite activities in the monitoring station used for the bait system. Some decay fungi were also observed to emit considerable amount of CO as a metabolic gas, which might be used as an indicator of decay.
4. The effective bioconversion of wood and wood-based materials by microorganisms Molecular breeding of the white rot fungus, Pleurotus ostreatus, by homologous exression of its versatile peroxidase MnP2 was conduced, and the genetically modified strain successfully degraded the polymeric dye PolyR-478 and benzopyrene. The pretreatment of Cryptomeria japonica by white rot fungi followed by the yeast fermentation resulted in the stable ethanol production
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