| Project/Area Number |
16256002
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 海外学術 |
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| Research Field |
Virology
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| Research Institution | NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES |
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Principal Investigator |
TAKEBE Yutaka NIID, AIDS RESEARCH CENTER, CHIEF, エイズ研究センター, 室長 (50126116)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
KUSAGAWA Shigeru NIID, AIDS RESEARCH CENTER, SENIOR RESEARCHER, エイズ研究センター, 主任研究者 (10267990)
SHIINO Teiichiro NIID, AIDS RESEARCH CENTER, SENIOR RESEARCHER, エイズ研究センター, 主任研究者 (90291129)
SHIODA Tatsuo OSAKA UNIV., PROFESSOR, 医学部微生物病研究所・免疫・生体防御研究部, 教授 (00187329)
OKA Shinichi INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL CENTER OF JAPAN, DIRECTOR, エイズ治療・研究開発センター, 部長 (20194326)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2006
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2006)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥43,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥33,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥9,960,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥13,780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,180,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥13,780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,180,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥15,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,600,000)
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| Keywords | ASIA / HIV / MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY / SUBTYPE / CRF / RECOMBINATION / DISEASE / GENETIC FACTORS |
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| Research Abstract |
(1)Molecular epidemiology of HIV in Asia :
We investigated the molecular epidemiology of HIV in several study sites in Asia to elucidate the interrelationships of the epidemics with those of surrounding regions and of different risk populations. In China, we found the close Interrelationships of the epidemics between IDU/former plasma donor (FPD) and heterosexuals. In particular, HIV-1 subtype B, the strain responsible for the tragic outbreaks In central China, is found to predominate among heterosexuals. This urges the urgent need for implementation of effective measures to prevention the Infections into general population in China.
HIV-1 nomenclature system is becoming very complicated as the time goes by. A major HIV-1 strain, HIV-1 group M, responsible for the current pandemic is classified at least 11 subtypes and subsubtypes and 34 circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) so far. We identified the 33rd CRF (CRF33_01B) among IDU and heterosexuals in Malaysia. This is the first CRF reported from a research group in Japan that was officially approved by international HIV sequence databases.
(2)Investigation of virus and host factors influencing the disease progression to AIDS :
The rate of disease progression to AIDS is influenced greatly by several factors : most Importantly viral and host factors. We for the first time identified the case of CRF01_AE infection with gross deletions in nef-LTR regions among a long-term nonprogressor in Asia. This is the first case of nef-LTR deletion found among nonsubtype B strains, associated with slower disease progression. For the host factors, Dr.Shioda and his colleagues confirmed the significant protective effect of IL4-589T and RANTES-28G on HV disease progression in their study conducted in Thailand.
These findings could provide the information critical for understanding the genesis of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Asia and for the future vaccine strategies to prevent HIV spread in Asia.
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