| Project/Area Number |
16380020
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Horticulture/Landscape architecture
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| Research Institution | University of Tsukuba |
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Principal Investigator |
SUGAYA Sumiko University of Tsukuba, GRADUATE SCHOLL OF LIFE AND ENVIRONMENT, Assistant Professor (90302372)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
GEMMA Hidroshi University of Tsukuba, GRADUATE School OF LIFE AND ENVIRONMENT, PROFESSOR (70094406)
MATSUKURA Chiaki University of Tsukuba, GRADUATE School OF LIFE AND ENVIRONMENT, Assistant Professor (60361309)
YOSHIHIKO Sekozawa University of Tsukuba, GRADUATE School OF LIFE AND ENVIRONMENT, Assistant (90361310)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2006
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2006)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥14,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥14,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥1,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥9,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,900,000)
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| Keywords | FRUIT / ABSCISJC ACID / ANTHOCYANIN / TEMPERATURE / アントシアニン / 果実着色 / ブドウ / トマト / アブシジン酸 / 遺伝子発現 / 転流 / 着色 |
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| Research Abstract |
Effects of temperature and phytohormones on fruit growth and anthocyanin synthesis were investigated using grapes, apples and tomatoes. The results indicated that low night temperature inhibited anthocyanin accumulation and inhibit expression of genes involved in anthocyanin synthesis in grapes. ABA induced these gene expressions even under high night temperature, F3^$5^$H gene expression, which is involved in coloration of grapes, was inhibited by high temperature, too. From the result of this experiment, it was revealed that low night temperature and ABA play important roles on accumulation of anthocyanin. The research using ^<13>C labeled CO_2 revealed that translocation of photosynthate into berries is enhanced by low night temperature in grapes. Translocation from leaves to other organs was changed by ABA. These results suggest that ABA and low night temperature affect on anthocyanin accumulation through different way.
To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the phenomenon in which salinity stress enhances sugar accumulation in tomatoes, carbohydrate influx and starch biosynthesis were investigated. Salinity treatment promoted starch accumulation in early developing stages whereas soluble increased in ripening. Tracer analysis with ^<13>C revealed that carbohydrate influx into the fruit elevated under Salinity sugars stress, and it no longer occurred after ripening. Enzymatic activity of ADP glucose pyroghosphorylase, which catalyzes the first key step for starch biosynthesis, increased in fruit during early developing stages under the salinity stress. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed (I) Agp Sl and agpLl genes were up-regulated by salinity stress in developing fruit, (ii) AgpLl was specifically regulated by ABA, sugar and osmotic stress at transcriptional level.
From the results of these studies, it was clarifies that temperature and ABA play important roles for fruit growth and maturation in gene expression level.
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