| Project/Area Number |
16380042
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Applied entomology
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| Research Institution | Tottori University |
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Principal Investigator |
AZUMA Masaaki Tottori Univ., Fac.Agric., Associate Prof., 農学部, 助教授 (20175871)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
OKUDA Takashi Nat.Inst.Agrobio.Sci., Team Leader, 動物生命科学研究所, 主任研究官 (60414893)
TSUMUKI Hisaaki Okayama Univ., Res.Inst. Bioresources, Professor, 資源生物科学研究所, 教授 (60033255)
SHIOMI Kunihiro Shinshu Univ., Fac.Textile Sci., Assistant Prof., 線維学部, 助手 (70324241)
森 肇 国立大学法人, 京都工芸繊維大学・繊維学部, 教授 (80201812)
竹田 真木生 国立大学法人神戸大学, 大学院・自然科学研究科, 教授 (20171647)
森嶋 伊佐夫 国立大学法人鳥取大学, 農学部, 教授 (30032296)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2006
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2006)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥12,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥4,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,100,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥4,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥4,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,300,000)
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| Keywords | Aquaporin / proton pump / V-ATPase / hindgut / midgut / Malpighian tubules / cryptobiosis / diapause |
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| Research Abstract |
Water conservation is critical for terrestrial insects. It is important to learn how insects live and what makes them so successful in colonizing nearly every corner of Earth except the open sea. The water is indispensable in all living organisms, and the water is moving efficiently and selectively via a channel for water, which is nowadays called as an "aquaporin". We have studied the molecular and cellular mechanism of aquaporin (water channel) in insect systems.
In the lepidopteran insects, the silkworm Bombyx mori, we have cloned several putative aquaporins. The most major type was localized in the hindgut (colon and rectum), where the aquaporin distributed at the apical surface of epithelia. This explains that the active water-recycling system is working for the lepidopteran larvae (solid/plant feeder), excreting quite solid feces. This type actually transports the water in the Xenopus oocyte protein expression system. The midgut and the Malpighian tubules possesses other type of aquaporin at the apical cell surface. Since the mRNA expression of aquaporin in midgut is rather lower than that in hindgut, the midgut seems to be less permeable for water than the hindgut.
Another insect, an anhydrobiotic chironomid (Polypedilum vanderplanki), we have found two different aquaporins ; one is up-regulated and the other is down-regulated by drought. Taken together, insects do not have so much types of aquaporins compared to aquaporins in human (13 types), but there seems to have several aquaporins which distribute and function in the respective tissue and organ.
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