| Project/Area Number |
16390176
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Hygiene
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| Research Institution | University of Occupational and Environmental Health |
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Principal Investigator |
TANAKA Isamu University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, Professor, 産業生態科学研究所, 教授 (00038035)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
MORIMOTO Yasuo University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, Professor, 産業生態科学研究所, 教授 (30258628)
OGAMI Akira University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, Associate Professor, 産業生態科学研究所, 助教授 (40301692)
OYABU Takako University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, Research Associate, 産業生態科学研究所, 助手 (20320369)
大和 浩 産業医科大学, 産業生態科学研究所, 助教授 (90248592)
長友 寛子 産業医科大学, 産業生態科学研究所, 助手 (10369077)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2006
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2006)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥13,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,700,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥2,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥6,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥5,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,200,000)
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| Keywords | Hazard assessment / Biopersistence / Inhalation toxity / Intratracheal instillation / Respirable dust / Fiber toxity / In vitro test / In vivo test / 難溶解性浮遊物質 / 吸入性流子 / 気管内注入試験 / 肺繊維化 / 吸入曝露試験 / 肺ガン / 吸入性粒子 / 肺線維化 / 吸入曝露実験 |
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| Research Abstract |
Approximately 50,000 kinds of chemical substances are used by Japanese industry while more than several hundreds are developed anew every year to meet the demands of diversification. Chemical substances contribute to industrial development and the realization of an affluent lifestyle and thus they have become indispensable to modern society. However, many such substances are harmful and may be adverse to health, depending on the way they are handled, and therefore they need to be adequately managed.
To control these risks, it is necessary to perform risk assessment by comprehending the degree of hazard and the amount of exposure. Mutagenicity tests or carcinogenicity tests are legally required for evaluating the potential hazards of chemical substances on human health, but they are no valid testing methods for durable particulate matters.
Among durable particulate matters, some, as typified by asbestos and crystalline silica, induce pneumoconiosis, lung cancer or mesothelioma twenty to t
… More
hirty years after the exposure. As this raises the possibility that some of the newly developed substances are similarly harmful, establishment of a hazard prediction/evaluation system for durable particulate matters is required. To achieve this goal, five-step tests have been systematically conducted, namely : physical and chemical, in vitro, intratracheal instillation, short-term and long-term inhalation tests. With crystalline silica as positive control, the test samples used were potassium titanate with different shapes, fibrous and particulate, composed of the same chemical components and silicon carbide whisker whose demand is expected to increase. The hazard assessment method has been established by integrating the obtained data while a system applicable to all the durable particulate matters has been developed by generalizing the data. The result was particularly suggestive of the direction for the development of new chemical substances by illuminating the difference in activity and biopersistence of the particles in the lung, depending on their shape. Less
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