| Project/Area Number |
16405013
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 海外学術 |
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| Research Field |
Biodiversity/Systematics
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| Research Institution | The University of Tokyo |
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Principal Investigator |
ITO Motomi The Unvieristy of Tokyo, Department of General Systems Sciences, Professor, 大学院・総合文化研究科, 教授 (00193524)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
AOKI Seishiro The Unvieristy of Tokyo, Department of Life Sciences, Project Faculty menber, 大学院・総合文化研究科, 特任教員(産学官連携研究員) (10334301)
WATANABE Kuniaki Kobe University, Department of Biology, Professor, 理学部, 教授 (80031376)
KATO Hidetoshi Tokyo Metropolitan University, Deparatment of Biology, Assistant Professor, 大学院・理学研究科, 助手 (50305413)
SAKAYAMA Toshihide The Unvieristy of Tokyo, Department of Life Sciences, Assistant Professor, 大学院・総合文化研究科, 助手 (60391108)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2006
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2006)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥13,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,100,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥4,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,200,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥4,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,200,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥4,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,700,000)
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| Keywords | New Zealand / adaptive radiation / alpine plants / Celmisia / Hymenophyllaceae / コケシノブ科 / ナンキョクブナ属 / 種分化 |
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| Research Abstract |
One of the modes of speciation, an adaptive radiation is a speciation in which some species have derived from single ancestral species with ecological adaptation to diversified environments. This process generally has occurred within short times, and relatively small numbers of mutation could be responsible to large changes in their morphology and ecological characteristics. New Zealand has been isolated from the adjacent landmass by the ocean, and thus for the plants, it is very hard to migrate from the other landmass. New Zealand is located in high latitude, and in glacial ages, a large part of the land had been covered with glaciers. Thus, the flora of New Zealand is a good model for studying plant adaptive radiation. We examined the mode of speciation in New Zealand for Celmisia (Asteraceae) and Hymeonophyllaceae (Pteridophyte), both of which includes many species endemic to New Zealand.
In Celmisia, an ancestral plant, which had estimated to be belong to one group of Olearia, could be migrated from Asustralia, and then diversified in New Zealand. Then, from this group, the ancestors of Celmisia would be derived with following large scale of adaptive radiation. The Australian species of Celmisia, consisting about 10 species, are estimated to be derived from the single ancestor species migrated from New Zealand.
On the other hand, in Hymenophyllaceae, some species had been branched at base in their phylogenetic tree, and the others are derived relatively recently.
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