APPLICATION OF 3D-GIS FOR DISASTER ANALYSIS
| Project/Area Number |
16510141
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Natural disaster science
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| Research Institution | KINKI UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
MORI M. KINKI UNIVERSITY, FCULTY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, PROFESSOR, 産業理工部, 教授 (50159191)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2006
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2006)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥1,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000)
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| Keywords | GIS / NATURAL DISASTER / REMOTE SENSING / DISASTER PREVENTION / LANDSLIDE DISASTER / 地理情報システム(GIS) / 洪水・土砂災害 / 3次元解析 / 数値標高情報 / 10mDEM |
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| Research Abstract |
A high-resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) (2m mesh grid) has been used to analyze a river flood using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). In the past, a 5 m-meshed DEM and an airborne laser system have been used to analyze river geometry for making river hazard maps, monitoring and model making. However, this approach has not been sufficient to obtain a 5m DEM to reconstruct the small structural features of smaller rivers, especially those with narrow banks. The widths of riverbanks encountered are frequently less than 3m.
The 2m DEM generated by the advanced airborne laser system has relatively high resolution compared to previous examples and the vertical resolution is 0.1 meter. This vertical resolution is sufficient for the construction of our model.
The Onga River in Iizuka City on Kyushu Island in Japan has been analyzed in detail. In the past, the Onga River has frequently overflowed its banks and the floodwaters flowed down to the downtown area of Iizuka City on July, 200
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3, causing a wide variety of damage during the period of this disaster. A 3D surface model around the river can now be obtained by surveying the area using a laser range finder and GPS. This system generates 3D coordinates with 50 cm resolution, respectively. A cross-section of the river is generated in a two-dimensional coordinate system perpendicular to the water flow of the river. The direction of the water flow is shown by the y-axis, the intervals of which direction are 5 meters to 50 meters depending on the curvature of the river. These 3D coordinates around the river are shown in the form a local coordinate system, the data of which is obtained in a three-dimensional CAD format such as dxf (AutoCAD). However, this CAD data does not include referents that relate directly to a standard geo-coordinate system. Thus, calibrations of several points around the riverbanks have been performed to generate referents to a WGK84 system format using the high-resolution GPS system. The GPS system, GSR2600 (SOKKIA), is a dual-frequency Real-Time Kinematics (RTK) system, the resolutions of which are nominally 2cm both in a vertical direction and in a horizontal direction.
Thus, contour lines are generated using the combined DEM data in the GIS system for estimating flooded areas around the Onga River. Contour lines at intervals of 20cm as are shown in the print-outs. The flooded areas are estimated precisely, based on river water levels, and can be used for flood hazard maps. Estimated flooded areas based on several water levels are also shown in the print-outs. Three-dimensional views of the flooded areas were obtained from several angles by this system. Less
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Report
(4 results)
Research Products
(12 results)
