| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥1,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥1,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000)
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| Research Abstract |
This research mainly aims to shed light on the transition of foreign policy by the Japanese Government. I make clear of changing roles of governors in Nagasaki for the purpose. There are several important points of this research.
First, I show a controversy over the foundation of a governor in Nagasaki, and I also point out that the most important role of the governors in the early of Edo era is to control over Christians. The rank of the governors in the Government was low at the stage. Second, Gogyodaka(御定高) trade system was founded in 1685. Kawaguchi Sesstu no cami, a governor in Nagasaki made great contribution to the foundation of the system. His activities made the rank of governors in Nagasaki rise still higher in the end of the 17^<th> century. Moreover the change should be considered in a larger context. The Government has already become financial difficulties from 1670s, and intends to impose a tax to the foreign trade in Nagasaki for breaking the crisis.
Therefore the Governme
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nt took a notice to Nagasaki, and raised the estimate of Foreign trade in Nagasaki. These factors make the Government change the attitude disdaining foreigners. Therefore it is natural that the rank of governors in Nagasaki relatively rose high under those conditions. Third, a superintendent officer in Nagasaki was founded in 1715 when Shotoku Shinrei(正徳新例) was promulgated. It is conspicuous that a person who served as a superintendent officer tends to promote a governor in Nagasaki after 1715. It shows that the government intends to strengthen the control of government officials in Nagasaki. Forth, the foreign trade in Nagasaki became stagnant after a famine in 1732. The Government appointed Hagiwara Hoki no cami as a governor in Nagasaki for breaking the crisis in 1736. He had successively held various posts in the department of finance in the Government.
Governors appointed after Hagiwara tend to have a close relationship in the department in the Government. Particularly the head of the department, Matsura Kwachi no cami (1748-1752), Ishigaya Bingo no cami(1763-1770), also servedgovernors in Nagasaki, and they mainly reformed the system of the foreign trade in Nagasaki. Therefore it is clear that governors in this period bureaucratized in the department of finance. I come to a conclusion that the main role of governors in Nagasaki changed from the control of Christians to the administration of the foreign trade in Nagasaki. The next subject of this research is to make clear of the policies of Japan-Netherlands trade by the Dutch East India Company. I visited the Netherlands two times. I gathered historical materials and literature on the theme at the library of Leiden Univ. and also the National Archives in The Hague (Den Gaag). Less
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