The Transformation Process of Ethnic Groups in Heilongjiang area under the rule of Qing dynasty
| Project/Area Number |
16520428
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Asian history
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| Research Institution | Waseda University |
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Principal Investigator |
YANAGISAWA Akira Waseda University, Faculty of Letters, Arts and Sciences, Professor, 文学学術院, 助教授 (50220182)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2006
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2006)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥400,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
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| Keywords | Qing / Heilongjiang / the Eight Banners / ethnicity / China / Mongolia / 清朝 |
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| Research Abstract |
Heilongjiang (黒龍江) area (including present Kulun Buyir area of Inner-Mongolia) experienced a great change of distribution and composition of its population from the latter half of 17th to the first half of 18th century. The main cause of such a change is the incorporation of various ethnic groups into the Eight-Banner system. The Qing (清)government often shifted the location of Eight-Banner troops for political or military purposes, which caused population transfer on a large scale. Besides, basic units (niru) of the Eight Banners were usually organized according to supposed ethnicities, and given ethnic names. In other words, incorporation into the Eight-Banner system meant the official classification of people into ethnic groups.
The ethnic framework set up by Qing is supposed to have a great influence upon the classification and the distribution of present nationalities. To make sure of it, we, on the one hand, cast a new light on the detailed process of incorporation of various groups into the Eight Banners through analysis of Qing archival materials. On the other hand, we held interviews with people of several nationalities in Kulun Buyir in 2004 and about the Nen (嫩) valley in 2005, to follow up the transformation process of ethnic conditions in recent years. As a result, it is proved that the ethnic definition given by the Qing government, together with the position under the Eight-Banner system, forms the basis of present group identity of each nationality. We also came to know that another element which had a great influence upon the distribution, social and cultural conditions of the native groups was, the open-land policy followed by the torrent of immigration of Han-Chinese from the last years of Qing dynasty.
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Report
(4 results)
Research Products
(3 results)
