| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000)
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| Research Abstract |
Summary : Post-genocide justice is a key task for humanity. If we should be able to eliminate the scourge of genocide than international and local post-genocide justice must be secured, in a rapid and full-fletched manner, dealing with the perpetrators and addressing the root-causes of mass murder. As for common murder, no genocidaire ought to escape justice. Preventive measures must protect the victims : ethnic or religious minorities and indigenous peoples. As for the latter, United Nations are most involved.
Research activities in the four years 2004-08 focused on four cases of past genocides: Burundi (1972, 1993), Cambodia (1975-79), East Timor (1975-99) and Rwanda (1959, 61, 64, 72 and total genocide in 1994). The latter received strong attention due to multiple forms of justice put in action. It is the largest ever operation in post-genocide justice and uses a modified and modernized form of participative justice (gacaca) on the thousands of hills of Rwanda. It deals with one million cases; over 800, 000 accused are convicted or acquitted.
Justice depends from political will: It was delayed and denied in all other cases, except for Cambodia 1979-82, after the Vietnamese army stopped the slaughter and chased the Khmer Rouge, there was a wave of justice. But only today, over 35 years after, the first KR leaders are now dealt with by a hybrid court (UN funding, local control). In Burundi and East Timor impunity is unbroken; the two countries remain disabled and unstable.
Former and current cases of mass violence, chiefly genocidal warfare cases in Congo-Kivu, Burma, Sri Lanka, Vietnam and Bosnia-with the first three ongoing-were included. Initial inquiry was done on the ethno-religious conflict in Pattani, Thailand. Except for Vietnam and Timor Leste, which are external genocidal warfare cases-invaders target the entire nation -all other cases are about domestic genocide and mass violence targeting (ethnic) minorities.
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