| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥1,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000)
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| Research Abstract |
This project investigates on how the modern Japanese learned the Western education system for juvenile delinquents, through analyzing what Kosuke Tomeoka (1864-1934), who adopted the "colony system" of the European institutions as the system of his Reform School of "Katei Gakko," learned through observing the social institutions in the United States and in Europe in 1903, and what he reported after the observation.
A question on which European colonies he had observed has never been answered by the previous studies, due to the lack of research and analysis of the basic material.
Therefore, I made the catalogue of Tokyo Katei Gakko, where the documents written by Tomeoka and the books he collected are kept. As a result of a thorough investigation, I have found new evidences on the following topics.
First, Tomeoka's image of the colony system was formed by his visit to "Strafanstalt Witzwyl," Switzerland. Tomeoka explained that the Strafanstalt Witzwyl had neither high walls nor enclosed sea. However, my investigation shows that in Witzwyl, there are two types of the institutions, the ones enclosed with walls and the ones without walls. Tomeoka emphasized only the latter of the two types.
Second, Tomeoka reported to the Japanese people that Willhelmdorf and Freistadt, which were established by Friedrich von Bodelschwingh, were effective colonies that help the homeless and the powerless. However, Tomeoka did not visit there, but instead visited other institutions in Bodelschwinghsche Anstalt Bethel. I theorize that he got the information on Willhelmdorf and Freistadt through reading a magazine of "Bote von Bethel".
Therefore, I conclude that Tomeoka's report on the information on the Western institutions had been filtered through his bias. The transmitter's bias has influenced the Japanese understanding on the Western information in modern era, and this is also true in the case on the juvenile education.
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