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A study of a derivational affix that is not a type: the prefix a- and its establishment, decline, and spread

Research Project

Project/Area Number 16K02754
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Research Field English linguistics
Research InstitutionTohoku University

Principal Investigator

Nagano Akiko  東北大学, 情報科学研究科, 准教授 (90407883)

Project Period (FY) 2016-04-01 – 2020-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2019)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,770,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥870,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
Keywords派生形態論 / 文法化 / 生産性 / 語形成規則 / 言語接触 / 語彙素 / 形態理論 / 英語学 / 形容詞 / 借用 / 接辞 / 主要部 / 接頭辞 / 通時変化
Outline of Final Research Achievements

We examined the grammar and history of an exceptional derivational affix in English. The prefix "a-" found in words such as "asleep," "awake," and "aboard" is exceptional and does not form a class or type with other English prefixes. In present-day English, there is no other prefix that produces predicative-only adjectives. Understanding why a particular element behaves differently from the majority in this way is significant for linguistic descriptions and theories that aim to uncover the rules and systems of a language.
The major results of our investigation are threefold. First, adpositions (P) are instrumental in the creation of new adjectives. Second, the traditional grammaticalization analysis about "a-" is not sufficient. After the Middle English, new items began to be produced by a word-formation rule. Third, the locational prepositions "on" and "in" are involved in the production of new adjective-like predicates in contemporary Japanese through language borrowing.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究の意義は、例外性に目を向けることで逆にシステムの規則性を示したことにある。多くの言語理論は言語の規則的な側面に注目するが、語彙のようにそもそも固有性・個別性の高い領域では例外事象に注目することも有益な研究方法である。そのことを実証できた。本研究は、また、もともと計画していた、英語の中でのinとonの文法化の研究にとどまらず、これらの前置詞が日本語に借用されてやはり形容詞類を派生するようになったことにも目を向けた。そして、それが「語彙と言語接触」についての研究を開始する糸口となった。つまり、本研究は分野にとって新しい研究テーマを開拓することができたという点でも意義があるといえる。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2019 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2018 Research-status Report
  • 2017 Research-status Report
  • 2016 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (46 results)

All 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (6 results) Journal Article (9 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 6 results,  Open Access: 5 results,  Acknowledgement Compliant: 4 results) Presentation (14 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 9 results) Book (11 results) Remarks (1 results) Funded Workshop (5 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Lyon(フランス)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] International Pacific University(ニュージーランド)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Uppsala University(スウェーデン)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Lyon(フランス)

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Granada(スペイン)

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] リヨン大学(フランス)

    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] “A conversion analysis of so-called coercion from relational to qualitative adjectives in English”2018

    • Author(s)
      Nagano, Akiko
    • Journal Title

      Word Structure

      Volume: 11 Issue: 2 Pages: 185-210

    • DOI

      10.3366/word.2018.0124

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] “Affix borrowing and structural borrowing in Japanese word-formation”2018

    • Author(s)
      Nagano, Akiko and Masaharu Shimada,
    • Journal Title

      SKASE Journal of Theoretical Linguistics

      Volume: 15 Pages: 60-84

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] “Relational adjectives used predicatively (but not qualitatively): A comparative-structural approach”2018

    • Author(s)
      Shimada, Masaharu and Akiko Nagano
    • Journal Title

      Lexique: Revue francaise de lexicologie et de linguistique

      Volume: 23 Pages: 62-89

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] How do relational adjectives change into qualitative adjectives?2018

    • Author(s)
      Nagano, Akiko
    • Journal Title

      JELS35

      Volume: 35 Pages: 273-279

    • NAID

      40021932460

    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 英語の名詞由来派生形容詞の2種類について2017

    • Author(s)
      長野明子
    • Journal Title

      日本英文学会東北支部第71回大会プロシーディングズ

      Volume: 89 Pages: 155-156

    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] 「平叙文末詞と疑問文末詞の対応関係について」2017

    • Author(s)
      長野明子
    • Journal Title

      埼玉大学教養学部リベラル・アーツ叢書別冊

      Volume: 2 Pages: 88-103

    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] “Are relational adjectives possible cross-linguistically?: The case of Japanese.”2016

    • Author(s)
      Akiko Nagano
    • Journal Title

      Word Structure

      Volume: 9 Issue: 1 Pages: 72-102

    • DOI

      10.3366/word.2016.0086

    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] "The Category and Historical Development of the Prefix a-"2016

    • Author(s)
      Nagano, Akiko
    • Journal Title

      JELS 33 (Proceedings of the 33th National Conference of the English Linguistic Society of Japan)

      Volume: 33 Pages: 86-92

    • NAID

      40021205471

    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] “Morphological Realization of Focus Head in Hakata Japanese”2016

    • Author(s)
      Nagano, Akiko
    • Journal Title

      Tsukuba English Studies

      Volume: 35 Pages: 1-31

    • NAID

      120006766476

    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Presentation] “An ecological approach to word-formation: Reflections from an English-Japanese contrastive perspective”2019

    • Author(s)
      Renner, Vincent and Akiko Nagano.
    • Organizer
      Language and Ecology: Towards a Shared Narrative in Interdisciplinary Narrative
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] “Word-formation with loanwords: A case of Japanese English”2019

    • Author(s)
      Shimada, Masaharu and Akiko Nagano
    • Organizer
      International Symposium of Morphology 2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] “On two linguistic strategies of borrowing prepositions and particles”2018

    • Author(s)
      Nagano, Akiko and Masaharu Shimada
    • Organizer
      Word-Formation Theories III/ Typology and Universals in Word-Formation IV
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] “Ambiguities of existential-based V+V sequences in Standard and Fukuoka Japanese”2018

    • Author(s)
      Nagano, Akiko and Masaharu Shimada
    • Organizer
      the 19th International Conference on Turkish Linguistics
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] “Three distinctions in grammatical borrowing”2018

    • Author(s)
      Nagano, Akiko
    • Organizer
      Symposium at the 36th Annual Meeting of the English Linguistic Society of Japan
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] How do relational adjectives change into qualitative adjectives?2017

    • Author(s)
      Nagano, Akiko
    • Organizer
      ELSJ (The English Linguistic Society of Japan) 10th International Spring Forum
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] A relational nominal structure in nominal predicates2017

    • Author(s)
      Nagano, Akiko and Masaharu Shimada
    • Organizer
      Premier Symposium International de Morphologie (ISMo)
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] So-called wasei eigo as a case of morphostructural borrowing from English2017

    • Author(s)
      Nagano, Akiko and Masaharu Shimada
    • Organizer
      Tsukuba Morphology Meeting 2017
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 「2種類の重複表現に関する形態論的考察」2017

    • Author(s)
      長野明子
    • Organizer
      日本語文法学会第18回大会
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 「英語の名詞由来派生形容詞の2種類について」2016

    • Author(s)
      長野明子
    • Organizer
      日本英文学会東北支部第71回大会シンポジアム『動詞と形容詞の項構造・構文とレキシコン』
    • Place of Presentation
      秋田、日本
    • Year and Date
      2016-11-20
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 「言語使用の三層モデルと形態論」2016

    • Author(s)
      長野明子
    • Organizer
      筑波大学ワークショップ『三層モデルでみえてくる言語の機能としくみ』
    • Place of Presentation
      つくば、日本
    • Year and Date
      2016-09-30
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 「英語の接頭辞a-の生産性の変化について」2016

    • Author(s)
      長野明子
    • Organizer
      東北大学ワークショップ『内省では得られない言語変化・変異の事実と言語理論』
    • Place of Presentation
      仙台、日本
    • Year and Date
      2016-09-08
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] “Attributive modification in depictives”2016

    • Author(s)
      Shimada, Masaharu and Akiko Nagano
    • Organizer
      SLE 2016 (the Societas Linguistica Europaea)
    • Place of Presentation
      Naples, Italy
    • Year and Date
      2016-09-02
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] “Language contact between English and Japanese and the borrowing of left-headed nominal modification structure”2016

    • Author(s)
      Akiko, Nagano and Masaharu Shimada.
    • Organizer
      ESSE 13 (the European Society for the Study of English)
    • Place of Presentation
      Galway, Ireland
    • Year and Date
      2016-08-24
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] 『形態論とレキシコン』2020

    • Author(s)
      西山國雄、長野明子
    • Total Pages
      235
    • Publisher
      開拓社
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] “On the semantics of certain V + V sequences in Standard and Fukuoka Japanese,” Ambiguous Verb Sequences in Transeurasian Languages and Beyond, ed. by Eva Csato, Lars Johanson, and Birsel Karakoc.2019

    • Author(s)
      Nagano, Akiko and Masaharu Shimada
    • Total Pages
      24
    • Publisher
      Harrassowitz
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 「九州方言文末詞「バイ」と「タイ」の統語と形態について」、西原哲雄/都田青子/中村浩一郎/米倉よう子/田中真一(編)『言語におけるインターフェイス』2019

    • Author(s)
      長野明子、島田雅晴
    • Total Pages
      20
    • Publisher
      開拓社
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 「「てある」文にみられる方言間差異」、竹沢幸一/本間伸輔/田川拓海/石田尊/松岡幹就/島田雅晴 (編)『日本語統語論研究の広がり:記述と理論の往還』2019

    • Author(s)
      島田雅晴、長野明子
    • Total Pages
      20
    • Publisher
      くろしお出版
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 「レキシコン理論の潮流:レキシコンでの操作としての借用について」影山太郎・岸本秀樹編『レキシコン研究の新たなアプローチ』内2019

    • Author(s)
      長野明子
    • Publisher
      くろしお出版
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 『言語研究と言語学の進展シリーズ第1巻 言語の構造と分析―統語論、音声学・音韻論、形態論―第III部 最新のレキシコンと形態論の進展』2018

    • Author(s)
      長野明子
    • Publisher
      開拓社
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 「なぜiceは動詞としても使えるのか:現代英語の転換」米倉綽・中村芳久編『英語学が語るもの』内2018

    • Author(s)
      長野明子
    • Publisher
      くろしお出版
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 「現代英語の派生接頭辞en-は本当にRHRの反例か?」2017

    • Author(s)
      長野明子
    • Publisher
      開拓社
    • ISBN
      9784758918244
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 「博多方言の疑問文末詞の変異と変化の観察」2016

    • Author(s)
      長野明子
    • Publisher
      開拓社
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 『コーパスからわかる言語変化・変異と言語理論』2016

    • Author(s)
      小川芳樹、長野明子、菊地朗
    • Total Pages
      453
    • Publisher
      開拓社
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
  • [Book] “How Poor Japanese Is in Adjectivizing Derivational Affixes and Why”2016

    • Author(s)
      Nagano, Akiko and Masaharu Shimada.
    • Publisher
      Cambridge Scholars Publishing
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] 東北大学情報科学研究科言語変化・変異研究ユニット

    • URL

      http://ling.human.is.tohoku.ac.jp/change/home.html

    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
  • [Funded Workshop] Professional Development Seminar on TESOL, Tohoku University2019

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Funded Workshop] Tsukuba Morphology Meeting 32019

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Funded Workshop] “Language Contact and English Functional Items,” Symposium at the 36th Annual Meeting of the English Linguistic Society of Japan2018

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Funded Workshop] Tsukuba Morphology Meeting 22018

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Funded Workshop] Tsukuba Morphology Meeting 20172017

    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report

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Published: 2016-04-21   Modified: 2021-02-19  

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