| Budget Amount *help |
¥1,650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000)
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| Research Abstract |
Kakushin mayors mean the Oppositions against for conservatives and were recommended by Japan Socialdemocratic Party (Nihon Shakaito) in postwar history in this articles. This article compares Kakushin mayors in Touhoku region with ones in Keihanshin region from 1950s to 1960s.
In Touhoku region Kakushin mayors appeared comparatively late in about 1959. They took part in Zenkoku Kakushin Shicyou Kai (National Socialdemocratic Mayors Association) commaded by Asukata Ichio Yokohama Mayor as the official mayors of SDP in 1960s. For example Sendai, Akita, Sakata, and Oodate city. On the other hand Kakushin Mayors in Keihanshin region appeared early in 1950s. But they retired or withdrew from NSMA in 1960s. For example Oosaka, Kobe, Nishinomiya, Maizuru, Uji city.
Causes of this differences between two mayor groups were influences by conflicts within the Opposition parties and the realities of area economic development.
First SDP local organizations in Tohoku region were leftwing therefore they
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were friends with the extreme leftist Asukata. On the other hand SDP in Keihanshin region were rightwing and leadership in city politics was very weak because of strong influences of Minsyato (Democratic Socialist Party) and Kyosanto (Communist Party of Japan). Kakushin mayors in Keihanshin were supported DSP and rightwing labor unions. Accordingly they changed over from socialdemocratic government to coalition with conservative party (Ziminto) in 1960s.
Secondly Keihanshin region was, as well as Tokai and Setouchi region, well on the way to new industrialization (For example steel industry and petrochemistry) and to scrap of old textile industries in early 1960s. This industrialization pressured Kakushin mayors in Keihanshin region to shift to conservative wing more than Touhoku region. On the other hand new industries (For example pulp and aluminum industry) located in Tohoku region from 1970s downward. Because Kakushin mayors exerted to maintain life bases, they consequently found favor of citizens could survuve late 1960s. Less
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