| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,730,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥1,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥1,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000)
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| Research Abstract |
I educed the historical roles of the collective/common field of slaves for their own use (hereafter referred to as “CFS"), which was one type of land held by slaves for their own use under the slavery system in the South. The so-called antebellum period saw the zenith of the slavery system, and planters in this period, aiming at a maximization of profits, took steps towards streamlining and enhanced efficiency. The appearance of “common kitchens" and common “wood patches" are examples of those policies. The CFS played a significant role in the slave labor management system within the newly organized plantation management structure.
Traditional studies on the land of slaves for their own use discuss cultivation at the family or individual levels, deny a role to the slave owner, and have emphasized slave autonomy. However, it was learned, regarding newly discovered forms of the CFS, that they were the deliberate policies of profit-seeking planters.
Planters allowed the daytime cultivation by slaves of one field within the plantation as a CFS, with the labor rotated within a small group. Using this method, the slaves were able to work in a manner directly related to their personal profit within the hours of their forced labor. On the other hand, planters positioned their own fields adjacent to the slave fields in anticipation of the application of the slaves' vigorous labor to their own fields, and took steps in that direction. Various innovations by individual planters have been discovered including bonus systems introduced to the CFS, a land quota system for each person based on such fixed standards as labor capacity, gender, and age, and combined usage with private lands. Additionally, it was discovered that, within the land under cultivation in a plantation resembling these fields, the vegetable fields and gardens for the exclusive use of slaves can be seen as latent or analogous versions of the CFS.
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