| Budget Amount *help |
¥43,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥33,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥10,140,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥8,840,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,040,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥9,360,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,160,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥8,840,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,040,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥8,840,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,040,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥8,060,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,860,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
One of the plausible scenarios for the seed formation of supermassive black holes (BHs) is the direct collapse of massive stars. Previously, it was believed that external ultraviolet radiation and primordial gas composition were necessary, but the conditions were too stringent, resulting in a shortage of formed BHs. We conducted numerical simulations of star formation from gas containing trace amounts of heavy elements. When trace amounts of heavy elements were present, stellar clusters formed, and it was found that when the heavy element abundance was less than 1/1000th of the Sun's, the most massive stars became gigantic stars with over 100,000 solar masses, leading to direct collapse and the formation of BH seeds. Based on this new scenario, we perfomed cosmological simulations, demonstrating that it is possible to generate the sufficient seeds of supermassive BHs under the expected threshold metallicity.
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