Revelation of the neuronal mechanism of motor learning in non-human primates with the two-photon calcium imaging

• Project/Area Number: 17H04982
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Research Field: Neurophysiology / General neuroscience
• Research Institution: Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (2019-2020); The University of Tokyo (2017-2018)
• Principal Investigator: Masamizu Yoshito 国立研究開発法人理化学研究所, 脳神経科学研究センター, 副チームリーダー (90608530)
• Project Period (FY): 2017-04-01 – 2021-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
• Budget Amount: ¥23,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥18,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥5,400,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥4,810,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,110,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥4,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,140,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥6,630,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,530,000); Fiscal Year 2017: ¥7,020,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,620,000)
• Keywords: in vivo カルシウムイメージング / 運動学習 / マーモセット / カルシウムイメージング / 2光子カルシウムイメージング / ２光子カルシウムイメージング

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Two-photon calcium imaging has revealed neuronal activities related to behavioral and cognitive functions in rodents at a single-cell resolution. To apply this technique to behaving non-human primates, we developed protocols to train head-fixed common marmosets to perform upper-limb movement tasks. Head-fixed marmosets could control a pole with an upper limb to move a cursor to a target on a screen. We conducted two-photon calcium imaging of layer 2/3 neurons in the motor cortex during this motor task performance, and detected task-relevant activity from neuronal somata, dendrites and axons.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

我々は、霊長類コモンマーモセットで、課題実行時に脳のin vivo 2光子カルシウムイメージングをおこなう系を確立した。今後、この系を用いて、様々な精神・神経疾患モデルの遺伝子改変コモンマーモセットの神経基盤を解明することによって、疾患における神経ネットワーク変容の理解に役立てることで、新たな治療方法の開発につながることが期待できる。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Arm movements induced by noninvasive optogenetic stimulation of the motor cortex in the common marmoset (2019)
  • Author(s): Ebina Teppei、Obara Keitaro、Watakabe Akiya、Masamizu Yoshito、Terada Shin-Ichiro、Matoba Ryota、Takaji Masafumi、Hatanaka Nobuhiko、Nambu Atsushi、Mizukami Hiroaki、Yamamori Tetsuo、Matsuzaki Masanori
  • Journal Title: PNAS Volume: 116 Pages: 22844-22850
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1903445116
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Two-photon imaging of neuronal activity in motor cortex of marmosets during upper-limb movement tasks (2018)
  • Author(s): Ebina T, Masamizu Y, Tanaka YR, Watakabe A, Hirakawa R, Hirayama Y, Hira R, Terada S, Koketsu D, Hikosaka K, Mizukami H, Nambu A, Sasaki E, Yamamori Y, Matsuzaki M
  • Journal Title: Nature Communications Volume: 9 Pages: 1-16
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04286-6
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Presentation] Two-photon calcium imaging in the motor cortex of non-human primates during movement task (2020)
  • Author(s): Yoshito Masamizu
  • Organizer: The 9th RIEC International Symposium on Brain Functions and Brain Computer
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] 構成的アプローチによって脳の情報処理機構を解明するための基盤技術開発 (2019)
  • Author(s): 正水 芳人
  • Organizer: 行動の多様性を支える神経基盤とその動作様式の解明
• [Presentation] Two-photon imaging of neuronal activity in motor cortex of marmosets during upper-limb movement tasks. (2018)
  • Author(s): 正水 芳人
  • Organizer: 第41回日本神経科学大会
• [Book] ブレインサイエンス・レビュー ２０２０ (2020)
  • Author(s): 正水 芳人(担当:分担執筆, 範囲:霊長類脳のin vivo 2光子カルシウムイメージング)
  • Total Pages: 20
  • Publisher: クバプロ
  • ISBN: 9784878051647
• [Book] マーモセットラボマニュアル、6.2 2光子顕微鏡を用いた脳のin vivoカルシウムイメージング (2018)
  • Author(s): 正水 芳人、松崎 政紀
  • Total Pages: 6
  • Publisher: アドスリー
  • ISBN: 9784904419786