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Genetic bases and evolutionary processes of sexual antagonism in Drosophila species with neo-sex chromosomes

Research Project

Project/Area Number 17H05015
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Evolutionary biology
Research InstitutionTokyo Metropolitan University

Principal Investigator

Masafumi Nozawa  東京都立大学, 理学研究科, 准教授 (50623534)

Project Period (FY) 2017-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
Budget Amount *help
¥25,870,000 (Direct Cost: ¥19,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥5,970,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥5,850,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,350,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥9,490,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,190,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥6,370,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,470,000)
Keywords性染色体 / 進化 / ショウジョウバエ / 性的拮抗 / 適応度 / 性バイアス発現 / 性染色体進化 / ゲノム / 遺伝子 / 発現制御 / 遺伝子発現 / 性的二型
Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we have evaluated our hypothesis that sex chromosomes are advantageous in diminishing sexual conflict by acquiring sex-biased genes. To this goal, we have exhaustively examined the expression level of genes in the three species who independently acquired the neo-sex chromosomes and their closely-related species. We found many orthologous genes that show sex-biased expression in the species with neo-sex chromosomes but show unbiased expression in the closely-related species without neo-sex chromosomes. Such genes are often located on the neo-sex chromosomes. We also found that this pattern is particularly conspicuous in larva. From these results, we speculate that acquisition of neo-sex chromosomes may have contributed to reduce the sexual conflict for survival and development rather than reproduction.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

性染色体は主要な性決定機構のひとつであり、多様な生物に存在する。しかし、常染色体が性決定遺伝子を獲得して性染色体になると、通常Y染色体は退化する。また申請者の先行研究によりY染色体のみならずX染色体も退化することが示唆されている。このような潜在的不利の中でどのようにして性染色体が主要な性決定機構として進化し得たのか、いまだに不明な点が多かった。そんな中で、申請者は「性染色体は性的拮抗を軽減するうえで有利である」という仮説を検証すべくネオ性染色体というユニークな材料を用いて研究を行った。本研究の結果は、上記仮説をおおよそ支持しており、性染色体の存在意義の一端を明らかにしたものと考えている。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2020 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • 2018 Annual Research Report
  • 2017 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (24 results)

All 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017

All Journal Article (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Open Access: 2 results,  Peer Reviewed: 1 results) Presentation (20 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 6 results,  Invited: 11 results)

  • [Journal Article] Evolutionary trajectories of three independent neo-sex chromosomes in Drosophila2021

    • Author(s)
      Masafumi Nozawa, Yohei Minakuchi, Kazuhiro Satomura, Shu Kondo, Atsushi Toyoda, Koichiro Tamura
    • Journal Title

      bioRxiv

      Volume: -

    • DOI

      10.1101/2021.03.11.435033

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 性染色体獲得のジレンマ ー性染色体は進化の袋小路か?2020

    • Author(s)
      野澤 昌文
    • Journal Title

      日本の科学者

      Volume: 55 Pages: 46-50

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 位置情報をもつトランスクリプトーム解析を用いた研究の新展開2020

    • Author(s)
      野澤 昌文
    • Journal Title

      実験医学

      Volume: 38 Pages: 1334-1335

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Gene-by-gene or localized dosage compensation on the neo-X chromosome in Drosophila miranda2018

    • Author(s)
      Nozawa M*, Ikeo K, Gojobori T
    • Journal Title

      Genome Biology and Evolution

      Volume: 10 Pages: 1875-1881

    • DOI

      10.1093/gbe/evy148

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] ショウジョウバエにおける性染色体の進化:性染色体の誕生から消失まで2021

    • Author(s)
      野澤昌文
    • Organizer
      新学術領域「性スペクトラム」第4回領域会議
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] ショウジョウバエにおける性染色体の進化2020

    • Author(s)
      野澤昌文
    • Organizer
      総合研究大学院大学先導科学考究
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 性染色体進化の謎を解く:ショウジョウバエのネオ性染色体を用いたアプローチ2019

    • Author(s)
      野澤昌文
    • Organizer
      首都大学東京生物学教室セミナー
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] アカショウジョウバエのNeo性染色体におけるクロマチン修飾の進化2019

    • Author(s)
      青木花織,田村浩一郎,野澤昌文
    • Organizer
      第91回日本遺伝学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 性染色体化が遺伝子発現に及ぼす影響-アカショウジョウバエのNeo性染色体を例に-2019

    • Author(s)
      ミノヴィッチあに香,田村浩一郎,野澤昌文
    • Organizer
      第91回日本遺伝学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] アカショウジョウバエのNeo性染色体におけるエピジェネティック・ランドスケープと遺伝子発現への影響2019

    • Author(s)
      青木花織,田村浩一郎,野澤昌文
    • Organizer
      第21回日本進化学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] アカショウジョウバエのNeo性染色体は性的拮抗を軽減するか2019

    • Author(s)
      ミノヴィッチあに香,田村浩一郎,野澤昌文
    • Organizer
      第21回日本進化学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] ショウジョウバエを用いて性染色体進化の謎に迫る2019

    • Author(s)
      野澤昌文
    • Organizer
      東京都健康安全研究センター技術懇話会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] ショウジョウバエにおける性染色体化が遺伝子発現におよぼす影響2018

    • Author(s)
      野澤昌文
    • Organizer
      第90回日本遺伝学会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 性染色体の進化―ショウジョウバエを例に―2018

    • Author(s)
      野澤昌文
    • Organizer
      東京大学水産実験所セミナー
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] ショウジョウバエNeo性染色体を用いた大野(1967)の遺伝子量補償仮説の再検証2018

    • Author(s)
      野澤昌文
    • Organizer
      第20回日本進化学会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Evolution of three independent neo-sex chromosome systems in Drosophila2018

    • Author(s)
      Nozawa M
    • Organizer
      Symposium on Evolutionary Genetics and Omics
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Revisiting Ohno’s hypothesis of dosage compensation by using the neo-sex chromosomes in Drosophila2018

    • Author(s)
      Nozawa M
    • Organizer
      The 2018 SMBE conference
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Divergence and convergence in the evolution of Drosophila neo-sex chromosomes2018

    • Author(s)
      Nozawa M
    • Organizer
      Special Symposium To Celebrate Over 50,000 Citations Of Saitou & Nei’s (1987) Neighbor-Joining Method Paper
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] How have sex chromosomes become a major sex-determination system in spite of their potential disadvantage?2018

    • Author(s)
      Nozawa M
    • Organizer
      2017 UOS-TMU Joint Conference
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Not only the neo-Y chromosome but also the neo-X chromosome is under accelerated pseudogenization in Drosophila miranda2017

    • Author(s)
      Nozawa M
    • Organizer
      The 2017 SMBE conference
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] ミランダショウジョウバエにおけるNeo-X染色体の退化2017

    • Author(s)
      野澤昌文
    • Organizer
      第19回日本進化学会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Accelerated pseudogenization on the neo-X chromosome in Drosophila miranda2017

    • Author(s)
      Nozawa M
    • Organizer
      Molecular Evolution and Medicine
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] ショウジョウバエゲノムと遺伝学で性染色体の進化をどこまで理解できるか?2017

    • Author(s)
      野澤昌文
    • Organizer
      遺伝研研究集会・進化遺伝学における実験的研究と理論的研究の融合
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] ショウジョウバエにおけるNeo性染色体の進化:性染色体化は有害か?2017

    • Author(s)
      野澤昌文
    • Organizer
      ConBio2017・多細胞動物における性決定システムの多様性と進化
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Invited

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Published: 2017-04-28   Modified: 2022-01-27  

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