| Project/Area Number |
17K07864
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Forest science
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| Research Institution | Forest Research and Management Organization |
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Principal Investigator |
Ueda Akira 国立研究開発法人森林研究・整備機構, 森林総合研究所, 主任研究員 等 (90353599)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2017-04-01 – 2020-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2019)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,680,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,080,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
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| Keywords | マングース / ネパールモンシデムシ / 絶滅 / 沖縄島 / 奄美大島 / 外来種 / 希少種保全 / 競争排除 / 小動物死骸 / 吊り下げ式トラップ / 外来生物 / 南西諸島 / 保全生態学 / 地域絶滅 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
One of the necrophagous beetles, Nicrophorus nepalensis, uses a dead body of small vertebrates like mouse for its reproduction. Under the hypothesis that this beetle is locally extinct through feeding of dead bodies by the introduced mongoose, Herpestes auropunctatus, I collected the beetles to investigate their abundances and observed who used a dead body of mouse lied on the ground on Okinawa and Amamiohshima isles. As the results, no or few beetles were collected and almost dead bodies were fed by mongoose at areas where no control procedures of mongoose were done. On the contrary, a lot of beetles were collected and many dead bodies were used for reproduction of the beetle at the controlled areas. These cleared that the beetle suffers competitive exclusion by mongoose. Next, I tried to develop a model estimating mongoose-population from the beetle catches but failed to get good models.
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
生物の絶滅要因として、環境の変化、捕食・採集圧、疫病、競争があげられる。そのうち競争による絶滅、すなわち競争排除の例は、近縁種や近縁分類群間で知られているが、哺乳類と昆虫間については未だ報告がない。本研究で、マングースによる小型脊椎動物死骸の摂食がネパールモンシデムシの繁殖資源を奪い、地域的な絶滅を生じさせているという競争排除が証明された。これは、食物資源をめぐる哺乳類と昆虫の競争で一方が絶滅するという生態学上非常に重要な発見となり、分類群が大きく異なる生物間でも競争排除が生じる事例として生態学の発展に大きく貢献するものとなった。
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