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Continuous direct biomass conversion process using ionic liquids

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18H02253
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 40020:Wood science-related
Research InstitutionKanazawa University

Principal Investigator

Takahashi Kenji  金沢大学, 生命理工学系, 教授 (00216714)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 廣瀬 大祐  金沢大学, 物質化学系, 助教 (60806686)
Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help
¥12,610,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,910,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥2,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥480,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥480,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,860,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥660,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥5,590,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,290,000)
Keywordsイオン液体 / バイオマス / 連続変換プロセス / 二軸混練 / セルロース / 二軸混錬
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The development of a biomass conversion method for lignocelluloses to produce bio-based plastics using ionic liquids and their application to flow reaction using twin-screw extruder was investigated. The effect of ionic liquids in modification reactions was clarified. Direct conversion of lignocellulose became possible by this method. Furthermore, a new biomass conversion method with low environmental impact was developed, and its applicability to flow reactions was demonstrated.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

近年、有限かつ環境に悪影響を与える化石資源から天然バイオマス資源への転換が求められている。本研究はバイオマスプラスチックを安価かつ簡便に合成する手法に関するものである。有機化学および化学工学の両面からのアプローチにより、天然バイオマス資源から直接かつ連続的にバイオマスプラスチックを合成することが可能となった。これらの成果としてバイオマスプラスチック合成において、環境影響を示す指標の一つであるE-ファクター値を大幅に改善することに成功した。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2021 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • 2018 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (51 results)

All 2021 2020 2019 2018 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (1 results) Journal Article (20 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 5 results,  Peer Reviewed: 20 results,  Open Access: 6 results) Presentation (23 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 13 results,  Invited: 8 results) Remarks (2 results) Patent(Industrial Property Rights) (5 results) (of which Overseas: 2 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Carnegie Mellon University(米国)

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Low waste process of rapid cellulose transesterification using ionic liquid/DMSO mixed solvent: Towards more sustainable reaction systems2021

    • Author(s)
      Milotskyi Romain、Szabo Laszlo、Fujie Tetsuo、Sakata Kintaro、Wada Naoki、Takahashi Kenji
    • Journal Title

      Carbohydrate Polymers

      Volume: 256 Pages: 117560-117560

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117560

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report 2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Direct Conversion of Sugarcane Bagasse into an Injection-Moldable Cellulose-Based Thermoplastic via Homogeneous Esterification with Mixed Acyl Groups2021

    • Author(s)
      Suzuki Shiori、Hikita Hibiki、Hernandez Stephanie C.、Wada Naoki、Takahashi Kenji
    • Journal Title

      ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

      Volume: - Issue: 17 Pages: 5933-5941

    • DOI

      10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c00306

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Direct Synthesis of Full-Biobased Cellulose Esters from Essential Oil Component α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes2021

    • Author(s)
      Kusuma Samuel Budi Wardhana、Hirose Daisuke、Yoshizawa Akina、Szabo Laszlo、Ina Daiki、Wada Naoki、Takahashi Kenji
    • Journal Title

      ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

      Volume: 9 Issue: 25 Pages: 8450-8457

    • DOI

      10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c01267

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Green Conversion of Total Lignocellulosic Components of Sugarcane Bagasse to Thermoplastics Through Transesterification Using Ionic Liquid2021

    • Author(s)
      Suzuki Shiori、Hamano Yosuke、Hernandez Stephanie C.、Wada Naoki、Takahashi Kenji
    • Journal Title

      ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

      Volume: 9 Issue: 45 Pages: 15249-15257

    • DOI

      10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c05281

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Selective Modification of Aliphatic Hydroxy Groups in Lignin Using Ionic Liquid2021

    • Author(s)
      Suzuki Shiori、Kurachi Shimon、Wada Naoki、Takahashi Kenji
    • Journal Title

      Catalysts

      Volume: 11 Issue: 1 Pages: 120-120

    • DOI

      10.3390/catal11010120

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report 2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Controlled acetylation of kraft lignin for tailoring polyacrylonitrile-kraft lignin interactions towards the production of quality carbon nanofibers2021

    • Author(s)
      Szabo Laszlo、Milotskyi Romain、Ueda Hisai、Tsukegi Takayuki、Wada Naoki、Takahashi Kenji
    • Journal Title

      Chemical Engineering Journal

      Volume: 405 Pages: 126640-126640

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.cej.2020.126640

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report 2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Understanding and Suppression of Side Reaction during Transesterification of Phenolic Hydroxyl Groups of Lignin with Vinyl Ester2020

    • Author(s)
      Suzuki Shiori、Ishikuro Akinari、Hamano Yosuke、Hirose Daisuke、Wada Naoki、Takahashi Kenji
    • Journal Title

      Chemistry Letters

      Volume: 49 Issue: 8 Pages: 900-904

    • DOI

      10.1246/cl.200202

    • NAID

      130007884716

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Green Synthesis and Fractionation of Cellulose Acetate by Controlling the Reactivity of Polysaccharides in Sugarcane Bagasse2020

    • Author(s)
      Suzuki Shiori、Yada Risa、Hamano Yosuke、Wada Naoki、Takahashi Kenji
    • Journal Title

      ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

      Volume: 8 Issue: 24 Pages: 9002-9008

    • DOI

      10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c01639

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Electron beam induced strengthening of a short carbon fiber reinforced green thermoplastic composite: key factors determining materials performance2019

    • Author(s)
      Laszlo Szabo, Sari Imanishi, Tetsuo Fujie, Masaki Nishio, Daisuke Hirose, Takayuki Tsukegi, Kentaro Taki, Kazuaki Ninomiya and Kenji Takahashi
    • Journal Title

      Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

      Volume: 121 Pages: 386-396

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.compositesa.2019.03.046

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Transesterification Reaction of Cellulose with Inactive Esters in Ionic Liquids Acting as Both Catalysts and Solvents2019

    • Author(s)
      Samuel B. W. Kusuma, Daisuke Hirose and Kenji Takahashi
    • Journal Title

      Chemistry Letters

      Volume: 48 Issue: 9 Pages: 1122-1125

    • DOI

      10.1246/cl.190392

    • NAID

      130007703021

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Chemical Modification of Plasticized Lignins Using Reactive Extrusion2019

    • Author(s)
      Romain Milotskyi, Laszlo Szabo, Kenji Takahashi and Christophe Bliard
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Chemistry

      Volume: 7

    • DOI

      10.3389/fchem.2019.00633

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Direct one-step synthesis of a formally fully bio-based polymer from cellulose and cinnamon flavor2019

    • Author(s)
      Daisuke Hirose, Samuel Budi Wardhana Kusuma, Daiki Ina, Naoki Wada and Kenji Takahashi
    • Journal Title

      Green Chemistry

      Volume: 21 Issue: 18 Pages: 4927-4931

    • DOI

      10.1039/c9gc01333d

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Quantitative analysis of native reactive functional groups on carbon fiber surface: An electrochemical approach2019

    • Author(s)
      Laszlo Szabo, Romain Milotskyi, Takayuki Tsukegi, Naoki Wada and Kenji Takahashi
    • Journal Title

      Applied Surface Science

      Volume: 494 Pages: 315-325

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.07.185

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Effect of anion in carboxylate-based ionic liquids on catalytic activity of transesterification with vinyl esters and the solubility of cellulose2019

    • Author(s)
      Hirose Daisuke、Wardhana Kusuma Samuel Budi、Nomura Shuhei、Yamaguchi Makoto、Yasaka Yoshiro、Kakuchi Ryohei、Takahashi Kenji
    • Journal Title

      RSC Advances

      Volume: 9 Issue: 7 Pages: 4048-4053

    • DOI

      10.1039/c8ra10042j

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Lignin as a Functional Green Coating on Carbon Fiber Surface to Improve Interfacial Adhesion in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers2019

    • Author(s)
      Szabo Laszlo、Imanishi Sari、Tetsuo Fujie、Hirose Daisuke、Ueda Hisai、Tsukegi Takayuki、Ninomiya Kazuaki、Takahashi Kenji
    • Journal Title

      Materials

      Volume: 12 Issue: 1 Pages: 159-159

    • DOI

      10.3390/ma12010159

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Cellulose triacetate synthesis via one-pot organocatalytic transesterification and delignification of pretreated bagasse2018

    • Author(s)
      Suzuki Shiori、Shibata Yoshiki、Hirose Daisuke、Endo Takatsugu、Ninomiya Kazuaki、Kakuchi Ryohei、Takahashi Kenji
    • Journal Title

      RSC Advances

      Volume: 8 Issue: 39 Pages: 21768-21776

    • DOI

      10.1039/c8ra03859g

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Interphase Engineering of a Cellulose-Based Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite by Applying Click Chemistry2018

    • Author(s)
      Szabo Laszlo、Imanishi Sari、Kawashima Naohiro、Hoshino Rina、Hirose Daisuke、Tsukegi Takayuki、Ninomiya Kazuaki、Takahashi Kenji
    • Journal Title

      ChemistryOpen

      Volume: 7 Issue: 9 Pages: 720-729

    • DOI

      10.1002/open.201800180

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Efficient pretreatment of bagasse at high loading in an ionic liquid2018

    • Author(s)
      Aung Ei Mon、Endo Takatsugu、Fujii Shunsuke、Kuroda Kosuke、Ninomiya Kazuaki、Takahashi Kenji
    • Journal Title

      Industrial Crops and Products

      Volume: 119 Pages: 243-248

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.04.006

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] CS2 capture in the ionic liquid 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate: reaction mechanism and free energetics2018

    • Author(s)
      Yan Fangyong、Kakuchi Ryohei、Takahashi Kenji、Kim Hyung J.
    • Journal Title

      Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics

      Volume: 20 Issue: 29 Pages: 19339-19349

    • DOI

      10.1039/c8cp01724g

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Dual Catalytic Activity of an Ionic Liquid in Lignin Acetylation and Deacetylation2018

    • Author(s)
      Suzuki Shiori、Ishikuro Akinari、Hirose Daisuke、Ninomiya Kazuaki、Takahashi Kenji
    • Journal Title

      Chemistry Letters

      Volume: 47 Issue: 7 Pages: 860-863

    • DOI

      10.1246/cl.180350

    • NAID

      130007402821

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] Low Waste Process of Rapid Cellulose Transesterification Using Ionic Liquid/DMSO Mixed Solvent: Towards More Sustainable Reaction Systems2020

    • Author(s)
      Romain Milotskyi, Laszlo Szabo, Tetsuo Fujie, Kintaro Sakata, Naoki Wada, Kenji Takahashi
    • Organizer
      The International Polymer Conference of Thailand 2020 (PCT-10),
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Biomass refinery using ionic liquids2019

    • Author(s)
      Kenji Takahashi
    • Organizer
      BBC2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Cellulose production into ionic solvent2019

    • Author(s)
      Kenji Takahashi
    • Organizer
      5th PolyNat International Industries Forum
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Regioselective synthesis of cellulose ester: Application of carbon13 isotope for efficient detection by 13c-NMR2019

    • Author(s)
      Kenji Takahashi
    • Organizer
      14th Tihany Symposium on Radiation Chemistry,
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic made from Thermoplastic Cellulose Resin2019

    • Author(s)
      Kenji Takahashi
    • Organizer
      2nd Asian-French Workshop on Polymer Science (AFWPS 2019)
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Polymer reaction of Cellulose in ionic liquids and formation of high performance thermoplastic for Carbon fiber reinforced plastic2019

    • Author(s)
      Kenji Takahashi
    • Organizer
      International Congress on Advanced Materials Sciences and Engineering(AMSE)
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Chemical Modification of Plasticized Lignins Using Reactive Extrusion2019

    • Author(s)
      Romain Milotskyi, Laszlo Szabo, Kenji Takahashi, Christophe Bliard
    • Organizer
      1st International Lignin Symposium in Sapporo
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Quantitative analysis of native reactive functional groups on carbon fiber surface for high performance CFRP2019

    • Author(s)
      Kenji Takahashi
    • Organizer
      9th East Asia Symposium on Functional Dyes and Advanced Materials (EAS9)
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 二軸混練押出機とイオン液体触媒を用いたリグノセルロースの連続的エステル化反応2019

    • Author(s)
      坂田金太郎, 玄田雅志, 廣瀬大祐, 和田直樹, 瀧健太郎, 高橋憲司
    • Organizer
      プラスチック成形加工学会 第30回年次大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 天然精油含有アルデヒド成分とセルロースを用いる直接的完全バイオベースポリマー合成2019

    • Author(s)
      廣瀬大祐, Samuel Kusuma, 伊奈大希, 和田直樹, 高橋憲司
    • Organizer
      セルロース学会第26回年次大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 酢酸テトラブチルアンモニウムの触媒作用を利用したセルロースナノファイバーのエステル化2019

    • Author(s)
      城谷恭弥, 和田直樹, 高橋憲司
    • Organizer
      第68回高分子討論会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 熱安定化剤添加による熱可塑性セルロースエステルの成形温度領域の拡大2019

    • Author(s)
      藤江哲夫, 廣瀬大祐, 高橋憲司, 上田久偉, 附木貴行, 山下博, 鵜澤潔
    • Organizer
      プラスチック成型加工学会 第27回秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] イオン液体を用いたリグニンのエステル交換反応:副反応の抑制と主反応の促進2019

    • Author(s)
      鈴木栞, 石黒明成, 廣瀬大祐, 高橋憲司
    • Organizer
      第10回イオン液体討論会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Polymer reaction of cellulose in ionic liquids as catalysts2018

    • Author(s)
      Kenji Takahashi
    • Organizer
      5th French-Brazilian Meeting on Polymers
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Homogeneous esterification of cellulose with a methyl ester in an imidazolium carboxylate ionic liquid2018

    • Author(s)
      Samuel Kusuma, Shuhei Nomura, Makoto Yamaguchi, Daisuke Hirose, Yoshiro Yasaka, Kenji Takahashi
    • Organizer
      The 6th Asian-Pacific Conference on ionic Liquids& Green Processes (APCIL6)
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] One-pot conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into flexible and good thermal processable plastics2018

    • Author(s)
      Shiori Suzuki, Yosuke Hamano, Stephanie C. Hernandez, Naoki Wada, Kenji Takahashi
    • Organizer
      The 6th Asian-Pacific Conference on ionic Liquids& Green Processes (APCIL6)
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Dual catalytic activity of an ionic liquid in lignin acetylation and deacetylation2018

    • Author(s)
      Kenji Takahashi, Shiori Suzuki
    • Organizer
      Gordon Research Conference
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] CFRP composites made from thermoplastic resin derived from cellulose: Chemical design targeting enhanced fiber-resin adhesion, European conference on composite material2018

    • Author(s)
      Yoshiro Yasaka, Rina Hoshino, Osuke Ishida, Jyunichi Kitada, Kiyoshi Uzawa, Kenji Takahashi
    • Organizer
      European conference on composite material, ECCM18
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] イオン液体を用いたリグノセルロース系バイオマスの均一系エステル交換反応ー機能性リグノセルロースプラスチックの開発ー2018

    • Author(s)
      鈴木栞, 引田響, Stephanie C. Hernandez, 浜野洋輔, 和田直樹, 高橋憲司
    • Organizer
      第69回日本木材学会大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] イオン液体の触媒機能を用いたセルロースのエステル交換反応2018

    • Author(s)
      廣瀬大祐, 野村周平, 丸山千恵, Kusuma Samuel, 高橋憲司
    • Organizer
      第67回高分子討論会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] クラフトリグニンの分子内エステル交換反応を利用した脂肪族性水酸基の迅速な選択的アセチル化2018

    • Author(s)
      鈴木栞, 倉知志門, 和田直樹, 高橋憲司
    • Organizer
      第69回日本木材学会大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] イオン液体触媒による脂肪族および芳香族性リグニン水酸基の選択的エステル交換反応2018

    • Author(s)
      鈴木栞, 倉知志門, 和田直樹, 高橋憲司
    • Organizer
      第9回イオン液体討論会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] リグノセルロース系バイオマスの直接誘導体化による加工性に優れたバイオマスプラスチックの開発2018

    • Author(s)
      鈴木栞, Stephanie Hernandez, 浜野洋輔, 和田直樹, 高橋 憲司
    • Organizer
      第67回高分子討論会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 研究室ホームページ

    • URL

      https://ktlabo.w3.kanazawa-u.ac.jp/

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 研究室ホームページ

    • URL

      http://ktlabo.w3.kanazawa-u.ac.jp/Kenji_Takahashi_Labo/Welcome.html

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Patent(Industrial Property Rights)] 多糖類エステル化物の製造方法2019

    • Inventor(s)
      廣瀨大祐 玄田雅志 和田直樹 瀧健太郎 高橋憲司 松村裕之
    • Industrial Property Rights Holder
      廣瀨大祐 玄田雅志 和田直樹 瀧健太郎 高橋憲司 松村裕之
    • Industrial Property Rights Type
      特許
    • Filing Date
      2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Overseas
  • [Patent(Industrial Property Rights)] 多糖類のシリルエーテル化物の製造方法2019

    • Inventor(s)
      廣瀬大祐 サムエル クスマ 和田直樹 高橋憲司 松村裕之
    • Industrial Property Rights Holder
      廣瀬大祐 サムエル クスマ 和田直樹 高橋憲司 松村裕之
    • Industrial Property Rights Type
      特許
    • Filing Date
      2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Overseas
  • [Patent(Industrial Property Rights)] 多糖類誘導体の製造方法、及びリグニン誘導体の製造方法2019

    • Inventor(s)
      廣瀬大祐, サムエル・クスマ, 丸山千恵, 和田直樹, 高橋憲司
    • Industrial Property Rights Holder
      金沢大学
    • Industrial Property Rights Type
      特許
    • Industrial Property Number
      2019-043063
    • Filing Date
      2019
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Patent(Industrial Property Rights)] 多糖類誘導体の製造方法、及びリグニン誘導体の製造方法2019

    • Inventor(s)
      廣瀬大祐, サムエル・クスマ, 伊奈大希, 和田直樹, 高橋憲司
    • Industrial Property Rights Holder
      金沢大学
    • Industrial Property Rights Type
      特許
    • Industrial Property Number
      2019-042767
    • Filing Date
      2019
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Patent(Industrial Property Rights)] リグノセルロース系バイオマス由来の複合材料及びその製造方法2018

    • Inventor(s)
      鈴木栞, ステファニー, 引田響, 浜野洋輔, 高橋憲司
    • Industrial Property Rights Holder
      金沢大学
    • Industrial Property Rights Type
      特許
    • Industrial Property Number
      2018-159416
    • Filing Date
      2018
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2023-01-30  

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