Diversity, function and response of soil microorganisms in a rapidly changing Arctic tundra ecosystem

• Project/Area Number: 18H03413
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 64040:Social-ecological systems-related
• Research Institution: National Institute of Polar Research
• Principal Investigator: Uchida Masaki 国立極地研究所, 国際北極環境研究センター, 准教授 (70370096)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 大園 享司 同志社大学, 理工学部, 教授 (90335307) ; 森 章 横浜国立大学, 大学院環境情報研究院, 教授 (90505455)
• Project Period (FY): 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
• Budget Amount: ¥17,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,990,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥5,590,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,290,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥5,980,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,380,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥5,720,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,320,000)
• Keywords: 極地 / 極域

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Soil bacterial community diversity and function were investigated from a site near the eastern Canadian forest limit (KW, 55°N) to a site where tundra prevails (PI, 72°N) and a site midway between the two sites (SAL, 62°N). Bacterial communities at Sal were the most diverse and the least diverse in the KW. The bacteria community structure was the most distinct between Sal and KW. The functional gene contents involved in key biogeochemical cycles were different at the three sites. The results have shown that there were different bacterial communities thriving at each latitude. Additionally, the functional gene from the active fraction of the bacteria community also showed significant latitudinal differences and this includes some of the genes that are involved in the biogeochemical cycling. This shows that the response of bacterial community to the Arctic warming as well as their contribution to the biogeochemical cycle in the Arctic region are happening at a finer latitudinal scale.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

北極域ツンドラ生態系における土壌微生物の多様性や生態系における機能は未解明の部分が多く、学術的解明が急がれている。本研究は緯度の違いを利用して温度環境の異なるカナダ北極域で土壌微生物の多様性と機能について遺伝子の側面から明らかにした。
土壌細菌群集の多様性と機能については、温度環境との間に明瞭な関係は認められなかったことから、温暖化に対する土壌細菌群集の応答はそれぞれの場所により異なることが示唆され、生態系の保全方法に有益な情報を提供した。また、本研究実施のために解析した細菌群集のデータは、今後の温暖化などの環境変化によって細菌群集がどのように変化するのかを知るための貴重な基礎データとなった。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] ケベック大学/ラバル大学/トロント大学(カナダ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] ケベック大学/ラバル大学/トロント大学(カナダ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Laval University/Quebec University(カナダ)
• [Journal Article] The contribution of intraspecific trait variation to changes in functional community structure along a stress gradient (2022)
  • Author(s): Kitagawa Ryo、Masumoto Shota、Kaneko Ryo、Uchida Masaki、Mori Akira S.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Vegetation Science Volume: 33
  • DOI: 10.1111/jvs.13112
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Glacier Retreat Results in Loss of Fungal Diversity (2022)
  • Author(s): Tsuji Masaharu、Vincent Warwick F.、Tanabe Yukiko、Uchida Masaki
  • Journal Title: Sustainability Volume: 14 Pages: 1617-1617
  • DOI: 10.3390/su14031617
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Soil Microbial Composition and Diversity in the Low Arctic Tundra of Salluit (2021)
  • Author(s): (1)Wong, S.K, Kaneko, R., Masumoto, S., Kitagawa, R., Mori, A.S., Uchida, M.
  • Journal Title: Polar Data Journal Volume: 5 Pages: 54-59
  • DOI: 10.20575/00000026
  • NAID: 120007001112
  • ISSN: 2432-6771
  • URL: http://id.nii.ac.jp/1434/00000026/
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Plant species and biomass, soil respiration, soil environment data on Whapmagoostui-Kuujjuarapik, Quebec, Canada (2021)
  • Author(s): (2)Masumoto, S., Kitagawa, R., Nishizawa, K., Kaneko, R., Osono, T., Hasegawa, M., Iimura, Y., Mori, A.S., Uchida, M.
  • Journal Title: Polar Data Journal Volume: 5 Pages: 80-88
  • DOI: 10.20575/00000029
  • NAID: 120007046139
  • ISSN: 2432-6771
  • URL: http://id.nii.ac.jp/1434/00000029/
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Functionally explicit partitioning of plant β-diversity reveal soil fungal assembly in the subarctic tundra (2021)
  • Author(s): Masumoto Shota、Kitagawa Ryo、Nishizawa Keita、Kaneko Ryo、Osono Takashi、Hasegawa Motohiro、Matsuoka Shunsuke、Uchida Masaki、Mori Akira S
  • Journal Title: FEMS Microbiology Ecology Volume: 97
  • DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiab129
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Vishniacozyma ellesmerensis sp. nov., a psychrophilic yeast isolated from a retreating glacier in the Canadian High Arctic (2019)
  • Author(s): Tsuji Masaharu、Tanabe Yukiko、Vincent Warwick F.、Uchida Masaki
  • Journal Title: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Volume: 69 Pages: 696-700
  • DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003206
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Mrakia hoshinonis sp. nov., a novel psychrophilic yeast isolated from a retreating glacier on Ellesmere Island in the Canadian High Arctic (2019)
  • Author(s): Tsuji Masaharu、Tanabe Yukiko、Vincent Warwick F.、Uchida Masaki
  • Journal Title: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Volume: 69 Pages: 944-948
  • DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003216
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Microfungi associated with Antarctic and Arctic moss profiles (2021)
  • Author(s): Osono, T., Hobara, S., Hirose, D., Uchida, M.
  • Organizer: The 12th Symposium on Polar Science
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Proposal for a new fungus genus isolated from Ellesmere Island, Canadian High Arctic. (2021)
  • Author(s): Tsuji, M., Tanabe, Y., Vincent, W., Uchida, M.
  • Organizer: The 12th Symposium on Polar Science
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Soil bacterial diversity and function in the Canadian Arctic. (2021)
  • Author(s): Wong, S.-K., Kaneko, R., Uchida, M.
  • Organizer: The 12th Symposium on Polar Science
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Soil microbial functions at the Canadian sub-Arctic. (2020)
  • Author(s): Uchida M., Wong S.K., Kaneko R.
  • Organizer: Colloque annuel du CEN 2020
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Fungal diversity in a forest-tundra ecotone in Canadian Low Arctic. (2020)
  • Author(s): Matsuoka S., Doi H., Masumoto S., Kitagawa R., Nishizawa K., Tanaka K., Hasegawa M., Osono T., Hobara S., Mori A.S.
  • Organizer: Sixth International Symposium on Arctic Research
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of fungi in a forest-tundra ecotone in Quebec. (2019)
  • Author(s): Osono M., Matsuoka S., Doi H., Masumoto S., Kitagawa R., Nishizawa K., Tanaka K., Hasegawa M., Hobara S., Mori A., Uchida M.
  • Organizer: The 10th Symposium on Polar Science
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] A preliminary study of microbial function in the soil at Canadian sub-Arctic. (2019)
  • Author(s): Uchida M., Kaneko R.
  • Organizer: The 10th Symposium on Polar Science
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Effect of plant community structure on soil respiration of tundra ecosystem through multiple ecosystem functions in Canadian Arctic. (2018)
  • Author(s): Masumoto, S., Kitagawa, R., Kaneko, R., Nishizawa, K., Iimura, Y., Osono, T., Hasegawa, M., Uchida M., Mori, A.S.
  • Organizer: ArcticNet, Arctic Scientific Meeting 2018
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Change in multi-taxa communities along an environmental gradient in the Canadian subarctic tundra. (2018)
  • Author(s): Kitagawa, R., Kaneko, R., Hasegawa, M., Matsuoka, S., Masumoto, S., Nishizawa, K., Osono, T., Uchida, M., Mori, A.S.
  • Organizer: ArcticNet, Arctic Scientific Meeting 2018
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Fungal diversity on a retreating glacier area on Ellesmere Island in the Canadian High Arctic. (2018)
  • Author(s): Tsuji, M., Tanabe, Y., Vincent W.F., Uchida M.
  • Organizer: The 9th Symposium on Polar Science
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Soil bacterial communities and environments in the Canadian subarctic tundra. (2018)
  • Author(s): Kaneko, R., Kitagawa, R., Nishizawa, K., Mori, A.S., Masumoto, S., Uetake, J., Tsuji, M., Uchida, M.
  • Organizer: The 9th Symposium on Polar Science
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Bacterial communities and diversities in tundra soils from Canadian Arctic. (2018)
  • Author(s): Kaneko, R., Kitagawa, R., Nishizawa, K., Mori, A.S., Masumoto, S., Uetake, J., Tsuji, M., Uchida, M.
  • Organizer: ArcticNet, Arctic Scientific Meeting 2018
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Assessment of fungal diversity on plant litter in a subarctic tundra. (2018)
  • Author(s): Osono, T., Tanaka K., Matsuoka S., Kitagawa R., Masumoto, S., Nishizawa, K., Hasegawa, M., Uchida, M., Mori, A.S.
  • Organizer: The 9th Symposium on Polar Science
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Book] Diversity and Ecology of Fungi in Polar Region: Comparisons between Arctic and Antarctic Plant Remains. (2019)
  • Author(s): Osono T., Matsuoka S., Hobara S., Hirose D., Uchida M.
  • Total Pages: 152
  • Publisher: CRC Press
  • ISBN: 9781138089709
• [Remarks] 研究活動紹介
  • URL: https://www.instagram.com/mu_arctic/
• [Remarks] 研究活動概要
  • URL: https://researchmap.jp/m_uchida
• [Remarks] 高緯度北極ツンドラ生態系に及ぼす気候変動の影響
  • URL: https://www.researchinsvalbard.no/project/6256
• [Remarks] 国立極地研究所陸上生物研究チーム
  • URL: http://polaris.nipr.ac.jp/~penguin/Terrestrial/index.php
• [Remarks] リサーチマップ
  • URL: https://researchmap.jp/m_uchida
• [Remarks] 北極圏ツンドラ
  • URL: http://akkym.net/about/arctic/
• [Funded Workshop] Functions of the Arctic Tundra Ecosystem Under Rapid Environmental Change (2018)