| Project/Area Number |
18K05610
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 39030:Horticultural science-related
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| Research Institution | Yamagata University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
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| Keywords | つやなし果 / ホウ素 / 摘葉 / オーキシン / トマト / マイクロクラッキング / クチクラ / 剛性 / エピクチクラワックス / ホウ酸 / 果実肥大 / 蒸散 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
"Tsuyanashi-ka" of tomato fruit is a micro-cracking occurred on the cuticle layer of the epidermal layer. Micro-cracked fruit increases transpiration from the fruit surface and invasion of micro-organisms, resulting in the shortening of the shelf life. In this study, I found that boron deficient condition induced micro-cracking as well as the non-fertilized fruit, suggesting that the micro-cracking of tomato fruits might be influenced by the fertilization. Therefore, defoliation, application of auxin, and pollination by honey-bees were conducted for inducing the fertilization and seed formation. As the result, these treatments effectively inhibited the occurrence of micro-cracking of tomato fruits.
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
トマトの「つやなし果」は果実表皮のクチクラ層に微細な亀裂が入る生理障害で，亀裂が入った果実は蒸散量が増加し，病原菌の侵入が容易となるため，日持ち性が悪く商品価値を損なう．今回の研究により，ホウ素欠乏条件下でトマトを育てると，「つやなし果」の発生が促進されることを明らかにした．しかし，ホウ素欠乏はトマトの受精や種子形成にも影響することから，摘葉，オーキシン散布，マルハナバチによる授粉といった，果実内のホルモンバランスを変える処理を行ったところ「つやなし果」の発生を抑制することができた．こうした結果は学術的のみならず，商業的な「つやなし果」対策にも対応可能な技術開発に繋がる結果である．
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