A research on density currents entering into water and tsunami generation processes during volcanic eruptions

• Project/Area Number: 19710150
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Research Field: Natural disaster science
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: MAENO Fukashi The University of Tokyo, 地震研究所, 助教 (20444078)
• Project Period (FY): 2007 – 2009
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2009)
• Budget Amount: ¥3,460,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000); Fiscal Year 2009: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000); Fiscal Year 2008: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000); Fiscal Year 2007: ¥1,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000)
• Keywords: 火山噴火 / 津波 / 密度流 / 自然災害 / 地質学 / 堆積学 / 地球物理学 / 防災 / 火山

Research Abstract

Physical parameters controlling a scale of tsunami generated by a density current entering sea during volcanic eruptions and a behavior of the density current were examined with laboratory and numerical experiments considering two-layer models. A scale of tsunami is mainly controlled by a flux of density currents, and a behavior of density currents is affected by a bottom friction force of the currents. Application of two-layer models to the 1883 Krakatau eruption and the results suggest that a pyroclastic flow entering into the sea is more plausible mechanism of the huge tsunami during this eruption. The methods and models using this research will be helpful for future studies on volcanogenic tsunamis.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] 海底カルデラ-巨大噴火ジオハザード-(総特集IODPの将来のテーマ-IODP第二期にむけた日本版白書より) (2010)
  • Author(s): 前野深
  • Journal Title: 月刊地球 32 Pages: 89-93
  • NAID: 40016977252
• [Journal Article] 海底カルデラ-巨大噴火ジオハザード- (2010)
  • Author(s): 前野深
  • Journal Title: 月刊地球 32 Pages: 1-5
• [Journal Article] Exploration into unprecedented volcanic catastrophes in the ocean: unveiling impact of gigantic caldera-forming eruption. (2009)
  • Author(s): Maeno, F., Yokose, H., Kimura, J-I., Shimano, T., participants of the Geohazard domestic workshop
  • Journal Title: INVEST White Paper Pages: 7-7
  • NAID: 40016977252
• [Journal Article] Sedimentation and welding processes of dilute pyroclastic density currents and fallout during a large-scale silicic eruption, Kikai caldera (2009)
  • Author(s): Maeno, F., Taniguchi, H.
  • Journal Title: Japan. Sedimentary Geology 220 Pages: 227-242
• [Journal Article] 大規模珪長質マグマ噴火におけるカルデラ形成のダイナミクス. (2009)
  • Author(s): 前野深
  • Journal Title: 火山 54 Pages: 113-121
  • NAID: 110007333919
• [Journal Article] Sedimentation and welding processes of dilute pyroclastic density currents and fallouts during a large-scale silicic eruption, Kikai caldera, Japan (2009)
  • Author(s): Maeno, F., Taniguchi, H.
  • Journal Title: Sedimentary Geology 220 Pages: 227-242
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 大規模珪長質マグマ噴火におけるカルデラ形成のダイナミクス (2009)
  • Author(s): 前野深
  • Journal Title: 火山 54 Pages: 113-121
  • NAID: 110007333919
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Intraplate magmatism related to deceleration of upwelling asthenospheric mantle : implications from the Changbaishan shield basalts, northeast China (2009)
  • Author(s): Kuritani, T., Kimura, J.-I., Miyamoto, T., Wei, H., Shimano, T., Maeno, F., Jin, X., Taniguchi, H
  • Journal Title: Lithos 112 Pages: 247-258
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Numerical investigations of tsunamis generated by pyroclastic flows from the Kikai caldera, Japan. (2007)
  • Author(s): Maeno, F., Imamura, F.
  • Journal Title: Geophysical Research Letter 34
• [Journal Article] Spatiotemporal evolution of a marine caldera-forming eruption, generating a low-aspect ratio pyroclastic flow, 7. 3 ka, Kikai caldera, Japan: implication from near-vent eruptive deposits. (2007)
  • Author(s): Maeno, F., Taniguchi, H.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 167 Pages: 212-238
• [Journal Article] Spatiotemporal evolution of a marine caldera-forming eruption, generating a low-aspect ratio pyroclastic flow, 7.3 ka, Kikai caldera, Japan: implication from near-vent eruptive deposits. (2007)
  • Author(s): Maeno, F. and Taniguchi, H.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 167 Pages: 212-238
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Numerical investigations of tsunamis generated by pyroclastic flows from the Kikai caldera, Japan. (2007)
  • Author(s): Maeno, F. and Imamura, F.
  • Journal Title: Geophysical Research Letter 34
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 超巨大噴火とスーパー・ボルケーノ (2007)
  • Author(s): S. Blake, S. Self.(翻訳:前野 深)
  • Journal Title: 科学 77 Pages: 1293-1297
• [Presentation] Numerical investigation of pyroclastic flow and tsunami during the 1883 Krakatau eruption, Indonesia. (2010)
  • Author(s): Maeno, F., Imamura, F.
  • Organizer: Cities on Volcano 6
  • Place of Presentation: Tenerife, Spain
  • Year and Date: 2010-05-31
• [Presentation] 1883年クラカタウ火山噴火における火砕流と津波の数値実験 (2009)
  • Author(s): 前野深・今村文彦
  • Organizer: 日本火山学会秋季大会
  • Place of Presentation: 神奈川・小田原
  • Year and Date: 2009-10-12
• [Presentation] 海域での大規模噴火に伴う火砕流・カルデラ陥没・津波によるインパクト-1883年クラカタウ噴火と7. 3 ka鬼界カルデラ噴火の例- (2009)
  • Author(s): 前野深・今村文彦
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2009年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 千葉・幕張
  • Year and Date: 2009-05-27
• [Presentation] 海域での大規模噴火に伴う火砕流・カルデラ陥没・津波によるインパクト-1883年クラカタウ噴火と7.3ka鬼界カルデラ噴火の例- (2009)
  • Author(s): 前野深・今村文彦
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2009年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 千葉・幕張
  • Year and Date: 2009-05-27
• [Presentation] 1883年クラカタウ火山噴火における津波の発生過程-火砕流流入モデルによる検討- (2009)
  • Author(s): 前野深・今村文彦
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2009年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 千葉・幕張
  • Year and Date: 2009-05-25
• [Presentation] 浅間山2009年2月2日噴火における火山灰の分布・重量・構成物の特徴 (2009)
  • Author(s): 前野深・鈴木由希・中田節也・小山悦郎・金子隆之・藤井敏嗣・宮村淳一・鬼澤真也・長井雅史
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2009年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 千葉・幕張
  • Year and Date: 2009-05-23
• [Presentation] 水より軽い火砕物密度流により津波は発生するか? (2008)
  • Author(s): 前野深・今村文彦
  • Organizer: 日本火山学会秋季大会
  • Place of Presentation: 岩手・岩手大学
  • Year and Date: 2008-10-13
• [Presentation] 鬼界カルデラにおける7. 3 ka噴火のダイナミクスとマグマ溜り (2008)
  • Author(s): 前野深
  • Organizer: 日本鉱物科学会
  • Place of Presentation: 秋田・秋田大学
  • Year and Date: 2008-09-22
• [Presentation] 鬼界カルデラにおける7.3ka噴火のダイナミクスとマグマ溜り (2008)
  • Author(s): 前野深
  • Organizer: 日本鉱物科学会
  • Place of Presentation: 秋田・秋田大学
  • Year and Date: 2008-09-22
• [Presentation] Impacts of pyroclastic density currents entering sea and tsunami generation processes in coastal/marine explosive eruptions. (2008)
  • Author(s): Maeno, F., Imamura, F.
  • Organizer: International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth Interior (IAVCEI) General Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Iceland University, Reykjavik, Iceland
  • Year and Date: 2008-08-19
• [Presentation] Impacts of pyroclastic density currents entering sea and tsunami generation processes in coastal/marine explosive eruptions (2008)
  • Author(s): Maeno, F. and Imamura, F.
  • Organizer: International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth Interior(IAVCEI)General Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: アイスランド大学Revkjavik, Iceland
  • Year and Date: 2008-08-19
• [Presentation] 海に流入する火砕流とそれに伴い発生する津波の振る舞い (2008)
  • Author(s): 前野深・今村文彦
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2008年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 千葉・幕張
  • Year and Date: 2008-05-26
• [Presentation] Numerical investigations of tsunamis generated by pyroclastic flows from the Kikai caldera, Japan. (2007)
  • Author(s): Maeno, F., Imamura, F., Taniguchi, H.
  • Organizer: Cities on Volcanoes
  • Place of Presentation: Shimabara, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2007-11-20
• [Presentation] Numerical investigations of tsunamis generated by pyroclastic flows from the Kikai caldera, Japan. (2007)
  • Author(s): Maeno, F., Imamura, F., Taniguchi, H.
  • Organizer: Cities on Volcanoes 5
  • Place of Presentation: Shimabara, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2007-11-20
• [Presentation] Evolution of a marine caldera-forming eruption, generating a low-aspect ratio pyroclastic flow, 7. 3 ka, Kikai caldera, Japan (2007)
  • Author(s): Maeno, F., Taniguchi, H.
  • Organizer: implication from near-vent eruptive deposits, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics
  • Place of Presentation: Perugia, Italy
  • Year and Date: 2007-07-07
• [Presentation] Evolution of a marine caldera-forming eruption, generating a low-aspect ratio pyroclastic flow, 7.3 ka, Kikai caldera, Japan:implication from near-vent eruptive deposits. (2007)
  • Author(s): Maeno, F. and Taniguchi, H.
  • Organizer: International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics
  • Place of Presentation: Perugia, Italy
  • Year and Date: 2007-07-07
• [Presentation] Near-vent sedimentation processes during a plinian phase of a marine caldera-forming eruption, Kikai volcano, Japan. (2007)
  • Author(s): 前野深・谷口宏充
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2007年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 千葉・幕張
  • Year and Date: 2007-05-21
• [Presentation] Near-vent sedimentation processes during a plinian phase of a marine caldera-forming eruption, Kikai volcano, Japan (2007)
  • Author(s): 前野 深・谷口宏充
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2007年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 千葉・幕張
  • Year and Date: 2007-05-21
• [Book] 火山爆発に迫る-噴火メカニズムの解明と火山災害の軽減- (2009)
  • Author(s): 今村文彦・前野深
  • Publisher: 東京大学出版会
• [Book] 第3章6節 火山性津波.「火山爆発に迫る-噴火メカニズムの解明と火山災害の軽減-(井田喜明・谷口宏充編)」 (2009)
  • Author(s): 今村文彦・前野深
  • Publisher: 東京大学出版会
• [Book] 第3章6節火山性津波. 「火山爆発に迫る-噴火メカニズムの解明と火山災害の軽減-, 井田喜明・谷口宏充編」 (2009)
  • Author(s): 今村文彦・前野深
  • Total Pages: 225
  • Publisher: 東京大学出版会
• [Remarks] 2008年5月27日「2008年度日本火山学会研究奨励賞」受賞
  • URL: http://www.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/KOHO/STAFF2/fmaeno.html
• [Remarks] 2008年8月19日「国際火山学及び地球内部化学協会(IAVCEI) George Walker Award」受賞
• [Remarks]
  • URL: http://www.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/KOHO/STAFF2/fmaeno.html
• [Remarks] 2008年5月27日「2008年度日本火山学会研究奨励賞」受賞
  • URL: http://www.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/KOHO/STAFF2/fmaeno.html
• [Remarks] 2008年8月19目「国際火山学及び地球内部化学協会(IAVCEI)George Walker Award」受賞
• [Remarks]
  • URL: http://www.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/KOHO/STAFF2/fmaeno.html