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The provenance and manufacturing processes of Mesopotamian clay tablets

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19H01361
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 03060:Cultural assets study-related
Research InstitutionOsaka Gakuin University

Principal Investigator

Watanabe Chikako  大阪学院大学, 国際学部, 教授 (40290233)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 小口 千明  埼玉大学, 理工学研究科, 准教授 (20312803)
辻 彰洋  独立行政法人国立科学博物館, 植物研究部, 研究主幹 (40356267)
申 基チョル  総合地球環境学研究所, 研究基盤国際センター, 准教授 (50569283)
岡田 保良  国士舘大学, イラク古代文化研究所, 研究員 (90115808)
安間 了  徳島大学, 大学院社会産業理工学研究部(理工学域), 教授 (70311595)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥17,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,990,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥3,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥780,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥3,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥780,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥3,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥780,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥5,850,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,350,000)
Keywords粘土板分析 / メソポタミア / 堆積物分析 / 微化石 / 非破壊分析 / 粘土板胎土 / 微化石分析 / 産地同定 / 胎土分析 / 粘土板 / 堆積土
Outline of Research at the Start

本研究は、メソポタミアで使われた粘土板文書を科学的に分析することにより、粘土板文書の産地同定に挑戦する。粘土板胎土に含まれる微化石分析ならびに化学組成分析を行うことで、胎土ごとに異なる化学的・生物的特徴を明らかにする。また粘土素材の由来を明らかにするため、考古学・文献研究をあわせて行い、粘土板製作のプロセスを明らかにする。粘土板胎土のデータベースを構築することで、由来不明・出土地不明の粘土板・書簡の帰属場所を科学的に推定し、イラクにおける遺跡破壊・盗掘・略奪行為によって出所不明となった多数の粘土板の復元・同定方法を探る。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study aimed to gain data to help understand the provenience and the manufacturing process of clay tablets in ancient Mesopotamia. Since the process of making tablets, such as the origin of the source material, is not much known, we compared the sediments of the canal, which ran through the ancient site Girsu, with the clay used for tablets. Non-destructive on-site chemical analysis of tablets by pXRF raised questions on data accuracy influenced by surface condition, porosity, moisture content, etc., which should be verified by applying different techniques. Diatoms and sponges were examined in the canal sediments of Girsu using an optical microscope and SEM. Diatoms discovered were those living in freshwater, while the identification of the species of sponges needs further investigation.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

新型コロナのパンデミックによる様々な困難と制約の中、これまでに築き上げたイギリス・オーストリア・イラクの研究者たちとの信頼関係に基づく国際共同研究の枠組みで、本研究が粘土板や運河堆積物の学際的研究を継続したことに大きな意義がある。研究のプロセスそのものを国際的に進めたほか、オンラインならびに対面による研究会と国際ワークショップの開催を通じて、国際的な学術交流に貢献した。本研究を通して明らかにした粘土板分析の可能性と精度についての新たな課題は、今後同じような研究を行う際の指標となることが期待され、大きな学術的意義を有する。

Report

(6 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Annual Research Report
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (42 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (20 results) Journal Article (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 3 results,  Open Access: 3 results) Presentation (13 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 5 results,  Invited: 8 results) Book (3 results) Funded Workshop (2 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] The British Museum/University College London/The Ashmolean Museum(英国)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] The University of Vienna/Vienna University of Technology (TUW)/BOKU(オーストリア)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Aarhus University(デンマーク)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] The University of Al-Qadisiyah/Slemani Museum(イラク)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] The British Museum/University College London/The Ashmolean Museum(英国)

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Vienna(オーストリア)

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Aarhus(デンマーク)

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Al-Qadisiyah/Slemani Museum(イラク)

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] The British Museum/University College London/The Ashmolean Museum(英国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] The University of Vienna(オーストリア)

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] The University of Aarhus(デンマーク)

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] The University of Al-Qadisiyah/Slemani Museum(イラク)

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] The British Museum/University College London/The Ashmolean Museum(英国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] The University of Vienna(オーストリア)

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] The University of Aarhus(デンマーク)

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] The University of Al-Qadisiyah/Slemani Museum(イラク)

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University College London/The Ashmolean Museum/The British Museum(英国)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] The University of Vienna(オーストリア)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] The University of Al-Qadisiyah/Slemani Museum(イラク)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] The University of Aarhus(デンマーク)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 世界遺産でつづる波乱の西アジア史~ヨルダン・シリア・イラク・トルコ・イランの事例から~2022

    • Author(s)
      岡田保良
    • Journal Title

      21世紀アジア学研究

      Volume: 第20号 Pages: 129-151

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 「アッシュルバニパル展(I am Ashurbanipal: King of the World, King of Assyria)」報告2022

    • Author(s)
      渡辺千香子
    • Journal Title

      西アジア考古学

      Volume: 23 Pages: 145-155

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Transfer of the Gomphoneis tetrastigmata species complex and related taxa to the genus Gomphonella (Bacillariophyceae)2020

    • Author(s)
      Tuji, A.
    • Journal Title

      Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science, Series. B

      Volume: 46 Pages: 65-73

    • NAID

      40022256457

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] “Clay pit, you are the creator of God and man!”: Textual evidence for the sources of raw clay used in Mesopotamia2019

    • Author(s)
      Van Buylaere, G., Watanabe, C. E. and Altaweel, M.
    • Journal Title

      Orient: Journal of Society for the Near Eastern Studies in Japan, Prince of the Orient: Ancient Near Eastern Studies in memory of H.I.H. Prince Takahito Mikasa)

      Volume: Supplement 1 Pages: 175-192

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Water in Mesopotamia: its dual aspects in creation and destruction2023

    • Author(s)
      Chikako E. Watanabe
    • Organizer
      Symposium: Cities and Urbanization in West Asia and Egypt, Shapes, Functions, and Ideology(つくば国際会議場)
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] アッシリアの水利事業について2023

    • Author(s)
      渡辺千香子
    • Organizer
      第66回シュメール研究会(京都大学)
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] メソポタミアの粘土板:テキストと胎土(泥)が語ること2023

    • Author(s)
      渡辺千香子・辻彰洋・安間了・申キチョル
    • Organizer
      第2回 人・モノ・自然シンポジウム(総合地球環境学研究所)
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] メソポタミア氾濫原堆積物と粘土板胎土の元素・同位体比分析2023

    • Author(s)
      安間了・申基澈・齋藤有・横尾頼子・渡辺千香子・辻彰洋
    • Organizer
      第2回人・モノ・自然シンポジウム(総合地球環境学研究所)
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] アッシリアにおけるライオンの狩猟・捕獲・飼育について2022

    • Author(s)
      渡辺千香子
    • Organizer
      第65回シュメール研究会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 「Cultural Heritage Management in the context of international cooperation」2022

    • Author(s)
      岡田保良
    • Organizer
      JICAプロジェクト:パレスチナ自治区「文化遺産の保護」
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Archaeological Management International Cooperation Case Studies2022

    • Author(s)
      岡田保良
    • Organizer
      JSPSカイロ研究連絡センター:JSPSカイロ研究連絡センター懇話会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Clay tablets as containers of data on the palaeoenvironment (Keynote lecture)2022

    • Author(s)
      Chikako E. Watanabe, AkihiroTuji and Ryo Anma
    • Organizer
      Securing Data in Mesopotamia: New technologies for secured cuneiform texts, University of Leiden (Lorentz Center)
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 大英博物館「アッシュルバニパル展」回想2021

    • Author(s)
      渡辺千香子
    • Organizer
      第64回シュメール研究会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] アッシリアの宮殿と石材2021

    • Author(s)
      渡辺千香子
    • Organizer
      第63回日本オリエント学会 企画セッション2:アッシリアにおける中心と周縁の関係性
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] アッシュルバニパルのライオン狩り 北宮殿C室浮彫の解読2020

    • Author(s)
      渡辺千香子
    • Organizer
      筑波大学新学術領域研究(研究領域提案型)A02-計画研究02 第15回研究会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] メソポタミアの初期教会建築とアク・ベシム2020

    • Author(s)
      岡田保良
    • Organizer
      2019年度シルクロード学研究会(帝京大学文化財研究所, 山梨)
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] pXRF analyses on Assyrian sculptures2019

    • Author(s)
      Anma, R., Shin, K.-C., Watanabe, C. E., and Tuji, A.
    • Organizer
      Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2019, Abstracts HTT21-05 (Makuhari, Chiba)
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Book] スレマニ博物館所蔵の楔形文書粘土板胎土の化学組成(山田重郎編「都市文明の本質:古代西アジアにおける都市の発生と変容の学際研究 研究成果報告2022年度」pp.147-152)2023

    • Author(s)
      安間了・申基澈・渡辺千香子・辻彰洋・佐野貴司・齋藤有・中野孝教・横尾頼子・小泉龍人・Altaweel Mark・Marsh Anke・Hama Hashim・Rasheed Kamal・Jotheri Jaafar
    • Total Pages
      318
    • Publisher
      筑波大学
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 世界遺産の日本史(「明治日本の産業革命遺産」pp.335-354分担執筆)2022

    • Author(s)
      岡田保良(共著)佐藤信編
    • Total Pages
      384
    • Publisher
      ちくま書房新書
    • ISBN
      9784480074836
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 中東・オリエント文化事典2020

    • Author(s)
      鈴木薫、近藤二郎、赤堀雅幸、渡辺千香子ほか多数
    • Total Pages
      775
    • Publisher
      丸善出版
    • ISBN
      9784621305539
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Funded Workshop] Nineveh: City, Palaces, and Clay Tablets(筑波大学)2023

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Funded Workshop] Displaying Nineveh (online workshop)2021

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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