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Pathological analysis of the mechanism underlying resistance to diabetes controlled by AIRE

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K16613
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 49030:Experimental pathology-related
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokushima

Principal Investigator

MATSUMOTO Minoru  徳島大学, 大学院医歯薬学研究部(医学域), 助教 (30836250)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥480,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥480,000)
KeywordsAIRE / I型糖尿病 / Xcr1陽性樹状細胞 / NOD / Ⅰ型糖尿病 / 糖尿病
Outline of Research at the Start

AIRE(Autoimmune regulator)は自己寛容の成立機構を担う胸腺髄質上皮細胞において発現するが、I型糖尿病モデルであるNOD(non-obese diabetic)マウスにおいて、AIRE遺伝子を過剰に発現させたトランスジェニックマウス(AIRE-Tg)を作製したところ、糖尿病の発症が完全に阻止された。つまり、AIREの過剰発現に伴いⅠ型糖尿病という自己免疫症状が緩和されたことになる。本研究ではこのトランスジェニックマウスにおけるI型糖尿病抵抗性獲得のメカニズムについての解析を通じ、AIREがどのように自己寛容の成立に寄与しているのか解明することを目指す。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The number of patients with type I diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide, but its pathogenesis is still unclear. On the other hand, AIRE is expressed in the medullary epithelial cells of the thymus, and its loss of function results in hereditary autoimmune diseases that target various endocrine organs. Interestingly, additional expression of human AIRE in NOD mice, a mouse model of human type I diabetes, showed complete resistance to the development of diabetes. Experiments utilizing bone marrow transplantation revealed that this diabetic resistance was acquired by bone marrow-derived antigen presenting cells that additionally express AIRE. Furthermore, Xcr1 positive dendritic cells, which play an important role in the presentation of pancreatic beta cell-associated antigens, were revealed to be reduced in response to the level of AIRE expression.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

I型糖尿病の原因究明は、近年の患者数の増加をふまえると、緊急性の高い重要研究課題である。さらに、AIREは単一遺伝子の異常により遺伝性の自己免疫を発症するが、AIREの詳細な機能は未だ完全に解明されたとは言い難い。本研究では、ヒトAIREの付加的な発現に伴って、特定のモデルにおいて糖尿病抵抗性を示すメカニズムを明らかにした。本研究はI型糖尿病の発症およびAIREによる自己寛容成立のメカニズムの双方に焦点を当てた、非常に独自性をもった内容である。さらに、AIREの機能異常に基づく疾患病態の解明は、AIRE欠損症のみならず、他の自己免疫疾患の原因究明にもつながると期待される。

Report

(3 results)
  • 2020 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (4 results)

All 2019

All Journal Article (2 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 2 results,  Open Access: 1 results) Presentation (1 results) Book (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Tissue-specific autoimmunity controlled by Aire in thymic and peripheral tolerance mechanisms2019

    • Author(s)
      Matsumoto Minoru、Tsuneyama Koichi、Morimoto Junko、Hosomichi Kazuyoshi、Matsumoto Mitsuru、Nishijima Hitoshi
    • Journal Title

      International Immunology

      Volume: 32 Issue: 2 Pages: 117-131

    • DOI

      10.1093/intimm/dxz066

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] AIRE - The Autoimmune Regulator2019

    • Author(s)
      Matsumoto Minoru、Nishijima Hitoshi、Morimoto Junko、Tsuneyama Koichi、Matsumoto Mitsuru
    • Journal Title

      eLS

      Volume: 1 Pages: 1-8

    • DOI

      10.1002/9780470015902.a0027281

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] Characterization of Aire-expressing DCs with high-sensitivity and high-fidelity Aire-reporter strain2019

    • Author(s)
      Minoru Matsumoto, Hitoshi Nishijima, Ryuichiro Miyazawa, Junko Morimoto, Koichi Tsuneyama and Mitsuru Matsumoto.
    • Organizer
      第48回日本免疫学会学術集会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Book] Thymus Transcriptome and Cell Biology.2019

    • Author(s)
      Minoru Matsumoto, Pedro M. Rodrigues, Laura Sousa, Koichi Tsuneyama, Mitsuru Matsumoto, Nuno L. Alves
    • Total Pages
      31
    • Publisher
      Springer International Publishing
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report

URL: 

Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2022-01-27  

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