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Correction of Fraud in Disaster Policies

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K21683
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 6:Political science and related fields
Research InstitutionGakushuin University

Principal Investigator

Kentaro Fukumoto  学習院大学, 法学部, 教授 (50272414)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 菊田 恭輔  独立行政法人日本貿易振興機構アジア経済研究所, 地域研究センターアフリカ研究グループ, 研究員 (70865196)
Project Period (FY) 2019-06-28 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥6,240,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,440,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥600,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Keywords災害復旧事業費 / 選挙 / 災害関連死 / 新型コロナウイルス / 休校 / コロナ禍 / 激甚災害 / 被災者生活再建支援 / 認定
Outline of Research at the Start

災害への対処が公金に値するかを市町村が「認定」すると、不正を含む政治的バイアスが入り込む余地がある。具体的には次の3つを検討する。(1)災害復旧事業費の国庫補助率を嵩上げする激甚災害指定の有無が、その前後の選挙におけるその市町村の与党得票率と関連しているかを、選挙間の最大降水量を操作変数として用いて不偏推定する。(2)災害弔慰金の対象となる災害関連死を認定するタイミングが、市町村によってどれほど異なるかを、ノンパラメトリックな生存分析を用いて調べる。(3)住家の被害認定が被災者生活再建支援金の支給条件を満たすか否かが人為的に決められていないかを、回帰不連続デザインによって判断する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

(1) We found that if the annual disaster recovery project expenditure per voter increased from zero to the average (7,704 yen), the ruling party's vote share would increase by 2.8 percentage points in the lower house election and by 5.4 percentage points in the upper house election, respectively. (2) After the Kumamoto earthquake, Kumamoto City and Otsu Town were found to have recognized cases of deaths related to the earthquake earlier, while Mashiki Town and Uki City were found to have done so later. (3) We found no evidence that municipalities that implemented school closures had fewer new cases of COVID-19 than those that did not.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

(1)災害という不幸の結果として、財政支出の増加があると、無意識にかそれを恩義に感じて与党に票を投じる人が増える。(2) データ分析が難しい関連死認定の他の側面(例えば、人数の多寡、認定基準、審査委員の傾向など)についても、市町村による違いがあったのではないだろうか、ということが示唆される。(3)学校の休校の副作用を考えれば、感染症の蔓延に際して、非薬理的対策として学校を休校にするのは、慎重に再検討する必要がある。

Report

(6 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (7 results)

All 2024 2021 2019 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (1 results) Journal Article (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 3 results,  Open Access: 4 results) Presentation (2 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] ハーバード大学(米国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] After a Storm Come Votes: Identifying the Effects of Disaster Relief on Electoral Outcomes2024

    • Author(s)
      Kentaro Fukumoto and Kyosuke Kikuta
    • Journal Title

      Political Behavior

      Volume: - Issue: 4 Pages: 2357-2377

    • DOI

      10.1007/s11109-024-09921-1

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Normal Mode Copulas for Nonmonotonic Dependence2024

    • Author(s)
      Kentaro Fukumoto
    • Journal Title

      Political Analysis

      Volume: - Issue: 4 Pages: 417-430

    • DOI

      10.1017/pan.2023.45

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] No causal effect of school closures in Japan on the spread of COVID-19 in spring 20202021

    • Author(s)
      Fukumoto Kentaro、McClean Charles T.、Nakagawa Kuninori
    • Journal Title

      Nature Medicine

      Volume: 27 Issue: 12 Pages: 2111-2119

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41591-021-01571-8

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] 熊本地震における災害関連死認定の市町村による違い2019

    • Author(s)
      福元健太郎・早坂義弘
    • Journal Title

      学習院大学法学会雑誌

      Volume: 55 Pages: 19-41

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Open Access
  • [Presentation] After a Storm Come Votes: The Electoral Consequences of Disaster Relief2019

    • Author(s)
      Fukumoto, Kentaro, Kyosuke Kikuta, and Masato Yanagi
    • Organizer
      The Northeast Workshop in Japanese Politics
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] After a Storm Come Votes: The Electoral Consequences of Disaster Relief2019

    • Author(s)
      Fukumoto, Kentaro, Kyosuke Kikuta, and Masato Yanagi
    • Organizer
      日本政治学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report

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Published: 2019-07-04   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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