Nano-scale analyses of structures and chemical compositions of ice nucleating particles

• Project/Area Number: 19K21905
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Medium-sized Section 17:Earth and planetary science and related fields
• Research Institution: Japan, Meteorological Research Institute
• Principal Investigator: 足立 光司 気象庁気象研究所, 全球大気海洋研究部, 主任研究官 (90630814)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-06-28 – 2025-03-31
• Project Status: Granted (Fiscal Year 2023)
• Budget Amount: ¥6,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,500,000); Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥480,000)
• Keywords: エアロゾル粒子 / 氷晶核 / 電子顕微鏡分析 / 北極観測 / 航空機観測 / エアロゾル / 顕微鏡分析 / 北極 / 電子顕微鏡 / 冷凍チャンバー / 気候変動 / 凍結実験 / 気候影響

Outline of Research at the Start

地球温暖化などの気候変動メカニズムの理解にとって、氷の粒（氷晶）からなる氷晶雲が不確定要素となっている。このため、高い氷晶核能を持つ粒子がどのような物理化学特性を持ち、どのようなメカニズムで氷を成長させるかの解明は大気科学における挑戦的な研究課題である。本研究では、申請者がこれまで蓄積してきた顕微鏡学的分析技術を組み合わせ、結晶構造、ナノスケールの化学分析を同一粒子に行う革新的な実験手法によって、この謎の解明に取り組む。

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

本研究は氷晶核になりうるエアロゾル粒子を、電子顕微鏡等の個別粒子分析によってその実態を明らかにすることを目標とした。その目標達成のため、氷晶雲やその残渣、また氷晶が生成しやすい環境におけるエアロゾルが採取できる地点において観測を行った。当該年度に北極（ニーオルスン、グリーンランド、船舶観測）、南極（しらせ航海）、山岳（フランス）、航空機観測における試料採取を行った。それらの試料を用いて、例えば北極の観測では氷晶核能と固体エアロゾル粒子の関係、氷晶核能を持つ粒子と季節の関係、雲残渣中の氷晶核粒子などを明らかにした。それらの成果は、Freitas et al. (2023; 2024)やAdachi et al (2023)などの国際誌で報告した。Freitas et al. (2023) では、北極のスバールバル諸島において気温が0度を上回る夏季においてバイオエアロゾルの発生が増え、その結果混層雲における氷晶核雲の生成が促進している可能性を、観測期間中に採取したエアロゾル粒子を電子顕微鏡を使って分析することで明らかにした。また、氷晶核になりうる固体エアロゾル粒子の分析法に関して、その光学特性やサイズを連続的に検出する方法の開発やその実大気への応用を行った（Moteki et al., 2023; Ohata et al., 2023）。 上記の研究成果は、極域を含む実大気においてバイオエアロゾルなどの固体粒子が氷晶核となって機能していることを示す成果である。令和5年度は、特に試料採取に注力したが、令和6年度は令和５年度に採取した試料をさらに解析し、その個別粒子の特徴を明らかにする計画である。

Current Status of Research Progress

2: Research has progressed on the whole more than it was originally planned.

Reason

本研究では関連論文が主著で6本、共著でもNature Communicationsを含む国際雑誌に複数本報告しており、順調に進捗している。また、昨年度は航空機観測や極地観測を増やして、貴重な試料を多く採取することができた。これらの試料を今後解析することで、さらなる成果が期待できる。一方で、本研究課題は当初予定していた研究期間の倍の時間をかけている。これは、延長願いで示したように世界的なパンデミックにより野外観測が制限されたためである。その分として令和5年度に集中した試料採取を行うなど、当初計画の進捗に努めている。そのため、当初計画より時間はかかっているものの順調に成果が出ている。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

今後は、これまでに採取した試料の分析を進めるとともに、氷晶雲を生成する環境での試料の採取に努める。また、観測は他の共同研究者とともに行っており、顕微鏡分析でしか得られない分析結果（バイオエアロゾルの検出など）を提供し、氷晶核能研究の推進を行う。特に、北極での試料採取とその分析は継続して行っており、令和6年度も全シーズンをカバーする試料採取を行う計画である。また、小型チャンバーを用いた環境制御実験も行い、野外観測と室内実験の両方からエアロゾル粒子の氷晶核能実態解明を目指す。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] Stockholm University(スウェーデン)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Stockholm University(スウェーデン)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Stockholm University(スウェーデン)
• [Int'l Joint Research] ストックホルム大学(スウェーデン)
• [Int'l Joint Research] ストックホルム大学(スウェーデン)
• [Journal Article] Microphysical properties of atmospheric soot and organic particles: measurements, modeling, and impacts (2024)
  • Author(s): Li Weijun、Riemer Nicole、Xu Liang、Wang Yuanyuan、Adachi Kouji、Shi Zongbo、Zhang Daizhou、Zheng Zhonghua、Laskin Alexander
  • Journal Title: npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Volume: 7 Issue: 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41612-024-00610-8
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Occurrence, abundance, and formation of atmospheric tarballs from a wide range of wildfires in the western US (2024)
  • Author(s): Adachi, K. Dibb, J. E. Katich, J. M. Schwarz, J. P. Guo, H. Campuzano-Jost, P. Jimenez, J. L. Peischl, J. Holmes, C. D. Crawford, J.
  • Journal Title: EGUsphere Volume: - Pages: 1-30
  • DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-2024-880
  • Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Composition and mixing state of individual aerosol particles from northeast Greenland and Svalbard in the Arctic during spring 2018 (2023)
  • Author(s): Adachi Kouji、Tobo Yutaka、Oshima Naga、Yoshida Atsushi、Ohata Sho、Krejci Radovan、Massling Andreas、Skov Henrik、Koike Makoto
  • Journal Title: Atmospheric Environment Volume: 314 Pages: 120083-120083
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.120083
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Constraining the complex refractive index of black carbon particles using the complex forward-scattering amplitude (2023)
  • Author(s): Moteki Nobuhiro、Ohata Sho、Yoshida Atsushi、Adachi Kouji
  • Journal Title: Aerosol Science and Technology Volume: 57 Issue: 7 Pages: 678-699
  • DOI: 10.1080/02786826.2023.2202243
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] A signature of aged biogenic compounds detected from airborne VOC measurements in the high arctic atmosphere in March/April 2018 (2023)
  • Author(s): Holzinger Rupert、Eppers Oliver、Adachi Kouji、Bozem Heiko、Hartmann Markus、Herber Andreas、Koike Makoto、Millet Dylan B.、Moteki Nobuhiro、Ohata Sho、Stratmann Frank、Yoshida Atsushi
  • Journal Title: Atmospheric Environment Volume: 309 Pages: 119919-119919
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.119919
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Shortwave absorption by wildfire smoke dominated by dark brown carbon (2023)
  • Author(s): Chakrabarty Rajan K.、Shetty Nishit J.、Thind Arashdeep S.、Beeler Payton、Sumlin Benjamin J.、Zhang Chenchong、Liu Pai、Idrobo Juan C.、Adachi Kouji、Wagner Nicholas L.、Schwarz Joshua P.、Ahern Adam、Sedlacek Arthur J.、Lambe Andrew、Daube Conner、Lyu Ming、Liu Chao、Herndon Scott、Onasch Timothy B.、Mishra Rohan
  • Journal Title: Nature Geoscience Volume: 16 Issue: 8 Pages: 683-688
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41561-023-01237-9
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Evaluation of a method to quantify the number concentrations of submicron water-insoluble aerosol particles based on filter sampling and complex forward-scattering amplitude measurements (2023)
  • Author(s): Ohata Sho、Moteki Nobuhiro、Kawanago Hikaru、Tobo Yutaka、Adachi Kouji、Mochida Michihiro
  • Journal Title: Aerosol Science and Technology Volume: 57 Issue: 10 Pages: 1013-1030
  • DOI: 10.1080/02786826.2023.2223387
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Regionally sourced bioaerosols drive high-temperature ice nucleating particles in the Arctic (2023)
  • Author(s): Pereira Freitas Gabriel、Adachi Kouji、Conen Franz、Heslin-Rees Dominic、Krejci Radovan、Tobo Yutaka、Yttri Karl Espen、Zieger Paul
  • Journal Title: Nature Communications Volume: 14 Issue: 1 Pages: 5997-5997
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41696-7
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Identification and particle sizing of submicron mineral dust by using complex forward-scattering amplitude data (2022)
  • Author(s): Yoshida Atsushi、Moteki Nobuhiro、Adachi Kouji
  • Journal Title: Aerosol Science and Technology Volume: Online Issue: 7 Pages: 1-14
  • DOI: 10.1080/02786826.2022.2057839
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Composition and mixing state of Arctic aerosol and cloud residual particles from long-term single-particle observations at Zeppelin Observatory, Svalbard (2022)
  • Author(s): Adachi Kouji、Tobo Yutaka、Koike Makoto、Freitas Gabriel、Zieger Paul、Krejci Radovan
  • Journal Title: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Volume: 22 Issue: 21 Pages: 14421-14439
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-22-14421-2022
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The Ny-Alesund Aerosol Cloud Experiment (NASCENT): Overview and First Results (2022)
  • Author(s): Pasquier J. T.、David R. O.、Freitas G.、Gierens R.、Gramlich Y.、Haslett S.、Li G.、Sch?fer B.、Siegel K.、Wieder J.、Adachi K. et al
  • Journal Title: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Volume: 103 Issue: 11 Pages: E2533-E2558
  • DOI: 10.1175/bams-d-21-0034.1
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Meteoritic materials within sulfate aerosol particles in the troposphere are detected with transmission electron microscopy (2022)
  • Author(s): Adachi Kouji、Oshima Naga、Takegawa Nobuyuki、Moteki Nobuhiro、Koike Makoto
  • Journal Title: Communications Earth and Environment Volume: 3 Issue: 1 Pages: 1-9
  • DOI: 10.1038/s43247-022-00469-8
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Fine Ash‐Bearing Particles as a Major Aerosol Component in Biomass Burning Smoke (2022)
  • Author(s): Adachi Kouji、Dibb Jack E.、Scheuer Eric、Katich Joseph M.、Schwarz Joshua P.、Perring Anne E.、Mediavilla Braden、Guo Hongyu、Campuzano‐Jost Pedro、Jimenez Jose L.、Crawford James、Soja Amber J.、Oshima Naga、Kajino Mizuo、Kinase Takeshi、Kleinman Lawrence、Sedlacek Arthur J.、Yokelson Robert J.、Buseck Peter R.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Volume: 127 Issue: 2 Pages: 1-22
  • DOI: 10.1029/2021jd035657
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Arctic black carbon during PAMARCMiP 2018 and previous aircraft experiments in spring (2021)
  • Author(s): Ohata, S., Koike, M., Yoshida, A., Moteki, N., Adachi, K., Oshima, N., Matsui, H., Eppers, O., Bozem, H., Zanatta, M., and Herber, A. B.
  • Journal Title: Atmos. Chem. Phys. Volume: 21 Issue: 20 Pages: 15861-15881
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-21-15861-2021
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Compositions and mixing states of aerosol particles by aircraft observations in the Arctic springtime, 2018 (2021)
  • Author(s): Adachi Kouji、Oshima Naga、Ohata Sho、Yoshida Atsushi、Moteki Nobuhiro、Koike Makoto
  • Journal Title: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Volume: 21 Issue: 5 Pages: 3607-3626
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-21-3607-2021
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Comparison of three aerosol representations of NHM-Chem (v1.0) for the simulations of air quality and climate-relevant variables. (2021)
  • Author(s): Kajino, M., Deushi, M., Sekitama, T., T., Oshima, N., Yumimoto, K., Tanaka, T., Y., Ching, J., Hashimoto, A., Yamamoto, T., Ikegami, M., Kamada, A., Miyashita, M., Inomata, Y., Shima, S., Khatri, P., Shimizu, A., Irie, H., Adachi, K., Zaizen, Y., Igarashi, Y., Ueda, H., Maki, T., Mikami, M,
  • Journal Title: Geoscientific Model Development Volume: 14 Issue: 4 Pages: 2235-2264
  • DOI: 10.5194/gmd-14-2235-2021
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] SIGMA及び関連プロジェクトによるグリーンランド氷床上の大気・雪氷・雪氷微生物研究 (2021)
  • Author(s): 10.青木輝夫, 的場澄人, 庭野匡思, 朽木勝幸, 谷川朋範, 竹内望, 山口悟, 本山秀明, 藤田耕史, 山崎哲秀, 飯塚芳徳, 堀雅裕, 島田利元, 植竹淳, 永塚尚子, 大沼友貴彦, 橋本明弘, 石元裕史, 田中泰宙, 大島長, 梶野瑞王, 足立光司, 黒﨑豊, 杉山慎, 津滝俊, 東久美子, 八久保晶弘, 川上薫, 木名瀨健
  • Journal Title: 雪氷 Volume: 83 Pages: 169-191
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Wintertime Airborne Measurements of Ice Nucleating Particles in the High Arctic: A Hint to a Marine, Biogenic Source for Ice Nucleating Particles (2020)
  • Author(s): Hartmann M.、Adachi K.、Eppers O.、Haas C.、Herber A.、Holzinger R.、H?nerbein A.、J?kel E.、Jentzsch C.、Pinxteren M.、Wex H.、Willmes S.、Stratmann F.
  • Journal Title: Geophysical Research Letters Volume: 47 Issue: 13
  • DOI: 10.1029/2020gl087770
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Mixing State of Black Carbon Particles in Asian Outflow Observed at a Remote Site in Taiwan in the Spring of 2017 (2020)
  • Author(s): Sun Cuizhi、Adachi Kouji、Misawa Kentaro、Cheung Hing Cho、Chou Charles C.‐K.、Takegawa Nobuyuki
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Volume: 125 Issue: 16
  • DOI: 10.1029/2020jd032526
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Enhanced new particle formation above the marine boundary layer over the Yellow Sea: Potential impacts on cloud condensation nuclei (2020)
  • Author(s): Takegawa, N., T. Seto, N. Moteki, M. Koike, N. Oshima, K. Adachi, K. Kita, A. Takami, and Y. Kondo
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Volume: 125 Issue: 9 Pages: 1-17
  • DOI: 10.1029/2019jd031448
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Detection of Aerosol Particles from Siberian Biomass Burning over the Western North Pacific (2020)
  • Author(s): Yoshizue Momoka、Taketani Fumikazu、Adachi Kouji、Iwamoto Yoko、Tohjima Yasunori、Mori Tatsuhiro、Miura Kazuhiko
  • Journal Title: Atmosphere Volume: 11 Issue: 11 Pages: 1175-1175
  • DOI: 10.3390/atmos11111175
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Rapid evolution of aerosol particles and their optical properties downwind of wildfires in the western US (2020)
  • Author(s): Kleinman Lawrence I.、Sedlacek III Arthur J.、Adachi Kouji、Buseck Peter R.、Collier Sonya、Dubey Manvendra K.、Hodshire Anna L.、Lewis Ernie、Onasch Timothy B.、Pierce Jeffery R.、Shilling John、Springston Stephen R.、Wang Jian、Zhang Qi、Zhou Shan、Yokelson Robert J.
  • Journal Title: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Volume: 20 Issue: 21 Pages: 13319-13341
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-20-13319-2020
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Comparison of three aerosol representations of NHM-Chem (v1.0) for the simulations of air quality and climate-relevant variables (2020)
  • Author(s): Kajino Mizuo、Deushi Makoto、Sekiyama Tsuyoshi Thomas、and co-authors
  • Journal Title: Geoscientific Model Development Volume: 14 Pages: 225-2264
  • DOI: 10.5194/gmd-2020-229
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Mixing states of Amazon basin aerosol particles transported over long distances using transmission electron microscopy (2020)
  • Author(s): Adachi Kouji、Oshima Naga、Gong Zhaoheng、de S? Suzane、Bateman Adam P.、Martin Scot T.、de Brito Joel F.、Artaxo Paulo、Cirino Glauber G.、Sedlacek III Arthur J.、Buseck Peter R.
  • Journal Title: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Volume: 20 Issue: 20 Pages: 11923-11939
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-20-11923-2020
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Concentrations and Size Distributions of Black Carbon in the Surface Snow of Eastern Antarctica in 2011 (2020)
  • Author(s): Kinase T.、Adachi K.、Oshima N.、Goto‐Azuma K.、Ogawa‐Tsukagawa Y.、Kondo Y.、Moteki N.、Ohata S.、Mori T.、Hayashi M.、Hara K.、Kawashima H.、Kita K.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Volume: 125 Issue: 1
  • DOI: 10.1029/2019jd030737
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Spherical tarball particles form through rapid chemical and physical changes of organic matter in biomass-burning smoke (2019)
  • Author(s): Adachi Kouji、Sedlacek Arthur J.、Kleinman Lawrence、Springston Stephen R.、Wang Jian、Chand Duli、Hubbe John M.、Shilling John E.、Onasch Timothy B.、Kinase Takeshi、Sakata Kohei、Takahashi Yoshio、Buseck Peter R.
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Volume: 116 Issue: 39 Pages: 19336-19341
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1900129116
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Aerosol mixing state revealed by transmission electron microscopy pertaining to cloud formation and human airway deposition (2019)
  • Author(s): Ching Joseph、Adachi Kouji、Zaizen Yuji、Igarashi Yasuhito、Kajino Mizuo
  • Journal Title: npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Volume: 2 Issue: 1 Pages: 1-7
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41612-019-0081-9
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Fine ash-bearing particles as a major aerosol component in biomass urning smoke (2022)
  • Author(s): Adachi Kouji
  • Organizer: AGU FAll meeting
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Physical and chemical analyses of aerosol particles from biomass burning using transmission electron microscopy (2021)
  • Author(s): Kouji Adachi
  • Organizer: Pacifichem2021
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] 深層学習を利用した画像認識技術による電子顕微鏡画像中の炭素質エアロゾル粒子の判定 (2021)
  • Author(s): 足立光司
  • Organizer: 第38回エアロゾル学会・技術研究討論会
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Spherical tarballs form through chemical and physical evolution of primary organic particles in biomass-burning smoke (2020)
  • Author(s): Adachi K, Takeshi Kinase, Eric M Scheuer, Jack E Dibb, Joseph M Katich, Joshua Peter Schwarz
  • Organizer: AGU Fall meeting 2020
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Spherical tarballs form through chemical and physical evolution of primary organic particles in biomass-burning smoke (2020)
  • Author(s): Adachi K
  • Organizer: JpGU-AGU Joint Meeting 2020
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Single-particle analyses of aerosol particles using transmission electron microscopy and cold stages with an optical and scanning electron microscopes (2019)
  • Author(s): Adachi K., Kinase T.
  • Organizer: American Geophysical Union 2019 Fall Meeting
  • Int'l Joint Research