| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥720,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2009: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2008: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
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| Research Abstract |
In early medieval Europe a variety of symbols were used in contracts as donation and in lawsuits. Among them, festuca (baton or stalk) was diffused into regions such as Burgundy, Bavaria, Languedoc, etc. with the expansion of the Frankish kingship. But in the process of diffusion, its use and signification were transformed. This shows the importance of legal traditions proper to these regions rather than an effort of the Frankish kingship to propagate homogeneous legal culture.
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