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Molecular Analysis of Life and Death in Pathogenic Fungi Cryptococcus neoformans : Cell Cycle Cntrol and Interaction between Fungi and Bacteria

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20590437
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Bacteriology (including Mycology)
Research InstitutionChiba University

Principal Investigator

KAWAMOTO Susumu  Chiba University, 真菌医学研究センター, 教授 (80125921)

Project Period (FY) 2008 – 2010
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2010)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,680,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,080,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2009: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Fiscal Year 2008: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
Keywords真菌 / 感染症 / 細胞周期 / 遺伝子 / タンパク質 / 国際情報交換 / チェコ:ハンガリー / 蛋白質
Research Abstract

The G1 Cyclin CnCln1 gene, a key molecule in the cell cycle control in a pathogenic yeast, Cryptococcus neoformans, was cloned, identified and characterized. Interaction between cell cycle control and stress (hypoxia) response was analyzed. Also, localization of triosephosphate isomerase, the molecules responsible for contact-mediated killing of Cryptococcus, on the surface of Staphylococcus was demonstrated by scanning immunoelectron microscopy.

Report

(4 results)
  • 2010 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2009 Annual Research Report
  • 2008 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (62 results)

All 2010 2009 2008 Other

All Journal Article (21 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 21 results) Presentation (38 results) Book (3 results)

  • [Journal Article] The single Cdk1-G1 cyclin of Cryptococcus neoformans is not essential for cell cycle progression but has important roles in the proper commitment to DNA synthesis and bud emergence in this yeast.2010

    • Author(s)
      Virutudazo EV, Kawamoto S, Ohkusu M, Aoki S, Sipiczki M, Takeo K
    • Journal Title

      FEMS Yeast Research 10(5)

      Pages: 605-618

    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Localization by scanning immunoelectron microscopy of triosephosphate isomerase, the molecules responsible for contact-mediated killing of Cryptococcus, on the surface of Staphylococcus.2010

    • Author(s)
      Yamaguchi M, Ikeda R, Nishimura M, Kawamoto S
    • Journal Title

      Microbiol Immunol 54

      Pages: 368-370

    • NAID

      10029545273

    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Deletion of CnLIG4 DNA ligase gene in the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans elevates homologous recombination efficiency.2010

    • Author(s)
      Shimizu K, Li H-M, Virtudazo EV, Watanabe A, Kamei K, Yamaguchi M, Kawamoto S
    • Journal Title

      Mycoscience 51

      Pages: 28-33

    • NAID

      10027042936

    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Non-homologous end joining pathway of the human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans influences homologous integration efficiency but not virulence.2010

    • Author(s)
      Li H-M, Virtudazo EV, Toh-e A, Yamaguchi M, Kawamoto S, Shimizu K
    • Journal Title

      Mycoscience 51

      Pages: 272-280

    • NAID

      10026513911

    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] The single Cdk1-G1 cyclin of Cryptococcus neoformans is not essential for cell cycle progression but has important roles in the proper commitment to DNA synthesis and bud emergence in this yeast.2010

    • Author(s)
      Virtudazo, Eric
    • Journal Title

      FEMS Yeast Research

      Volume: 10 Pages: 605-618

    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Localization by scanning immunoelectron microscopy of triosephosphate isomerase, the molecules responsible for contact-mediated killing of Cryptococcus, on the surface of Staphylococcus.2010

    • Author(s)
      Yamaguchi, Masashi
    • Journal Title

      Microbiology and Immunology

      Volume: 54 Pages: 368-370

    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Deletion of CnLIG4 DNA ligase gene in the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans elevates homologous recombination efficiency.2010

    • Author(s)
      Shimizu, Kiminori
    • Journal Title

      Mycoscience

      Volume: 51 Pages: 28-33

    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Non-homologous end joining pathway of a human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans influences homologous integration efficiency but not virulence.2010

    • Author(s)
      Li, Hao-Man
    • Journal Title

      Mycoscience

      Volume: 51 Pages: 272-280

    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Deletion of CnLIG4 DNA ligase gene in the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans elevates homologous recombination efficiency.2010

    • Author(s)
      Shimizu, Kiminori
    • Journal Title

      Folia Microbiol 51

      Pages: 28-33

    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Growth strategy of the pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans submerged culture under different cultivation formats.2009

    • Author(s)
      Raclavsky V, Husickova V, Moranova Z, Ohkusu M, Fischer O, Precek J, Trtkova J, Takeo K, Kawamoto S
    • Journal Title

      Folia Microbiol 54(4)

      Pages: 349-352

    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Peculiar clusters of daughter cells observed in Cryptococcus neoformans grown in sealed microtiter plates.2009

    • Author(s)
      Raclavsky V, Pavlicek J, Novotny R, Moranova Z, Ohkusu M, Trtkova J, Takeo K, Kawamoto S
    • Journal Title

      Folia Microbiol 54(4)

      Pages: 369-371

    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Hypoxia sensing in Cryptococcus neoformans : Biofilm-like adaptation for dormancy?2009

    • Author(s)
      Moranova Z, Kawamoto S, Raclavsky V
    • Journal Title

      Biomedical Papers 153(3)

      Pages: 189-193

    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Growth strategy of the pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans submerged culture under different cultivation formats.2009

    • Author(s)
      Raclavsky, Vladislav
    • Journal Title

      Folia Microbiol 54

      Pages: 349-352

    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Peculiar clusters of daughter cells observed in Cryptococcus neoformans grown in sealed microtiter plates.2009

    • Author(s)
      Raclavsky, Vladislav
    • Journal Title

      Folia Microbiol 54

      Pages: 369-371

    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Hypoxia sensing in Cryptococcus neoformans : Biofilm-like adaptation for dormancy?2009

    • Author(s)
      Moranova, Zuzana
    • Journal Title

      Biomed Pap Med 153

      Pages: 189-193

    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Cryptococcus neoformansの細胞周期制御におけるGIサイクリン遺伝子upstreamORFの役割2008

    • Author(s)
      大畑,美穂子
    • Journal Title

      日本医真菌学会雑誌 49

      Pages: 102-102

    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Cryptococcus neoformansのCdc25ホスファターゼホモログのクローニングと構造機能解析2008

    • Author(s)
      ヴィルトウダゾ,エリック
    • Journal Title

      日本医真菌学会雑誌 49

      Pages: 103-103

    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Non-homologous end joining pathway of a human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans influences homologous integration efficiency but not virulence.

    • Author(s)
      Li, Hao-Man
    • Journal Title

      Mycoscience (印刷中)

    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Isolation of yeasts from palm tissues damaged by the red palm weevil and their possible effect on the weevil overwintering

    • Author(s)
      Abe, Fukiko
    • Journal Title

      Mycoscience (印刷中)

    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Localization by scanning immunoelectron microscopy of triosephosphate isomerase, the molecules responsible for contact-mediated killing of Cryptococcus, on the surface of Staphylococcus.

    • Author(s)
      Yamaguchi, Masashi
    • Journal Title

      Microbiology and Immunology (印刷中)

    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] The single Cdk1-G1 cyclin of Cryptococcus neoformans is not essential for cell cycle progression but has important roles in the proper commitment to DNA synthesis and bud emergence in this yeast.

    • Author(s)
      Virtudazo, Eric
    • Journal Title

      FEMS Yeast Research (印刷中)

    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] Two key players of cell cycle regulation in Cryptococcus neoformans, Cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) and its regulator2010

    • Author(s)
      川本進
    • Organizer
      Cyclin.
    • Place of Presentation
      University of Wisconsin-Madison,Madison, Wisconsin, USA
    • Year and Date
      2010-11-22
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Two key players of cell cycle regulation in Cryptococcus neoformans, Cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) and its regulator、Cyclin.2010

    • Author(s)
      Kawamoto, Susumu
    • Organizer
      Invited lecture at University of Wisconsin-Madison
    • Place of Presentation
      Madison (USA)
    • Year and Date
      2010-11-22
    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 真菌細菌の菌種間相互作用における電子顕微鏡的アプローチ2010

    • Author(s)
      山口正視, 池田玲子, 川本進
    • Organizer
      第54回日本医真菌学会総会,真菌誌51(増刊1号):65
    • Place of Presentation
      東京
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] アグロバクテリウム法によるCryptococcus neoformans形質転換に関する条件検討2010

    • Author(s)
      清水公徳, 太田裕子, 増田恵美, ヴィルトゥダゾ・エリック, 山口正視, 川本進
    • Organizer
      第54回日本医真菌学会総会,真菌誌51(増刊1号):65
    • Place of Presentation
      東京
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Cryptococcus neoformans Wee1 kinase is not essential for growth but has a role in G2-M.2010

    • Author(s)
      E.Virtudazo, M.Ohkusu, K.Shimizu, M.Yamaguchi, S.Kawamoto
    • Organizer
      第54回日本医真菌学会総会,真菌誌51(増刊1号):77
    • Place of Presentation
      東京
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Cell-cycle related genes in the pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans.9th International Mycological Congress (IMC9)2010

    • Author(s)
      Kawamoto S, Virtudazo EV, Ohkusu M, Takeo K
    • Organizer
      The Biology of of Fungi
    • Place of Presentation
      Edinburgh, UK
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] The main cell cycle genes in the pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans.2010

    • Author(s)
      Kawamoto S, Virtudazo EV, Ohkusu M, Sonoda T, Miura S, Takeo K
    • Organizer
      10th European Conference on Fungal Genetics (ECFG10), Leeuwenhorst
    • Place of Presentation
      The Netherlands
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] The main cell cycle genes in the pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans.2010

    • Author(s)
      Kawamoto, Susumu
    • Organizer
      10^<th> European Conference on Fungal Genetics (ECFG10)
    • Place of Presentation
      Leeuwenhorst(The Netherlands)
    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Cell-cycle related genes in the pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans2010

    • Author(s)
      Kawamoto, Susumu
    • Organizer
      9^<th> International Mycological Congress (IMC9) : The Biology of Fungi
    • Place of Presentation
      Edinburgh (UK)
    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Cryptococcus neoformansWeel is not essential for growth but has a role in G2-Mcontrol.2010

    • Author(s)
      Virtudazo, Eric
    • Organizer
      第54回日本医真菌学会総会
    • Place of Presentation
      東京
    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] アグロバクテリウム法によるCryptococcus neoformans形質転換に関する条件検討2010

    • Author(s)
      清水、公徳
    • Organizer
      第54回日本医真菌学会総会
    • Place of Presentation
      東京
    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Molecular analysis of cell cycle regulation in Cryptococcus neoformans.2009

    • Author(s)
      Kawamoto S, Virtudazo EV, Ohkusu M, Manova Z, Raclavsky V, Takeo K
    • Organizer
      4th Trends in Medical Mycology.
    • Place of Presentation
      Athens,Greece
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Functional analysis of genes involved in drug resistance in Cryptococcus neoformans.2009

    • Author(s)
      Shimizu K, Shimizu M, Li H-M, Kawamoto S
    • Organizer
      The 17th Congress of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology (ISHAM 2009).Program and Abstract book p.280.
    • Place of Presentation
      Tokyo, Japan
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Difference in physiology and protein expression pattern of capsule thickness variants of Cryptococcus neoformans.2009

    • Author(s)
      Ohkusu M, Kawamoto S
    • Organizer
      ISHAM 2009.Program and Abstract p.355.
    • Place of Presentation
      Tokyo, Japan
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Understanding cell control in the pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans.2009

    • Author(s)
      Virtudazo, E.V., Ohkusu, M., Ohata, M., Miklos, I., Sipiczki, Matthias, Aoki, S., Takeo, K., Kawamoto S.
    • Organizer
      ISHAM 2009.
    • Place of Presentation
      Tokyo, Japan.
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Analysis of the role of the single G1 cyclin, CnCln1, in Cryptococcus neoformans cell cycle.2009

    • Author(s)
      Virtudazo EV., Ohkusu M, Ohata M, Takeo K, Kawamoto S
    • Organizer
      ISHAM 2009.
    • Place of Presentation
      Tokyo, Japan.
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Pospisilova K, Raclavsky V : Study of hypoxia response in Cryptococcus neoformans.2009

    • Author(s)
      Moranova., Virtudazo EV, Ohkusu M, Kawamoto S
    • Organizer
      ISHAM 2009.
    • Place of Presentation
      Tokyo, Japan.
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] The main cell cycle genes in the pathogenic yeasCryptococcus Neoformans.2009

    • Author(s)
      Kawamoto, Susumu
    • Organizer
      4th Trends in Medical Mycology
    • Place of Presentation
      アテネ(ギリシャ)
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Understanding cell cycle control in the pathogenic yeast Cryptococcusneoformans.2009

    • Author(s)
      Virtudazo, Eric
    • Organizer
      17th Congress of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology
    • Place of Presentation
      東京
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Analysis of the role of the single G1 cyclin, CnCln1, in Cryptococus neoformans cell cycle.2009

    • Author(s)
      Virtudazo, Eric
    • Organizer
      17th Congress of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology
    • Place of Presentation
      東京
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Study of hypoxia response in Cryptococcus neoformans.2009

    • Author(s)
      Moranova, Zuzana
    • Organizer
      17th Congress of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology
    • Place of Presentation
      東京
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Differences in physiology and protein expression pattern of capsule thickness variants of Cryptococcus neoformans.2009

    • Author(s)
      Ohkusu, Misako
    • Organizer
      17th Congress of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology
    • Place of Presentation
      東京
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Functional analysis of gened involved in drug resistance in Cryptococcus neoformans.2009

    • Author(s)
      Shimizu, Kiminori
    • Organizer
      17th Congress of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology
    • Place of Presentation
      東京
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 病原酵母クリプトコックスの細胞周期制御の分子的理解に向けて2008

    • Author(s)
      川本進, E.Virtudazo, 大楠美佐子, 竹尾漢治, 田村裕, Z.Moranova, V.Raclavsky
    • Organizer
      第2回真菌ワープ研究会
    • Place of Presentation
      千葉
    • Year and Date
      2008-08-21
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Structural and functional analysis of the single G1 cyclin CnCln1 in Cryptococcus neoformans.2008

    • Author(s)
      Virtudazo EV, Ohkusu M, Ohata M, Miklos I, Sipiczki M, TakeoK, Kawamoto S
    • Organizer
      第91回日本細菌学会関東支部総会
    • Place of Presentation
      千葉市
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Towards molecular understanding of cell cycle regulation and cell signaling in Cryptococcus neoformans.2008

    • Author(s)
      Kawamoto S, Virtudazo E, Ohata M, Ohkusu M, Shimizu K, Yamaguchi M, Miklos I, Sipiczki M, Moranova Z, Raclavsky V, Takeo K
    • Organizer
      7th International Conference on Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis.
    • Place of Presentation
      Nagasaki
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Cloning and functional analysis of the Cryptococcus neoformans Cdc25/Mih1 phosphatase homologue.2008

    • Author(s)
      Virtudazo EV, Ohata M, Ohkusu M, Miklos I, Sipiczki M, Takeo K, Kawamoto S
    • Organizer
      7th International Conference on Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis.
    • Place of Presentation
      Nagasaki, Japan.
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Analysis of the role of upstream ORFs in the regulation of CnCln1 expression in Cryptococcus neoformans.2008

    • Author(s)
      Ohata M., Virtudazo EV., Ohkusu M., Takeo K., Kawamoto S
    • Organizer
      7th International Conference on Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis.
    • Place of Presentation
      Nagasaki, Japan.
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Study of hypoxia response in Cryptococcus neoformans.2008

    • Author(s)
      Moranova Z, Husiokova V, Ohkusu M, Kawamoto S, Raclavsky V
    • Organizer
      7th International Conference on Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis.
    • Place of Presentation
      Nagasaki
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Cryptococcus neoformansのCdc25ホスファターゼホモログのクローニングと構造機能解析2008

    • Author(s)
      ヴィルトゥダゾ・エリック, 大畑美穂子, 大楠美佐子, Ida Miklos, Matthias Sipiczki, 竹尾漢治, 川本進
    • Organizer
      第52回日本医真菌学会総会
    • Place of Presentation
      長崎市
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Cryptococcus neoformansの細胞周期制御におけるG1サイクリン遺伝子upstreamORFの役割2008

    • Author(s)
      大畑美穂子, ヴィルトゥダゾ・エリック, 大楠美佐子, 竹尾漢治, 川本進
    • Organizer
      第52回日本医真菌学会総会
    • Place of Presentation
      長崎市
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Molecular approach to understanding cell regulation in a pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans.2008

    • Author(s)
      Kawamoto S, Virtudazo E, Ohata M, Ohkusu M, Takeo K
    • Organizer
      China-Japan Pan Asia Pacific Mycology Forum, Changchun 2008 Changchun
    • Place of Presentation
      China
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Structural and functional analysis of cell cycle control genes in Cryptococcus neoformans.2008

    • Author(s)
      Kawamoto S, Virtudazo E, Ohkusu M, Sonoda T, Miyagi Y, Okuda K, Takeo K
    • Organizer
      2008 Annual Meeting American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Experimental Biology 2008)
    • Place of Presentation
      San Diego, California, USA
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Structural and functional analysis of cell cycle control genes in Cryptococcus neoformans.2008

    • Author(s)
      Kawamoto, Susumu
    • Organizer
      2008年米国生化学・分子生物学会年会
    • Place of Presentation
      サンディエゴ(米国)
    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Molecular approach to understanding cell regulation in a pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans.2008

    • Author(s)
      Kawamoto, Susumu
    • Organizer
      China-Japan Pan Asia Pacific Mycology Forum
    • Place of Presentation
      長春(中国)
    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Towards molecular understanding of cell cycle regulation and cell signaling in Cryptococcus neoformans.2008

    • Author(s)
      Kawamoto, Susumu
    • Organizer
      第7回国際クリプトコックス会議
    • Place of Presentation
      長崎
    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Cloning and functional analysis of the Cryptococcus neoformans Cdc25/Mihl phosphatase homologue.2008

    • Author(s)
      Virtudazo, Eric
    • Organizer
      第7回国際クリプトコックス会議
    • Place of Presentation
      長崎
    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Analysis of the role of upstream ORFs in the regulation of CnClnl expression in Cryptococcus neoformans.2008

    • Author(s)
      Ohata, Mihoko
    • Organizer
      第7回国際クリプトコックス会議
    • Place of Presentation
      長崎
    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 酵素利用技術大系~基礎・解析から改変・高機能化・産業利用まで(小宮山真監修)(酵素を創る-生物学的アプローチ-細胞を用いたタンパク質合成:昆虫培養細胞・バキュロウイルスベクター発現系を用いたタンパク質合成)2010

    • Author(s)
      川本進
    • Publisher
      エヌ・テイー・エス
    • Related Report
      2010 Final Research Report
  • [Book] 酵素利用技術大系-基礎・解析から改変・高機能化・産業利用まで-2010

    • Author(s)
      川本, 進
    • Publisher
      エヌ・ティ・エス
    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 酵素利用技術大系-基礎・解析から改変・高機能化・産業利用まで-2010

    • Author(s)
      川本, 進
    • Total Pages
      1078
    • Publisher
      エヌ・テイ・エス
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2008-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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