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Study of r-process nucleosynthesis of gravitational wave sources by means of high sensitivity wide-band near infrared spectroscopy

Research Project

Project/Area Number 21H04997
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Review Section Broad Section B
Research InstitutionNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan

Principal Investigator

吉田 道利  国立天文台, ハワイ観測所, 特任教授 (90270446)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 冨永 望  国立天文台, 科学研究部, 教授 (00550279)
大野 良人  国立天文台, ハワイ観測所, 助教 (20818017)
小山 佑世  国立天文台, ハワイ観測所, 准教授 (40724662)
尾崎 忍夫  国立天文台, 先端技術センター, 講師 (60532710)
田中 雅臣  東北大学, 理学研究科, 准教授 (70586429)
柳澤 顕史  国立天文台, ハワイ観測所, 助教 (90311183)
本原 顕太郎  国立天文台, 先端技術センター, 教授 (90343102)
守屋 尭  国立天文台, 科学研究部, 助教 (90779547)
Project Period (FY) 2021-07-05 – 2026-03-31
Project Status Granted (Fiscal Year 2024)
Budget Amount *help
¥185,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥142,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥42,780,000)
Fiscal Year 2025: ¥11,050,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,550,000)
Fiscal Year 2024: ¥18,330,000 (Direct Cost: ¥14,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,230,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥86,710,000 (Direct Cost: ¥66,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥20,010,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥53,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥40,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥12,270,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥16,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,720,000)
Keywords光学赤外線天文学 / 重力波天体 / 中性子星合体 / 補償光学 / 近赤外線分光
Outline of Research at the Start

宇宙における重元素の起源はいまだ明らかになっていないが、中性子星合体はその有力な候補である。本研究は、大型光学赤外線望遠鏡「すばる」の性能を限界まで引き出し、重力波で発見可能な距離全域の中性子星合体の近赤外線分光観測を実現し、中性子星合体での元素合成を包括的に理解する。このため、大気ゆらぎを補正する最新技術であるレーザートモグラフィー補償光学に最適化された広帯域近赤外線分光装置を製作し、天体からの光を極限まで1点に集中させて、分光観測を行う。この装置を用いて多数の中性子星合体に対して世界最高感度の分光をすることにより、中性子星合体での元素合成の全容を明らかにする。

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

中性子星合体の電磁波対応天体の網羅的なスペクトル理論モデル構築を継続した。2022年度の研究により、ストロンチウムやランタン、セリウムといった元素の特徴が近赤外線域に強く現れることが明らかになった。これを踏まえて、近赤外線スペクトルの時間変化についてモデル化を行うことに成功した。本研究で開発する高感度広帯域近赤外線分光装置によりこれらの特徴を捉えることで、中性子星合体時に合成される重元素量を定量化できることが期待される。また、Euclid宇宙望遠鏡による遠方超新星の観測シミュレーションを実施した。この結果、最大で年間10個程度の遠方超新星が本研究課題で開発する分光装置で観測可能であることを明らかにした。
レーザートモグラフィ補償光学に対応した高感度広帯域近赤外線分光装置の開発を継続した。2022年度は、光学系・制御系のサブシステムの概念設計を実施した。一方で、将来計画として可視光域も含めた超広帯域分光装置を可能とするために、可視分光装置を取り付けるための拡張性の検討を行った。その中で、当初の想定に反して分光装置の手前の前置光学系の事前調査が、分光装置そのものの設計に大きな影響を及ぼすことが分かった。このため、当初は2022年度中に行う予定であった分光器機械系・真空冷却デュワーの概念設計については翌年度に行うこととした。また、近赤外線検出器の貸与および、分光器の設置と調整について、国立天文台ハワイ観測所と打合せを行った。

Current Status of Research Progress
Current Status of Research Progress

3: Progress in research has been slightly delayed.

Reason

スペクトル理論モデル構築については、順調に進展しており、いくつかの重元素について、特徴的なスペクトルに関する予測を行うことに成功した。超新星関係のシミュレーション研究も現実的な観測予測を行うことができている。
高感度広帯域近赤外分光装置開発では、光学系および制御系の概念設計を完了することができたが、将来計画に必要な、前置光学系の検討を進める中で、当初の想定に反してこの部分の十分な事前調査が分光装置そのものの機械系および冷却系の設計に大きな影響を及ぼすことが判明し、全体スケジュールをおよそ3か月延長せざるを得なかった。このため、進捗は当初想定よりもやや遅れることとなった。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

中性子星合体の電磁波対応天体の網羅的なスペクトル理論モデル構築をさらに進め、多様な重元素の電離状態に伴う遷移を包括的に扱い、本研究で開発する広帯域近赤外線分光装置の観測で、どのように中性子星合体時に合成される重元素量を定量化するかを詳細に検討する。また、遠方超新星の観測数と、原子核反応の反応率との関係を明らかにし、遠方超新星における鉄までの元素合成に関する研究を進める。
レーザートモグラフィ補償光学に対応した広帯域近赤外線分光装置の開発については、光学系および機械系に関しては、詳細設計に基づいて各コンポーネントの製造を行う。検出器系は、試験環境を構築して実験室における試験を開始する。国立天文台ハワイ観測所と連携して、分光装置のすばる望遠鏡への装着と試験手続きについての準備を行う。

Assessment Rating
Interim Assessment Comments (Rating)

A: In light of the aim of introducing the research area into the research categories, the expected progress has been made in research.

Report

(6 results)
  • 2023 Abstract (Interim Assessment) ( PDF )   Interim Assessment (Comments) ( PDF )
  • 2022 Annual Research Report
  • 2021 Abstract ( PDF )   Comments on the Screening Results ( PDF )   Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (31 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 Other

All Journal Article (24 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 23 results,  Peer Reviewed: 24 results,  Open Access: 23 results) Presentation (5 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Invited: 2 results) Book (1 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Inferencing Progenitor and Explosion Properties of Evolving Core-collapse Supernovae from Zwicky Transient Facility Light Curves2023

    • Author(s)
      Subrayan Bhagya M.、Milisavljevic Dan、Moriya Takashi J.、Weil Kathryn E.、Lentner Geoffery、Linvill Mark、Banovetz John、Garretson Braden、Reynolds Jack、Sravan Niharika、Chornock Ryan、Margutti Raffaella
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 945 Issue: 1 Pages: 46-46

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/aca80a

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] SN 2020uem: a Possible Thermonuclear Explosion within a Dense Circumstellar Medium (II). The Properties of the CSM from Polarimetry and Light-curve Modeling2023

    • Author(s)
      Uno Kohki、Nagao Takashi、Maeda Keiichi、Kuncarayakti Hanindyo、Tanaka Masaomi、Kawabata Koji S.、Nakaoka Tatsuya、Kawabata Miho、Yamanaka Masayuki、Aoki Kentaro、Isogai Keisuke、Ogawa Mao、Tajitsu Akito、Imazawa Ryo
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 944 Issue: 2 Pages: 204-204

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/acb5eb

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] SN 2020uem: a Possible Thermonuclear Explosion within a Dense Circumstellar Medium. I. The Nature of Type IIn/Ia-CSM SNe from Photometry and Spectroscopy2023

    • Author(s)
      Uno Kohki、Maeda Keiichi、Nagao Takashi、Nakaoka Tatsuya、Motohara Kentaro、Tajitsu Akito、Konishi Masahiro、Koyama Shuhei、Takahashi Hidenori、Tanaka Masaomi、Kuncarayakti Hanindyo、Kawabata Miho、Yamanaka Masayuki, et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 944 Issue: 2 Pages: 203-203

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/acb5ec

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Light Curves and Event Rates of Axion Instability Supernovae2023

    • Author(s)
      Mori Kanji、Moriya Takashi J.、Takiwaki Tomoya、Kotake Kei、Horiuchi Shunsaku、Blinnikov Sergei I.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 943 Issue: 1 Pages: 12-12

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/acaaff

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] <i>Euclid</i> detectability of pair instability supernovae in binary population synthesis models consistent with merging binary black holes2022

    • Author(s)
      Tanikawa Ataru、Moriya Takashi J、Tominaga Nozomu、Yoshida Naoki
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters

      Volume: 519 Issue: 1 Pages: L32-L38

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnrasl/slac149

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] A Multiwavelength View of the Rapidly Evolving SN 2018ivc: An Analog of SN IIb 1993J but Powered Primarily by Circumstellar Interaction2022

    • Author(s)
      Maeda Keiichi、Chandra Poonam、Moriya Takashi J.、Reguitti Andrea、Ryder Stuart、Matsuoka Tomoki、Michiyama Tomonari、Pignata Giuliano、Hiramatsu Daichi、Bostroem K. Azalee、Kundu Esha、Kuncarayakti Hanindyo、Bersten Melina C.、Pooley David、Lee Shiu-Hang、Patnaude Daniel、Rodr?guez ?smar、Folatelli Gaston
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 942 Issue: 1 Pages: 17-17

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/aca1b7

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Theoretical investigation of energy levels and transitions for Pr IV2022

    • Author(s)
      Gaigalas G、Rynkun P、Banerjee S、Tanaka M、Kato D、Radziute L
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 517 Issue: 1 Pages: 281-293

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/stac2401

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Lanthanide Features in Near-infrared Spectra of Kilonovae2022

    • Author(s)
      Domoto Nanae、Tanaka Masaomi、Kato Daiji、Kawaguchi Kyohei、Hotokezaka Kenta、Wanajo Shinya
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 939 Issue: 1 Pages: 8-8

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac8c36

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The Quest for New Correlations in the Realm of the Gamma-Ray Burst?Supernova Connection2022

    • Author(s)
      Dainotti M. G.、Simone B. De、Islam K. M.、Kawaguchi K.、Moriya T. J.、Takiwaki T.、Tominaga N.、Gangopadhyay A.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 938 Issue: 1 Pages: 41-41

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac8b77

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Euclid: Searching for pair-instability supernovae with the Deep Survey2022

    • Author(s)
      Moriya T. J.、Inserra C.、Tanaka M.、Cappellaro E.、Della Valle M.、Hook I.、Kotak R.、Longo G.、Mannucci F.、Mattila S.、Tao C.、et al.
    • Journal Title

      Astronomy & Astrophysics

      Volume: 666 Pages: A157-A157

    • DOI

      10.1051/0004-6361/202243810

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Abundance stratification in Type Ia supernovae VI. The peculiar slow decliner SN1999aa2022

    • Author(s)
      Aouad Charles J、Mazzali Paolo A、Hachinger Stephan、Teffs Jacob、Pian Elena、Ashall Chris、Benetti Stefano、Filippenko Alexei V、Tanaka Masaomi
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 515 Issue: 3 Pages: 4445-4463

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/stac2024

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Opacity of the Highly Ionized Lanthanides and the Effect on the Early Kilonova2022

    • Author(s)
      Banerjee Smaranika、Tanaka Masaomi、Kato Daiji、Gaigalas Gediminas、Kawaguchi Kyohei、Domoto Nanae
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 934 Issue: 2 Pages: 117-117

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac7565

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Variable thermal energy injection from magnetar spin-down as a possible cause of stripped-envelope supernova light-curve bumps2022

    • Author(s)
      Moriya Takashi J、Murase Kohta、Kashiyama Kazumi、Blinnikov Sergei I
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 513 Issue: 4 Pages: 6210-6218

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/stac1352

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Long-term Evolution of a Supernova Remnant Hosting a Double Neutron Star Binary2022

    • Author(s)
      Matsuoka Tomoki、Lee Shiu-Hang、Maeda Keiichi、Takiwaki Tomoya、Moriya Takashi J.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 930 Issue: 2 Pages: 143-143

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac67a4

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Statistical Properties of the Nebular Spectra of 103 Stripped-envelope Core-collapse Supernovae2022

    • Author(s)
      Fang, Qiliang; Maeda, Keiichi; Kuncarayakti, Hanindyo; Tanaka, Masaomi; Kawabata, Koji S.; Hattori, Takashi; Aoki, Kentaro; Moriya, Takashi J.; Yamanaka, Masayuki
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 928 Issue: 2 Pages: 151-151

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac4f60

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Discovering Supernovae at the Epoch of Reionization with the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope2022

    • Author(s)
      Moriya Takashi J.、Quimby Robert M.、Robertson Brant E.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 925 Issue: 2 Pages: 211-211

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac415e

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] EMPRESS. IV. Extremely Metal-poor Galaxies Including Very Low-mass Primordial Systems with M* = 10^4 - 10^5 Msun and 2%-3% (O/H): High (Fe/O) Suggestive of Metal Enrichment by Hypernovae/Pair-instability Supernovae2022

    • Author(s)
      Isobe Yuki、Ouchi Masami、Suzuki Akihiro、Moriya Takashi J.、et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 925 Issue: 2 Pages: 111-111

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac3509

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The Environmental Dependence of Gas Properties in Dense Cores of a Protocluster at z~2.5 Revealed with ALMA2022

    • Author(s)
      Aoyama, K., Kodama, T., 6 authors
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 924 Issue: 2 Pages: 74-74

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac34fa

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Properties of Thorne-Zytkow object explosions2021

    • Author(s)
      Moriya Takashi J、Blinnikov Sergei I
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 508 Issue: 1 Pages: 74-78

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/stab2584

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The Simulation of Superluminous Supernovae Using the M1 Approach for Radiation Transfer2021

    • Author(s)
      Urvachev Egor、Shidlovski Dmitry、Tominaga Nozomu、Glazyrin Semyon、Blinnikov Sergei
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 256 Issue: 1 Pages: 8-8

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac0972

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Discovery of the Fastest Early Optical Emission from Overluminous SN Ia 2020hvf: A Thermonuclear Explosion within a Dense Circumstellar Environment2021

    • Author(s)
      Jiang Ji-an, Maeda Keiichi, Kawabata Miho, Doi Mamoru, Shigeyama Toshikazu, Tanaka Masaomi, Tominaga Nozomu, Nomoto Ken’ichi, Niino Yuu, Sako Shigeyuki, Ohsawa Ryou, Schramm Malte, Yamanaka Masayuki, Kobayashi Naoto, Takahashi Hidenori, et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Letters

      Volume: 923 Issue: 1 Pages: L8-L8

    • DOI

      10.3847/2041-8213/ac375f

    • NAID

      120007177816

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Nebular Emission from Lanthanide-rich Ejecta of Neutron Star Merger2021

    • Author(s)
      Hotokezaka Kenta、Tanaka Masaomi、Kato Daiji、Gaigalas Gediminas
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 506 Pages: 5863-5877

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/stab1975

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Extended Calculations of Energy Levels and Transition Rates for Singly Ionized Lanthanide Elements. II. Tb-Yb2021

    • Author(s)
      Radziute Laima、Gaigalas Gediminas、Kato Daiji、Rynkun Pavel、Tanaka Masaomi
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 257 Issue: 2 Pages: 29-29

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac1ad2

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] A universal correlation between warm and hot gas in the stripped tails of cluster galaxies2021

    • Author(s)
      Sun Ming、Ge Chong、Luo Rongxin、Yagi Masafumi、Jachym Pavel、Boselli Alessandro、Fossati Matteo、Nulsen Paul E. J.、Yoshida Michitoshi、Gavazzi Giuseppe
    • Journal Title

      Nature Astronomy

      Volume: 6 Issue: 2 Pages: 270-274

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41550-021-01516-8

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Radiative transfer simulations for kilonovae2022

    • Author(s)
      田中雅臣
    • Organizer
      Multimessenger and Multiphysics
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] すばる望遠鏡広帯域分光装置NINJA:装置概要2022

    • Author(s)
      東谷千比呂、吉田道利、守屋尭、本原顕太郎、尾崎忍夫、柳澤顕史、大野良人、美濃和陽典、早野裕、小山祐世、冨永望、田中雅臣、他
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2022年秋季年会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] すばる望遠鏡広帯域分光装置NINJA:科学目標2022

    • Author(s)
      守屋尭、吉田道利、東谷千比呂、本原顕太郎、尾崎忍夫、柳沢顕史、大野良人、小山祐世、冨永望、田中雅臣、他
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2022年秋季年会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Heavy element opacity for multi-messenger observations of neutron star mergers2022

    • Author(s)
      田中雅臣
    • Organizer
      IAU Symposium 371 Honoring Charlotte Moore Sitterly: Astronomical spectroscopy in the 21st century
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] NINJA: an LTAO assisted optical and near-infrared spectrograph of Subaru Telescope2022

    • Author(s)
      東谷千比呂、尾崎忍夫、守屋尭、柳沢顕史、本原顕太郎、冨永望、大野良人、小山祐世、田中雅臣、吉田道利、他
    • Organizer
      SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] マルチメッセンジャー天文学が捉えた新しい宇宙の姿 宇宙の物質の起源に迫る2021

    • Author(s)
      田中 雅臣
    • Total Pages
      274
    • Publisher
      講談社
    • ISBN
      9784065261347
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] NINJA

    • URL

      https://www4.nao.ac.jp/atc/ninja/

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report 2021 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2021-07-08   Modified: 2025-04-17  

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