Study of relationship between global electric circuit and clouds

• Project/Area Number: 21K03679
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 17030:Human geosciences-related
• Research Institution: Chiba University
• Principal Investigator: 大矢 浩代 千葉大学, 大学院工学研究院, 助教 (00241943)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 鷹野 敏明 千葉大学, 環境リモートセンシング研究センター, 名誉教授 (40183058) ; 高橋 幸弘 北海道大学, 理学研究院, 教授 (50236329)
• Project Period (FY): 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000); Fiscal Year 2023: ¥520,000 (Direct Cost: ¥400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥120,000); Fiscal Year 2022: ¥520,000 (Direct Cost: ¥400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥120,000); Fiscal Year 2021: ¥3,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥720,000)
• Keywords: 大気電場 / グローバルサーキット / 雷雲 / 雪雲 / 雷 / 雲レーダー / 気象

Outline of Research at the Start

雷・雷雲等を発電機とする、地表―下部電離圏に形成される地球規模の回路をグローバルサーキットと呼ぶ。その電流は分子イオンによって運ばれており、分子イオンは雲生成に関係しているため、グローバルサーキットが、気候変動に影響する可能性が指摘されている。一方、積乱雲活動と電流の詳細な関係は未だ明らかになっていない。本研究では、世界最高クラスの空間分解能を有するWバンド雲レーダFALCON-Ⅰと、大気電場観測ネットワークを組み合わせた観測システムを構築することで、積乱雲の様相と電流の定量的関係を初めて明らかにし、グローバルサーキットの気候への影響を評価するための基礎的な知見を得ることを目的とする。

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

本研究の目的は、フィールドミルと95 GHz雲レーダFALCON-Iを用いて雷や雷雲がグローバルサーキットに与える影響を明らかにすることである。令和3-5年度に、福島県飯館および宮城県仙台市に、新規で大気電場計を設置し、地表の大気電場の定常観測を開始した。また、Wバンド雲レーダFALCON-Iは、千葉大にて雲の定常観測を問題なく実施できた。これらの観測で以下の成果が得られた。
1．2台の全天カメラを用いて雲底高度と24時間の雲量を推定する方法を提案した。カメラは千葉大学西千葉キャンパスに設置され、雲レーダFALCON-Iおよびライダーとの比較も行った。推定高度の最大誤差率は 8.0 % で、雲レーダとライダの誤差範囲内だった。カメラによる推定高度はライダより高かったが、雨天時も影響を受けにくいことが分かった。また、RGB値を用いたプログラムで夜間も高精度に雲量を検出できることを示した。
2．特定の雷発生時に大気電場の周期性を調べた。結果、大気電場とレーダ反射因子に共通する周期性が見られ、雷雲や降水の影響が示唆された。また、大気電場変動と雷の位置や電流値との関係も確認された。
3．2022年6月3日に千葉市で観測された雷雨について解析したところ、大気電場の変動(03:00-06:00 UT)は遅い変動が主成分で、ピーク時に速い変動が見られた。別の変動(06:00-09:00 UT)は速い変動が主成分で、遅い変動も含んでいた。大気電場の遅い変化は雷雲の動き、速い変化は高度 5 km 以下の雲と降水の影響と考えられる。雷データから、近くの雷ほど大気電場の変動量が大きいことがわかった。
4. 2018年1月22日の千葉での霙の時間帯（08:40-12:30 UT）に、大気電場が46分周期で振動し、正負のピーク時に 10-100 s の短い周期も発生した。大気電場とレーダ反射強度を比較した結果、46分周期の振動は高度 1000-1250 m の雪雲下層の雲粒子の動きによるものと考えられる。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] 国立成功大学(台湾)
• [Journal Article] Lower ionospheric resonance caused by Pekeris wave induced by 2022 Tonga volcanic eruption (2024)
  • Author(s): Ohya Hiroyo、Tsuchiya Fuminori、Takamura Tamio、Shinagawa Hiroyuki、Takahashi Yukihiro、Chen Alfred B.
  • Journal Title: Scientific Reports Volume: 14 Issue: 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65929-x
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Local Time and Seasonal Variations in the D-Region Ionosphere: Does It Reflect Sudden Stratospheric Warming Effects? (2023)
  • Author(s): Nozaki, Y., H. Ohya, F. Tsuchiya, K. Nozaki, H. Nakata, and K. Shiokawa
  • Journal Title: URSI Radio Science Letters Volume: 4 Pages: 1-4
  • DOI: 10.46620/22-0045
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Ultra Low Frequency Modulation of Energetic Electron Precipitation in the D-Region Ionosphere in a Magnetically Quiet Time Using OCTAVE Very Low Frequency and Low Frequency (VLF/LF) Observations (2023)
  • Author(s): Tanaka, K., H. Ohya, F. Tsuchiya, K. Nozaki, M. Teramoto, K. Shiokawa, Y. Miyoshi, M. Connors, and H. Nakata
  • Journal Title: URSI Radio Science Letters Volume: 4 Pages: 1-4
  • DOI: 10.46620/22-0049
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Atmospheric and ionospheric waves induced by the Hunga eruption on 15 January 2022; Doppler sounding and infrasound (2022)
  • Author(s): Chum, J., T. Sindelarova, P. K. Knizova, K. Podolska, J. Rusz, J. Baae, H. Nakata, K. Hosokawa, M. Danielides, C. Schmidt, L. Knez, J.-Y. Liu, M. G. Molina, M. Fagre, Z. K.-Joseph, H. Ohya, T. Omori, J. Lastovicka, D. O. Buresova, D. Kouba, J. Urbar, V. Truhlik
  • Journal Title: Geophysical Journal International Volume: 233 Issue: 2 Pages: 1429-1443
  • DOI: 10.1093/gji/ggac517
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] ACCURACY VERIFICATION OF DOWNBURST GUST PREDICTION ALGORITHM BY A HIGH DENSITY GROUND SURFACE OBSERVATION NETWORK (2022)
  • Author(s): 岩下 久人、小林 文明、諸富 和臣、嶋村 重治、樋口 篤志、大矢 浩代、鷹野 敏明、高村 民雄
  • Journal Title: Wind Engineering Research Volume: 27 Issue: 0 Pages: 144-153
  • DOI: 10.14887/windengresearch.27.0_144
  • ISSN: 2435-4384, 2435-5429
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Presentation] Effects of Lamb and Pekeris waves on the D-region ionosphere associated with the 2022 Tonga volcanic eruption using AVON VLF/LF transmitter signals (2023)
  • Author(s): H. Ohya, F. Tsuchiya, M. Kamogawa, T. Suzuki, J. Chum, T. Takamura, H. Shinagawa
  • Organizer: The 28th International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) General Assembly
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Coupling between the D-region ionosphere and atmosphere due to Lamb and Pekeris waves associated with the 2022 Tonga volcanic eruption based on observations of AVON VLF/LF transmitter signals (2023)
  • Author(s): Ohya, H., F. Tsuchiya, M. Kamogawa, T. Suzuki, J. Chum, T. Takamura
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union (JpGU) Meeting2023
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Variations in the D-region ionosphere after the 2022 Tonga volcanic eruption using AVON VLF/LF transmitter signals (2023)
  • Author(s): Ohya, H., F. Tsuchiya, M. Kamogawa, T. Suzuki, J. Chum, T. Takamura, H. Shinagawa
  • Organizer: SGEPSS Fall Meeting2023
• [Presentation] VLF/LF帯標準電波を用いた太陽フレア時の下部電離圏電子密度の不均一性に関する研究 (2023)
  • Author(s): 中山雅晴、大矢浩代、土屋史紀、塩川和夫、中田裕之
  • Organizer: 陸別・母子里ユーザーズミーティング2023
• [Presentation] POTEKA 利用の突風予測技術の精度検証報告 (2023)
  • Author(s): 岩下久人、小林文明、諸富和臣、嶋村重治、樋口篤志、大矢浩代、鷹野敏明、高村民雄
  • Organizer: 日本大気電気学会第101回研究発表会
• [Presentation] Extreme weather monitoring with lightning network and micro-satellites in SE Asia and Japan (2023)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, Y.
  • Organizer: THE INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CLIMATE, WATER, LAND, AND LIFE IN MONSOON ASIA
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Variations in atmospheric electric field and VLF/LF transmitter signals associated with Tonga volcanic eruption of 15 January, 2022 (2022)
  • Author(s): Ohya, H., F. Tsuchiya, J. Chum, T. Omori, and K. Shiokawa
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union (JpGU)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Diurnal and seasonal variations in the D-region ionosphere using LF transmitter signals (2022)
  • Author(s): Nozaki, Y., H. Ohya, F. Tsuchiya, H. Nakata, and K. Shiokawa
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union (JpGU)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Large solar flare effects on the D-region ionosphere using VLF/LF transmitter signals (2022)
  • Author(s): Nakayama, M., H. Ohya, F. Tsuchiya, K. Shiokawa
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union (JpGU)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] ULF modulation of VLF/LF transmitter signals in the D-region ionosphere (2022)
  • Author(s): Tanaka, K., H., Ohya, F. Tsuchiya, K. Shiokawa, Y. Miyoshi, M. Teramoto, M. Connors, H. Nakata
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union (JpGU)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Response of Atmospheric Electric Field and VLF/LF Transmitter Signals to Tonga Volcanic Eruption of 15 January, 2022 (2022)
  • Author(s): Ohya, H., F. Tsuchiya, J. Chum, T. Omori, and K. Shiokawa
  • Organizer: Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Statistical analysis of local time and seasonal dependence of D-region ionosphere using LF transmitter signals (2022)
  • Author(s): Nozaki, Y., H. Ohya, F. Tsuchiya, H. Nakata, K. Shiokawa
  • Organizer: Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] VLF/LF oscillations in the D-region ionosphere by ULF modulation (2022)
  • Author(s): Tanaka, K., H. Ohya, F. Tsuchiya, K. Shiokawa, Y. Miyoshi, M. Teramoto, M. Connors, and H. Nakata
  • Organizer: Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Horizontal Inhomogeneity In The D-region Ionosphere During A X-class Solar Flare Using VLF/LF Transmitter Signals (2022)
  • Author(s): Nakayama, M., H. Ohya, F. Tsuchiya, H. Nakata, and K. Shiokawa
  • Organizer: Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Variability and Role of the D-region Ionosphere Based on VLF/LF Wave Observations (2022)
  • Author(s): Ohya, H.
  • Organizer: International of Radio Science (URSI)-Japan Radio Science Meeting (JRSM)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Statistical Analysis of Local Time and Seasonal Variations in the Sub-Ionosphere Using LF Transmitter Signals (2022)
  • Author(s): Nozaki, Y., H. Ohya, F. Tsuchiya, K. Nozaki, H. Nakata, and K. Shiokawa
  • Organizer: International of Radio Science (URSI)-Japan Radio Science Meeting (JRSM)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Horizontal Inhomogeneity of Electron Density in the D-region Ionosphere During a X-class Solar Flare Using OCTAVE VLF/LF Observations (2022)
  • Author(s): Nakayama, M., H. Ohya, F. Tsuchiya, K. Shiokawa, K. Nozaki and H. Nakata
  • Organizer: International of Radio Science (URSI)-Japan Radio Science Meeting (JRSM)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Energetic Electron Precipitations from OCTAVE VLF/LF Observations (2022)
  • Author(s): Tanaka, K., H. Ohya, F. Tsuchiya, K. Shiokawa, Y. Miyoshi, M. Teramoto, K. Nozaki, M. Connors and H. Nakata
  • Organizer: International of Radio Science (URSI)-Japan Radio Science Meeting (JRSM)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Effects of the 2022 Tonga volcanic eruption on the D-region ionosphere based on observation of AVON VLF/LF transmitter signals (2022)
  • Author(s): Ohya, H., F. Tsuchiya, M. Kamogawa, T. Suzuki, J. Chum, T. Takamura
  • Organizer: 第152回地球電磁気・地球惑星圏学会講演会
• [Presentation] Local time and seasonal variability of the D-region Ionosphere using OCTAVE observations (2022)
  • Author(s): Nozaki, Y., H. Ohya, F. Tsuchiya, K. Nozaki, H. Nakata, K. Shiokawa
  • Organizer: 第152回地球電磁気・地球惑星圏学会講演会
• [Presentation] Horizontal inhomogeneity detected by OCTAVE VLF/LF observations during a X-class solar flare (2022)
  • Author(s): Nakayama, M., H. Ohya, F. Tsuchiya, K. Shiokawa, K. Nozaki, H. Nakata
  • Organizer: 第152回地球電磁気・地球惑星圏学会講演会
• [Presentation] Variations in the D-region ionosphere associated with Tonga volcanic eruptions of 15 July 2022 using VLF/LF transmitter signals (2022)
  • Author(s): Ohya, H., F. Tsuchiya, M. Kamogawa, T. Suzuki, J. Chum, and T. Takamura
  • Organizer: 10th VLF/ELF Remote Sensing of Ionosphere and Magnetospheres (VERSIM)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Local time and seasonal variations in the D-region ionosphere:Does it reflect SSW effects? (2022)
  • Author(s): Nozaki, Y., H. Ohya, F. Tsuchiya, K. Nozaki, H. Nakata, and K. Shiokawa
  • Organizer: 10th VLF/ELF Remote Sensing of Ionosphere and Magnetospheres (VERSIM)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Response of the D-region ionosphere to a X-class solar flare by OCTAVE VLF observations (2022)
  • Author(s): Nakayama, M., H. Ohya, F. Tsuchiya, K. Shiokawa, K. Nozaki and H. Nakata
  • Organizer: 10th VLF/ELF Remote Sensing of Ionosphere and Magnetospheres (VERSIM)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] ULF modulation of energetic electron precipitation in the D-region ionosphere in magnetically quiet time using OCTAVE VLF/LF observations (2022)
  • Author(s): Tanaka, K., H. Ohya, F. Tsuchiya, K. Shiokawa, Y. Miyoshi, M. Teramoto, K. Nozaki, M. Connors and H. Nakata
  • Organizer: 10th VLF/ELF Remote Sensing of Ionosphere and Magnetospheres (VERSIM)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 千葉北西部～房総半島におけるレーダ、衛星、地上観測による対流雲発生の観測的研究：これまでとこれから (2022)
  • Author(s): 樋口篤志、本橋優登、小林文明、諸富和臣、嶋村重治、大矢浩代、鷹野敏明、高村民雄、岩下久人、本吉弘岐、中井専人
  • Organizer: 水文・水資源学会研究発表会
• [Presentation] 地上稠密気象観測(POTEKA)を利用した突風予測手法の気温低下閾値(1分間2℃低下)のロバスト性確認 (2022)
  • Author(s): 岩下久人、小林文明、諸富和臣、嶋村重治、樋口篤志、大矢浩代、鷹野敏明、高村民雄
  • Organizer: 日本気象学会 2022年秋季大会
• [Presentation] 複数のレーダが捉えた積乱雲の内部構造の時間変化 (2022)
  • Author(s): 本橋優登、樋口篤志、小林文明、諸富和臣、嶋村重治、大矢浩代、鷹野敏明、高村民雄、岩下久人
  • Organizer: 日本気象学会 2022年秋季大会
• [Presentation] A constellation of micro-satellite for the earth, space, and planetary observation with advanced sensors and operation (2022)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, Y.
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union (JpGU)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] リモートセンシングでさぐる人間活動と自然環境の関係 (2022)
  • Author(s): 高橋幸弘
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union (JpGU)2022
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Extreme weather monitoring system using microsatellite and ground observation network in Asia (2022)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, Sato, M., Meryl Regine Algodon, and H. Kubota
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union (JpGU)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Toward construction of on-demand network for micro-satellite constellation (2022)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, Y.
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union (JpGU)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] CONTRIBUTION OF ADVANCED REMOTE SENSING WITH MICRO-SATELLITE TO EARTH OBSERVATION (2022)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, Y.
  • Organizer: IGARSS 2022
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Lightning Activities in Typhoon Clouds and Their Relation to the Typhoon Intensity Development (2022)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, Y., Sato, M., Meryl Regine Algodon, and H. Kubota
  • Organizer: Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS)2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 全天カメラを用いた雲底高度および雲量の推定法に関する検討 (2022)
  • Author(s): 根本敦哉、大矢浩代、鷹野敏明、高村民雄、A. Damiani, 中田裕之
  • Organizer: 日本大気電気学会第100回研究発表会
• [Presentation] Estimation of cloud base height using cloud images captured by all-sky cameras (2021)
  • Author(s): Nemoto, A., H. Ohya, T. Takano, T. Takamura, A. Damiani, and H. Nakata
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union (JpGU) Meeting 2021
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 全天カメラを用いた雲底高度および雲量の推定 (2021)
  • Author(s): 根本敦哉、大矢浩代、鷹野敏明、高村民雄、中田裕之
  • Organizer: 「太陽地球系物理学分野のデータ解析手法、ツールの理解と応用」研究集会
• [Presentation] Estimation of cloud base height and cloud cover from all-sky cloud imagers (2021)
  • Author(s): Nemoto, A., H. Ohya, T. Takano, T. Takamura, A. Damiani, and H. Nakata
  • Organizer: 第150回地球電磁気・地球惑星圏学会講演会
• [Presentation] Response of thunderstorms, rainfalls and snowfalls to global electric circuit in Kanto area using W-band cloud radar FALCON-I (2021)
  • Author(s): Ohya, H., M. Kamogawa, T. Suzuki, T. Takano, and K. Morotomi
  • Organizer: 第150回地球電磁気・地球惑星圏学会講演会
• [Presentation] Quasi-real time monitoring of lightning and weather in the Philippines and western north Pacific for the severe weather intensity prediction (2021)
  • Author(s): Sato, M., Y. Takahashi, H. Kubota, A. Noda, J. Hamada, and G. V. C. Lopez
  • Organizer: European Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly 2021
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Lightning activity in western north Pacific measured by the V-POTEKA network and its relation to typhoon intensity (2021)
  • Author(s): Sato, M., Y. Takahashi, H. Kubota, and G. V. C. Lopez
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union (JpGU) Meeting 2021
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Relation between lightning activities measured by the V-POTEKA network and typhoon intensity development (2021)
  • Author(s): Sato, M., Y. Takahashi, H. Kubota, and G. V. C. Lopez
  • Organizer: 第150回地球電磁気・地球惑星圏学会講演会
• [Presentation] Relation between intensity development of western north Pacific typhoons and lightning activities (2021)
  • Author(s): Sato, M., Y. Takahashi, H. Kubota, and G. V. C. Lopez
  • Organizer: American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting 2021
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 3D Reconstruction of Typhoon and Thunderstorm Cloud Top Using Airborne Camera (2021)
  • Author(s): Algodon, M., Y. Takahashi, M. Sato, H. Kubota, T. Ishida, K. Yamashita, E. C. Castro, G. J. P Perez, J. J. Marciano, J. Matsumoto, J. Hamada, K. Tsuboki, and H. Yamada
  • Organizer: European Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly 2021
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Scope and progress of ULAT/SATREPS project for extreme weather monitoring in Asia (2021)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, Y., M. Sato, H. Kubota, T. Ishida, L. J. Estrebillo, Purwadi, M. Algodon, G. Perez, J. Marciano, J. Matsumoto, J. Hamada
  • Organizer: 第150回地球電磁気・地球惑星圏学会講演会
• [Presentation] Coordinated observation system for extreme weathers consisting of AWS network with lightning sensor and micro-satellites (2021)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, Y., M. Sato, H. Kubota, T. Ishida, E. Castro, M. Algodon, G. Perez, and J. Marciano
  • Organizer: European Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly 2021
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Extreme weather monitoring based on coordinated observation system consisting of groundnetworks and micro-satellites (2021)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, Y., M. Sato, H. Kubota, T. Ishida, E. Castro, M. Algodon, Purwadi, G. Perez, J. Marciano, J. Matsumoto, J. Hamada
  • Organizer: American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting 2021
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 3D Reconstruction of Tropical Cyclone Trami (2018) eye and eyewall clouds observed by Airborne Camera (2021)
  • Author(s): Algodon, M., Y. Takahashi, M. Sato, H. Kubota, T. Ishida, K. Yamashita, E. C. Castro, G. J. P. Perez, J. J. Marciano, J. Matsumoto, J. Hamada, K. Tsuboki, and H. Yamada
  • Organizer: American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting 2021
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 台風に伴う発雷分布 ―台風中心壁雲付近で正極性落雷が多い事例― (2021)
  • Author(s): 原岡秀樹, 小林文明, 岩下久人, 諸富和臣, 嶋村重治, 鷹野敏明, 高村民雄, 樋口篤志
  • Organizer: 2021年度日本気象学会春季大会
• [Presentation] 地上稠密気象観測（POTEKA）を利用した突風予測手法の予測精度検証 (2021)
  • Author(s): 岩下久人，小林文明，諸富和臣，嶋村重治，樋口篤志，大矢浩代，鷹野敏明，高村民雄
  • Organizer: 日本気象学会秋季大会
• [Remarks] トンガ火山噴火によるペケリス波が引き起こした電離圏共鳴
  • URL: https://www.chiba-u.ac.jp/news/research-collab/post_445.html