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Synergistic Integration of Novel Superconductor Electronics for Energy-Efficient Computing Accelerators

Research Project

Project/Area Number 21K04191
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 21060:Electron device and electronic equipment-related
Research InstitutionYokohama National University

Principal Investigator

AYALA Christopher  横浜国立大学, 先端科学高等研究院, 特任教員(准教授) (90772195)

Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
Keywordssuperconductor / adiabatic / EDA / Josephson junction / AQFP / RSFQ / cryptography / hash / crypto / computing / sfq / aqfp / cryotron / nanowire / monolithic integration / energy-efficient / accelerators
Outline of Research at the Start

We will explore various emerging superconductor electronics to realize a practical path towards novel hybrid superconductor computing platforms that can meet the demands of today's data centric society with performance and energy-efficiency beyond what is possible with conventional technology.

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The application space for cryptography is an excellent target for superconductor electronics because it has intensive computational needs and high-power workloads. We developed the world’s first superconducting adiabatic SHA-3 block permutation unit chip to showcase the basic cryptographic hashing operations using adiabatic quantum-flux-parametron (AQFP) technology. It is a scaled down version of SHA-3 containing over 13,000 superconductor Josephson junction devices and operated up to 7 GHz with an energy dissipation of about 18.2 aJ/op. A larger scale chip is undergoing testing. Inspired by these results, we proposed a new architecture that combines two superconductor technologies: AQFP and RSFQ (rapid single flux quantum) technologies. It is a transport triggered architecture (TTA) that shows promise in both computational performance and energy efficiency in post-quantum cryptography benchmarks. This synergistic architecture will serve as the basis for future projects.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

We show that hashing operations are possible in superconductor technology and that there is viable path towards using multiple superconductor logics intelligently in this space. This helps improve cybersecurity for society while reducing power consumption to support ICT.

Report

(4 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (31 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 2021

All Journal Article (9 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 8 results,  Peer Reviewed: 9 results,  Open Access: 2 results) Presentation (22 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 19 results,  Invited: 9 results)

  • [Journal Article] The Effect of Quantised Flux on AQFP Circuits for a Double-Active-Layered Niobium Fabrication Process2024

    • Author(s)
      Schindler Lieze、Ayala Christopher L.、Takeuchi Naoki、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki
    • Journal Title

      IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity

      Volume: 34 Issue: 3 Pages: 1-8

    • DOI

      10.1109/tasc.2024.3354687

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Impact of Sequential Design on the Cost of Adiabatic Quantum-Flux Parametron Circuits2023

    • Author(s)
      Lee Siang-Yun、Ayala Christopher Lawrence、De Micheli Giovanni
    • Journal Title

      IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity

      Volume: 33 Issue: 8 Pages: 1-9

    • DOI

      10.1109/tasc.2023.3308408

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] A full-custom design flow and a top-down RTL-to-GDS flow for adiabatic quantum-flux-parametron logic using a commercial EDA design suite2023

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka Tomoyuki、Ayala Christopher L.、Whiteley Stephen、Mlinar Eric、Barker Aaron、Chen Song、Belov Anton、Barbee Troy、Kawa Jamil、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki
    • Journal Title

      IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity

      Volume: 33 Issue: 5 Pages: 1-7

    • DOI

      10.1109/tasc.2023.3261267

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report 2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Demonstration of Interface Circuits for Adiabatic Quantum-Flux-Parametron Cell Library Using an Eight-Metal Layer Superconductor Process2023

    • Author(s)
      Hironaka Yuki、Meher Sukanya S.、Ayala Christopher L.、He Yuxing、Tanaka Tomoyuki、Habib Mustapha、Sahu Anubhav、Inamdar Amol、Gupta Deepnarayan、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki
    • Journal Title

      IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity

      Volume: 33 Issue: 5 Pages: 1-5

    • DOI

      10.1109/tasc.2023.3244147

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Analysis and Stabilization of Signal Reflections in Gate-to-Gate Connections for AQFP Circuits2023

    • Author(s)
      Johnston Michael A.、Ayala Christopher L.、Tanaka Tomoyuki、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki
    • Journal Title

      IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity

      Volume: 33 Issue: 5 Pages: 1-5

    • DOI

      10.1109/tasc.2023.3239828

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Adopting a Standard Track Routing Architecture for Next-Generation Hybrid AC/DC-Biased Logic Circuits2023

    • Author(s)
      Schindler Lieze、Ayala Christopher L.、Jackman Kyle、Fourie Coenrad J.、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki
    • Journal Title

      IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity

      Volume: 33 Issue: 5 Pages: 1-5

    • DOI

      10.1109/tasc.2023.3258366

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] A 16-Bit Parallel Prefix Carry Look-Ahead Kogge-Stone Adder Implemented in Adiabatic Quantum-Flux-Parametron Logic2022

    • Author(s)
      TANAKA Tomoyuki、AYALA Christopher L.、YOSHIKAWA Nobuyuki
    • Journal Title

      IEICE Transactions on Electronics

      Volume: E105.C Issue: 6 Pages: 270-276

    • DOI

      10.1587/transele.2021SEP0001

    • NAID

      130008142620

    • ISSN
      0916-8524, 1745-1353
    • Year and Date
      2022-06-01
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Low-Latency Adiabatic Quantum-Flux-Parametron Circuit Integrated With a Hybrid Serializer/Deserializer2022

    • Author(s)
      Hironaka Yuki、Yamae Taiki、Ayala Christopher L.、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki、Takeuchi Naoki
    • Journal Title

      IEEE Access

      Volume: 10 Pages: 133584-133590

    • DOI

      10.1109/access.2022.3230447

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Low clock skew superconductor adiabatic quantum-flux-parametron logic circuits based on grid-distributed blocks2022

    • Author(s)
      He Yuxing、Ayala Christopher L、Zeng Yu、Zou Xihua、Yan Lianshan、Pan Wei、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki
    • Journal Title

      Superconductor Science and Technology

      Volume: 36 Issue: 1 Pages: 015006-015006

    • DOI

      10.1088/1361-6668/aca3d6

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Adiabatic Quantum-Flux-Parametron Digital Circuits:Design Methodologies, Applications and Future Prospects2024

    • Author(s)
      Christopher L. Ayala
    • Organizer
      2024 IEICE General Conference
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Multi-GHz zeptojoule computing using emerging adiabatic superconductor circuits2024

    • Author(s)
      Christopher L. Ayala, Yu Hoshika, Yuto Omori, Nobuyuki Yoshikawa
    • Organizer
      IEEE Computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI 2024
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Trapezoidal Dual Clocking for Architectural Synchronization in AQFP Circuits2023

    • Author(s)
      Christopher L. Ayala, Lieze Schindler, Michael Johnston, and Nobuyuki Yoshikawa
    • Organizer
      European Conference on Applied Superconductivity 2023
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Signal Integrity in high-frequency AQFP Circuits2023

    • Author(s)
      M. A. Johnston, C. L. Ayala and N. Yoshikawa
    • Organizer
      European Conference on Applied Superconductivity 2023
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] The Effect of Quantised Flux on AQFP Circuits for a Double-Active-Layered Niobium Fabrication Process2023

    • Author(s)
      Schindler Lieze、Ayala Christopher L.、Takeuchi Naoki、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki
    • Organizer
      European Conference on Applied Superconductivity 2023
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Leveraging Energy-Efficient Superconductor Electronics for Next Generation Cryptographic Computation2023

    • Author(s)
      Ayala Christopher L.、Tanaka Tomoyuki、Takagi Shohei、Schindler Lieze、Johnston Michael A.、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki
    • Organizer
      11th East Asia Symposium on Superconductor Electronics (EASSE 2023)
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Data Transmission Study for AQFP Circuits2023

    • Author(s)
      Johnston Michael A.、Ayala Christopher L.、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki
    • Organizer
      11th East Asia Symposium on Superconductor Electronics (EASSE 2023)
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Moat Design and Analysis for AQFP Circuits2023

    • Author(s)
      Schindler Lieze、Ayala Christopher L.、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki
    • Organizer
      11th East Asia Symposium on Superconductor Electronics (EASSE 2023)
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Ultra-Energy-Efficient Computing with Adiabatic Superconductor Devices2022

    • Author(s)
      Ayala Christopher L.
    • Organizer
      19th ACM International Conference on Computing Frontiers (CF’22) -- Workshop: Superconducting Session
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Overcoming Integration Challenges in Adiabatic Superconductor Electronics for Energy-Efficient Computing2022

    • Author(s)
      Ayala Christopher L.
    • Organizer
      International Symposium on Roadmapping Devices and Systems (ISRDS) 2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Energy-Efficient Superconductive Integrated Circuits Based on Adiabatic Quantum-Flux-Parametrons: Towards Large-Scale and High-Dense Integration2022

    • Author(s)
      Ayala Christopher L、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki
    • Organizer
      ISCA 2022: DISCoVER Workshop, New York
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Adiabatic Quantum-Flux-Parametron: Towards Large-Scale and Highly-Dense Integration2022

    • Author(s)
      Ayala Christopher L.
    • Organizer
      FSDL; Foundations of Superconducting Digital Logic Workshop
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Adiabatic Quantum-Flux-Parametron Research at YNU-IAS: Moving Towards Large-Scale Highly-Dense and Reliable Integration2022

    • Author(s)
      Ayala Christopher L.、Schindler Lieze、Johnston Michael A.、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki
    • Organizer
      2022 JSPS 146th Committee International Symposium on Superconductor Electronics
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Adopting a standard track routing architecture for next-generation hybrid ac/dc-biased logic circuits2022

    • Author(s)
      Schindler Lieze、Ayala Christopher L.、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki
    • Organizer
      2022 JSPS 146th Committee International Symposium on Superconductor Electronics
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Design of a hybrid superconductor logic computation system using single flux quantum and adiabatic quantum-flux-parametron logic families2022

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka Tomoyuki、Meher Sukanya S.、Ayala Christopher L.、Hironaka Yuki、Sahu Anubhav、Inamdar Amol、Gupta Deepnarayan、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki
    • Organizer
      2022 JSPS 146th Committee International Symposium on Superconductor Electronics
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] An adiabatic quantum-flux-parametron block permutation unit for a superconductor SHA-3 cryptoprocessor2022

    • Author(s)
      Ayala Christopher L.、Tanaka Tomoyuki、Saito Ro、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki
    • Organizer
      Applied Superconductivity Conference 2022 (ASC 2022)
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Demonstration of Interface Circuits for Adiabatic Quantum-Flux-Parametron Cell Library Using an Eight-Metal Layer Superconductor Process2022

    • Author(s)
      Hironaka Yuki、Meher Sukanya S.、Ayala Christopher L.、He Yuxing、Tanaka Tomoyuki、Habib Mustapha、Sahu Anubhav、Inamdar Amol、Gupta Deepnarayan、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki
    • Organizer
      Applied Superconductivity Conference 2022 (ASC 2022)
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Design of Energy-Efficient Adiabatic Quantum-Flux-Parametron Multiplier Families2022

    • Author(s)
      Takagi Shohei、Tanaka Tomoyuki、Ayala Christopher L.、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki
    • Organizer
      Applied Superconductivity Conference 2022 (ASC 2022)
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Demonstration of a hybrid superconductor logic computation system using single flux quantum and adiabatic quantum-flux-parametron logic families2022

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka Tomoyuki、Meher Sukanya S.、Ayala Christopher L.、Hironaka Yuki、Sahu Anubhav、Inamdar Amol、Gupta Deepnarayan、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki
    • Organizer
      Applied Superconductivity Conference 2022 (ASC 2022)
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] A full-custom design flow and a top-down RTL-to-GDS flow for adiabatic quantum-flux-parametron logic using a commercial EDA design suite2022

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka Tomoyuki、Ayala Christopher L.、Whiteley Stephen、Mlinar Eric、Barker Aaron、Chen Song、Belov Anton、Barbee Troy、Kawa Jamil、Yoshikawa Nobuyuki
    • Organizer
      Applied Superconductivity Conference 2022 (ASC 2022)
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Ultra-Energy-Efficient Computing with Superconductor Devices2021

    • Author(s)
      Christopher L. Ayala
    • Organizer
      2021 Annual Conference of Fundamentals and Materials Society, IEEJ
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Overcoming Integration Challenges in Adiabatic Superconductor Electronics for Energy-Efficient Computing2021

    • Author(s)
      Christopher L. Ayala
    • Organizer
      IEEE International Conference on Rebooting Computing (ICRC 2021)
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research

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Published: 2021-04-28   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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