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The experimental study to explore the determinants of "bullying" - Group closeness, exclusion and aggression

Research Project

Project/Area Number 21K18569
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 10:Psychology and related fields
Research InstitutionHiroshima Shudo University

Principal Investigator

Yokota Kunihiro  広島修道大学, 健康科学部, 教授 (80553031)

Project Period (FY) 2021-07-09 – 2025-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2024)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥3,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥720,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Keywords黒い羊効果 / 集団の閉鎖性 / いじめ / 閉鎖性
Outline of Research at the Start

集団の閉鎖性が黒い羊効果に影響することを検証するため、2021年度は質問紙実験、2022年度は実験室実験を行う。質問紙実験では、Marques et al. (1988) のStudy 2の実験の追試を通じ、参加者の所属集団を国籍・大学・部活と変更した3つの実験を実施する予定である。2022年では、集団の閉鎖性によってもたらされた黒い羊効果が、内集団成員への攻撃行動として現れるか否かを実験室実験で検討する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

To examine the presence of the black sheep effect, we conducted a questionnaire survey targeting both countries and baseball fans. In the study involving countries, participants read an article designed to manipulate perceived group closedness and were asked to write their impressions. The results showed that in cases of norm violation, in-group members were evaluated more negatively than out-group members, indicating the black sheep effect. However, when the members adhered to norms, no significant difference was observed between in-group and out-group evaluations, likely due to a ceiling effect. Additionally, the manipulation of group closedness did not yield any significant effects.

In the study with baseball fans, both impression ratings and emotional responses were measured. Group closedness was assessed using a relational mobility scale. However, due to a flaw in the questionnaire design, we were unable to adequately test the black sheep effect in this sample.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究の意義はいじめ問題の解決法の提案にある。本研究で着目した集団の閉鎖性という要因は、小中学校をはじめとした教育現場のみならず、職場などの労働環境にも適用することが可能である。これらの要因を元に環境改善を目指すことで、対人関係における問題を軽減させることも可能となる。すなわち、いじめを防止する環境づくりの基礎となる知見を提供することができる。また、いじめ研究において、より学際的に他の分野の知見を導入することは、いじめの発生や激化する過程を予測する精緻な理論の構築の一助となるだろう。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2024 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2023 Research-status Report
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report

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Published: 2021-07-13   Modified: 2026-01-16  

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