| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥3,250,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥750,000)
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| Research Abstract |
In order to clarify the generation mechanism of snowmelt flooding during the rain-on-snow event, rain simulation experiments over the snow surface were made in the three snowmelt seasons from 2011 to 2013 at the Moshiri snow hydrologic observatory, northern Hokkaido. In the experiment in 2012 (snow depth: 170 cm), the outflow from the bottom of snowpack began in 50 to 90 minutes after a watering start, and the total outflow was 46 to 48 L to the total watering amount of 120 to 170 L. When inflow and outflow rates were in a steady state, the rate of watering rain contained in outflow water was estimated 60 to 70 % using the water and the deuterium mass balance equations. Then, it turned out that percolating water within a snowpack during the rain-on-snow event showed a different runoff process during the snowmelt-only or weak rainfall event.
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