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Neural mechanisms of attention that facilitate extinction learning

Research Project

Project/Area Number 22K18645
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 10:Psychology and related fields
Research InstitutionShiga University of Medical Science (2023)
Kyoto University (2022)

Principal Investigator

Ogawa Masaaki  滋賀医科大学, 医学部, 教授 (00716186)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 伊佐 正  京都大学, 医学研究科, 教授 (20212805)
Project Period (FY) 2022-06-30 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥6,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
Keywords注意
Outline of Research at the Start

心理学分野では古くから、「注意とは何かを知らない人はいない」と言われるが、その神経メカニズムは、未だその多くが不明である。本研究は、以前は得られた報酬が得られなくなる際にその報酬の消去学習を促進する注意に着目する。消去学習を定量的に評価できる行動モデルをラットで開発し、それをミリ秒から秒単位の精度で神経活動を計測し、操作する、先端的な神経科学の技術と融合する。その結果、注意を担う神経メカニズムの理解を変革する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In the field of psychology, it has long been said that everyone knows what attention is but many aspects of its neural mechanisms remain unknown. This study aimed to develop techniques to elucidate the neural mechanisms of attention that promote learning when there is a discrepancy between expected and actual rewards, known as disappointment; in other words, the attention that facilitates extinction learning.
Firstly, a rat behavior model was developed to quantitatively evaluate behavior in response to reward disappointment occurring within sub-second intervals. Secondly, to investigate whether the increase in neurotransmitters at the moment of disappointment causally promotes extinction learning, a behavioral task was developed that integrates with optogenetic methods to control the activity of neural circuits with millisecond precision.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

注意という心理機能は、非常に身近なものであるが、特に、学習の度合いを調節する注意の神経メカニズムは、未だその多くが不明である。本研究は、思ったとおりにうまくいかない期待外れが生じる際に、その学習を促進する注意、すなわち消去学習を促進する注意の神経メカニズムを解明するための基礎となる技術開発を行った。本研究が対象とする神経伝達物質アセチルコリンは、記憶や認知に関わると共に、認知症や不安などに関わることが知られる。よって本研究開発は、注意機能の神経基盤を明らかにすると共に、将来的に精神・神経疾患の理解と治療につながる可能性がある。

Report

(3 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (14 results)

All 2023 2022 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (1 results) Journal Article (1 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 1 results,  Open Access: 1 results) Presentation (10 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Invited: 3 results) Remarks (2 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] 北京大学(中国)

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Dopamine error signal to actively cope with lack of expected reward2023

    • Author(s)
      Ishino Seiya、Kamada Taisuke、Sarpong Gideon A.、Kitano Julia、Tsukasa Reo、Mukohira Hisa、Sun Fangmiao、Li Yulong、Kobayashi Kenta、Naoki Honda、Oishi Naoya、Ogawa Masaaki
    • Journal Title

      Science Advances

      Volume: 9 Issue: 10 Pages: 1-19

    • DOI

      10.1126/sciadv.ade5420

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Basal forebrain-hippocampus cholinergic signaling facilitates associative learning for behavioral adjustment in the absence of expected reward2023

    • Author(s)
      Hisa Mukohira, Seiya Ishino, Taisuke Kamada, Masaaki Ogawa
    • Organizer
      第46回日本神経科学大会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 報酬の欠如に対する行動適応を促進する海馬のアセチルコリン神経伝達2023

    • Author(s)
      向平 妃沙, 石野 誠也, 鎌田 泰輔, 小川 正晃
    • Organizer
      第115回 近畿生理学談話会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Cholinergic signaling in the hippocampus facilitates associative learning for behavioral adjustment to absence of reward2023

    • Author(s)
      Hisa Mukohira, Seiya Ishino, Taisuke Kamada, Masaaki Ogawa
    • Organizer
      Neurosciece 2023
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Dopamine error signal to actively cope with lack of expected reward2023

    • Author(s)
      Masaaki Ogawa
    • Organizer
      Universitat Hamburg-Kyoto University Join Symposium
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Neural mechanisms to actively cope with lack of expected reward: role of dopamine2023

    • Author(s)
      Masaaki Ogawa
    • Organizer
      日本生理学会第100回記念大会
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] A pontential role of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in learning of reward omission2022

    • Author(s)
      向平 妃沙、石野 誠也、鎌田 泰輔、小川 正晃
    • Organizer
      第45回日本神経科学大会
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Midbrain dopamine neurons signal opposing reward prediction errors to continue reward pursuit2022

    • Author(s)
      石野 誠也、鎌田 泰輔、Gideon Sarpong、司 怜央、向平 妃沙、小林 憲太、本田 直樹、大石 直也、小川 正晃
    • Organizer
      第45回日本神経科学大会
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Basal forebrain-hippocampus cholinergic signaling facilitates learning for behavioral adjustment in the absence of expected reward2022

    • Author(s)
      Hisa Mukohira, Seiya Ishino, Taisuke Kamada, Masaaki Ogawa
    • Organizer
      Neuroscience 2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] A dopamine circuit for active switching toward the pursuit of future reward2022

    • Author(s)
      Seiya Ishino, Taisuke Kamada, Gideon A. Sarpong, Julia Kitano, Reo Tsukasa, Hisa Mukohira, Fangmiao Sun, Yulong Li, Kenta Kobayashi, Naoki Honda, Naoya Oishi, Masaaki Ogawa
    • Organizer
      Neuroscience 2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 期待外れを乗り越える神経基盤2022

    • Author(s)
      小川正晃
    • Organizer
      生理学研究所研究会
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Remarks] 滋賀医科大学 生理学講座 生体システム生理学部門(小川研究室)

    • URL

      https://sites.google.com/view/ogawagroup/

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 小川正晃 研究室

    • URL

      https://sites.google.com/view/ogawagroup/

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report

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Published: 2022-07-05   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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