| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,810,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,110,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This study deals with the shifting conceptions of citizenship in the U.S. by reviewing previous statutes and court decisions concerning citizenship and Native Americans that led to the 1924 legislation's passage. Citizenship grants to all "non-citizen Indians" signified the end of their exclusion from the American political arena. More importantly, it also symbolized a shift in policy by separating citizenship from questions of tribal affiliation and federal guardianship over tribal property. This study compares the changes in the legal status of “non-citizen Indians" and that of “non-citizen nationals" granted to the inhabitants of overseas American territories by the United States at the turn of the twentieth century. By reviewing the discussion among statesmen and lobbyists, the study also argues that citizenship for Native Americans consequently forced a change in the definition and scope of American citizenship.
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