| Budget Amount *help |
¥22,230,000 (Direct Cost: ¥17,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥5,130,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥5,070,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,170,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥8,320,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,920,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Circadian profiles, for example typical clock genes such as Bmal1, Clock and Cry, and transporter genes such as Sglt1, Pept1 and Mdr1, existing in the liver and small intestine were analyzed in mice. Following, database about circadian system regulating bioavailability of food factors were summarized. These circadian system including clock genes was affected by the environmental factors, for example nocturnal light and isolation stress exposure into mice. Furthermore, the effects of consumption timing at active- or inactive-phase on bioavailability of bilberry anthocyanins were evaluated. Their gastric emptying rate was significantly faster upon administration at the active-phase than that of the inactive-phase. Their amounts appeared in the plasma suggested also different time-dependent property, implying that the intensity of beneficial effects of anthocyanins might be different in the alimentary canal and/or physiological environment according to their consumption timing.
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