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Chemical evolution of organic compounds and aqueous salts in carbonaceous asteroids

Research Project

Project/Area Number 23H00148
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Medium-sized Section 17:Earth and planetary science and related fields
Research InstitutionKyushu University

Principal Investigator

奈良岡 浩  九州大学, 理学研究院, 教授 (20198386)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 濱瀬 健司  九州大学, 薬学研究院, 教授 (10284522)
Project Period (FY) 2023-04-01 – 2027-03-31
Project Status Granted (Fiscal Year 2025)
Budget Amount *help
¥47,970,000 (Direct Cost: ¥36,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥11,070,000)
Fiscal Year 2026: ¥6,370,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,470,000)
Fiscal Year 2025: ¥9,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,100,000)
Fiscal Year 2024: ¥9,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,100,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥23,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥18,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥5,400,000)
Keywords小惑星リュウグウ / 小惑星ベンヌ / 有機分子 / 水溶性塩 / 化学進化 / 有機化合物 / 光学異性体分析 / 質量分析 / 小惑星物質 / 小惑星 / 立体異性体 / リュウグウ / 炭素質小惑星 / 隕石 / 立体異性体化合物
Outline of Research at the Start

自然界では至る所に多くの種類の有機化合物が見出され、原始太陽系に存在した有機化合物は地球での生命の誕生に関わっている可能性があり興味が持たれている。本研究では炭素質小惑星の水溶性成分を分析して、無機・有機イオンと有機分子の状態を明らかにし、始原的小惑星の塩水組成などの水圏環境と有機物の化学進化を解明する。さらに、無機塩と簡単な有機分子が反応して生成する光学異性体を持つ有機イオン種の立体化学を明らかにする。リュウグウ試料と種々の炭素質隕石の研究と合わせて、原始太陽系で起こった水―無機イオン―有機物の化学進化を解析する。

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

本年度は炭素質小惑星リュウグウ試料に引き続き、アメリカNASAのOSIRIS-REx計画によって得られた炭素質小惑星ベンヌ試料の無機・有機イオンと有機分子の分析を行い、多くの研究成果を得た。ベンヌ試料にもアミノ酸や核酸塩基を始め様々な有機分子の存在を解明し、シンポジウムや論文などで発表を行った。ベンヌ試料にはリュウグウ試料に比較してアンモニウムイオンや窒素を含む化合物が多いなどの特徴があった。また、二次元クロマトグラフィー蛍光検出分析によって、アミノ酸とヒドロキシ酸の同時分析を行い、光学異性体分布も明らかにした。さらにベンヌ試料の鉱物組成の違いによって、リンを含む水溶性塩が存在するなど新たな発見もあった。これらは小惑星母天体における岩石鉱物と水の反応が水溶性塩と有機化合物の化学進化に大きく影響していると理解できる。
さらに種々の炭素質隕石も分析することによって、小惑星試料との有機分子分布の違いも明らかにすることができた。特に母天体での水質変成度の増加に伴って、含窒素環状化合物の炭素鎖伸長が起こることを明らかにした。リュウグウとベンヌ試料中の含窒素環状化合物の分布はこれらの水質変成度から予想される分布と一致しており、炭素質隕石と炭素質小惑星における有機化合物の合成過程の共通性として認識できた。
小惑星試料の分析を通して、国内の研究機関の研究者ばかりではなく、NASAゴダード宇宙飛行センターなどの海外研究者と国際共同研究を実施し、成果を上げることができた。

Current Status of Research Progress
Current Status of Research Progress

1: Research has progressed more than it was originally planned.

Reason

小惑星リュウグウおよびベンヌのリターン試料を用いて順調に研究成果が得られているばかりではなく、新たに化学進化にとって重要な水溶性イオン化合物を発見できたため。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

小惑星試料と炭素質隕石を用いて有機分子と水溶性イオンを分析することにより、引き続き原始太陽系における化学進化を理解する。予想以上の成果が得られているので、今後の発展を考えた新たな研究計画も模索する。

Report

(3 results)
  • 2024 Annual Research Report
  • 2023 Comments on the Screening Results   Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (24 results)

All 2025 2024 2023 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (4 results) Journal Article (11 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 9 results,  Peer Reviewed: 9 results,  Open Access: 9 results) Presentation (9 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 6 results,  Invited: 2 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] NASA Goddard Space Flight Center(米国)

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen(ドイツ)

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] NASA Goddard Space Flight Center/California Institute of Technology(米国)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Technische University Muenchen/Helmholtz Munich(ドイツ)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Abundant ammonia and nitrogen-rich soluble organic matter in samples from asteroid (101955) Bennu2025

    • Author(s)
      Glavin Daniel P.、Dworkin Jason P.、Yasuhiro Oba (62人中45番目)et al.
    • Journal Title

      Nature Astronomy

      Volume: 9 Issue: 2 Pages: 199-210

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41550-024-02472-9

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Primordial aqueous alteration recorded in water-soluble organic molecules from the carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu2024

    • Author(s)
      Takano Yoshinori、Naraoka Hiroshi、Dworkin Jason P.、Koga Toshiki、Sasaki Kazunori、Hikaru Yabuta (代表者は26番目)、ほか37名 4.巻 15
    • Journal Title

      Nature Communications

      Volume: 15 Issue: 1 Pages: 5708-5708

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41467-024-49237-6

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Breunnerite grain and magnesium isotope chemistry reveal cation partitioning during aqueous alteration of asteroid Ryugu2024

    • Author(s)
      Yoshimura Toshihiro、Araoka Daisuke、Naraoka Hiroshi、Hikaru Yabuta(18番目)、ほか32名
    • Journal Title

      Nature Communications

      Volume: 15 Issue: 1 Pages: 6809-6809

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41467-024-50814-y

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Enantioselective three-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of amino acids in the Hayabusa2 returned samples from the asteroid Ryugu2024

    • Author(s)
      Furusho Aogu、Ishii Chiharu、Akita Takeyuki、Oyaide Mai、Mita Masashi、Hikaru Yabuta(代表者は 55番目)、ほか67名
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Chromatography Open

      Volume: 5 Pages: 100134-100134

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100134

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Abundant extraterrestrial purine nucleobases in the Murchison meteorite: Implications for a unified mechanism for purine synthesis in carbonaceous chondrite parent bodies2024

    • Author(s)
      Koga, T., Takano, Y., Oba, Y., Naraoka, H., and Ohkouchi, N.
    • Journal Title

      Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

      Volume: 365 Pages: 253-265

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.gca.2023.10.024

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report 2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] リュウグウの有機分子から見た宇宙での化学進化2024

    • Author(s)
      奈良岡浩
    • Journal Title

      化学と工業

      Volume: 77 Pages: 104-106

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] はやぶさ2試料の有機分子分析2024

    • Author(s)
      奈良岡浩
    • Journal Title

      日本惑星科学会誌

      Volume: 33 Pages: 454-462

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Chemical evolution of primordial salts and organic sulfur molecules in the asteroid 162173 Ryugu2023

    • Author(s)
      Yoshimura, Toshihiro; Takano, Yoshinori; Naraoka, Hiroshi and 84 more (Yabuta, H.は26番目)
    • Journal Title

      Nature Communications

      Volume: 14 Issue: 1 Pages: 5284-5284

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41467-023-40871-0

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Soluble organic matter Molecular atlas of Ryugu reveals cold hydrothermalism on C-type asteroid parent body2023

    • Author(s)
      Schmitt-Kopplin, Philippe; Hertkorn, Norbert; Harir, Mourad and 56 more (Yabuta, H.は15番目)
    • Journal Title

      Nature Communications

      Volume: 14 Issue: 1 Pages: 6525-6525

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41467-023-42075-y

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Investigating the impact of x‐ray computed tomography imaging on soluble organic matter in the Murchison meteorite: Implications for Bennu sample analyses2023

    • Author(s)
      Glavin, D.P., Eckley, S.A., Aponte, J.C., Berger, E.L., Burton, A.S., Dworkin, J.P., Elsila, J.E., Ferguson, F.T., Furukawa, Y., Graham, H.V., Koga, T., Liss, M., McLain, H.L., Naraoka, H., Oba, Y., Parker, E.T., Righter, K., Schmitt-Kopplin, P., Simkus, D.N., Takano, Y., Connolly, H.C.Jr., and Lauretta, D.S. et al.
    • Journal Title

      Meteoritics & Planetary Science

      Volume: 59 Issue: 1 Pages: 105-133

    • DOI

      10.1111/maps.14111

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in samples of Ryugu formed in the interstellar medium2023

    • Author(s)
      Zeichner S. S., Aponte J. C., Bhattacharjee S., Dong G., Hofmann A. E., ..., Tachibana S., et al
    • Journal Title

      Science

      Volume: 382 Issue: 6677 Pages: 1411-1416

    • DOI

      10.1126/science.adg6304

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Organic molecules in carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu2024

    • Author(s)
      1)Naraoka Hiroshi, Takano Yoshinori, Dworkin Jason, P., Hayabusa2-initial-analysis SOM team and Hayabusa2-initial-analysis core
    • Organizer
      45th COSPAR 2024, Busan, South Korea, July 14-20, 2024
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 小惑星リュウグウの有機化合物から見えてきたこと2024

    • Author(s)
      奈良岡浩
    • Organizer
      2024年度日本地球化学会第66回年会, 金沢大学角間キャンパス, 2024年9月18-20日
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 地球外物質中の多環芳香族炭化水素の分布と起源2024

    • Author(s)
      奈良岡浩
    • Organizer
      第41回有機地球化学シンポジウム, 島根大学松江キャンパス, 2024年9月26-27日
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Organic molecules in Ryugu: Their origins and formation mechanisms2024

    • Author(s)
      Naraoka Hiroshi, Takano Yoshinori, Dworkin Jason, P., Hayabusa2-initial-analysis SOM team and Hayabusa2-initial-analysis core
    • Organizer
      Symposium on Next Generation Astrochemistry, Nihonbashi, Tokyo, November 19-22, 2024
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Isotopic and organic molecular distributions of Asuka 12 CM chondrites2024

    • Author(s)
      Naraoka Hiroshi
    • Organizer
      The 47th Antarctic Meteorite Symposium, National Institute of Polar Research, December 5, 2024
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Chirality of amino acids in the asteroid Ryugu determined by a three-dimensional HPLC system2024

    • Author(s)
      6)Furusho Aogu, Ishii Chiharu, Akita Takeyuki, Oyaide Mai, Mita Masashi, Naraoka Hiroshi, and Hamase Kenji
    • Organizer
      The 6th International Conference of D-Amino Acid Research, Kanazawa, August 21, 2024
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] CHN molecules related to hydrous mineral contents in carbonaceous chondrites2024

    • Author(s)
      Naraoka Hiroshi
    • Organizer
      Solar-System Symposium in Sapporo 2024
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Organic ingredients of primordial brines in carbonaceous asteroids2023

    • Author(s)
      Naraoka Hiroshi
    • Organizer
      Brines Across the Solar System: Ancient & Future Brines Conference
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 炭素質コンドライト中の含水鉱物の水素同位体比からみた水質小惑星の分布2023

    • Author(s)
      奈良岡浩, 圦本尚義
    • Organizer
      2023年度日本地球化学会第65回年会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2023-04-13   Modified: 2026-04-10  

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