日韓ＶＬＢＩ網で探る巨大ブラックホールからの相対論的ジェット噴流

• Project/Area Number: 24540240
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Astronomy
• Research Institution: Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
• Principal Investigator: 紀 基樹 独立行政法人宇宙航空研究開発機構, 宇宙科学研究所, 研究員 (70531234)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 澤田 聡子 国立天文台, 水沢VLBI観測所, 研究員 (00452631) ; 永井 洋 国立天文台, チリ観測所, 助教 (00455198) ; 土居 明広 独立行政法人宇宙航空研究開発機構, 宇宙科学研究所, 助教 (90403641)
• Project Period (FY): 2012-04-01 – 2014-03-31
• Project Status: Discontinued (Fiscal Year 2012)
• Budget Amount: ¥5,070,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,170,000); Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000); Fiscal Year 2013: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000); Fiscal Year 2012: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
• Keywords: ブラックホール / 相対論的ジェット / VLBI / 電波 / 韓国: イタリア / 韓国：イタリア

Research Abstract

まず、昨年度に達成した22GHz対でのジェット噴流のイメージ品質の向上に続き、本年度は43GHz対においても同様の品質向上イメージの取得に成功した。これらの結果は日韓合同アレイのイメージング性能評価のまとめとして論文にまとめた。現在論文投稿中(Niinuma, Lee, Kino et al.)である。
次に、VERAアレイの22GHz帯と43GHz帯両方を用いた密な観測頻度によるジェット運動速度の計測を実行した。その結果、22GHz帯で計測した中心ブラックホールからより遠い一での運動速度よりも、43GHz帯で計測したブラックホールにより近い一でのジェットの運動速度のほうが遅いという観測的示唆を初めて得た。この観測結果は、磁場駆動型ジェット理論モデルが予言する傾向と一致する。この成果は現在論文投稿中である(Hada, Giloretti, Kino et al., 2014, ApJ, submitted)。さらには、VLBI観測データに基づいたジェット根元部分での磁場と相対論的電子のエネルギー密度を推定する理論的方法を新たに提案し、実際にM87ジェット根元の磁場と電子のエネルギー密度を定量的に評価した。本結果は(Kino et al. 2014, ApJ)にて出版した。
日韓合同アレイによる密な観測頻度によるジェット運動速度の観測も、本年度の後半に実行するこができた。現在は観測データの相関処理中である。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Relativistic Electrons and Magnetic Fields of the M87 Jet on the ~10 Schwarzschild Radii Scale (2014)
  • Author(s): Kino, M., Takahara, F., Hada, K., and Doi, A.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 786 Issue: 1 Pages: 5-12
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/786/1/5
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Limb-brightened Jet of 3C 84 Revealed by the 43 GHz Very-Long-Baseline-Array Observation (2014)
  • Author(s): Nagai, H.; Haga, T.; Giovannini, G.; Doi, A.; Orienti, M.; D'Ammando, F.; Kino, M.; Nakamura, M.; Asada, K.; Hada, K.; Giroletti, M.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 785 Issue: 1 Pages: 53-58
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/785/1/53
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] The TeV blazar Markarian 421 at the highest spatial resolution (2013)
  • Author(s): Blasi, M. G.; Lico, R.; Giroletti, M.; Orienti, M.; Giovannini, G.; Cotton, W.; Edwards, P. G.; Fuhrmann, L.; Krichbaum, T. P.; Kovalev, Y. Y.; Jorstad, S.; Marscher, A.; Kino, M.; Paneque, D.; Perez-Torres, M. A.; Piner, B. G.; Sokolovsky, K. V.
  • Journal Title: Astronomy & Astrophysics Volume: Volume 559 Pages: A75-A75
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201321858
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The Innermost Collimation Structure of the M87 Jet Down to ~10 Schwarzschild Radii (2013)
  • Author(s): Hada, K., Kino, M., Doi, A., Nagai, H., Honma, M., Hagiwara, Y., Giroletti, M., Giovannini, G., Kawaguchi, N.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 775 Issue: 1 Pages: 70-76
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/775/1/70
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] VLBI Imagings of a Kilo-Parsec Knot in 3C 380 (2013)
  • Author(s): Koyama, S., Kino, M., Nagai, H., Hada, K., Kameno, S., Kobayashi , H.
  • Journal Title: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan Volume: 65 Issue: 2 Pages: 29-35
  • DOI: 10.1093/pasj/65.2.29
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The GENJI Programme: Gamma-Ray Emitting Notable AGN Monitoring by Japanese VLBI (2013)
  • Author(s): Nagai, Hiroshi; Kino, Motoki; Niinuma, Kotaro; Akiyama, Kazunori; Hada, Kazuhiro; Koyama, Shoko; Orienti, Monica; Hiura, Koichiro; Sawada-Satoh, Satoko; Honma, Mareki et al.
  • Journal Title: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan Volume: 65
  • NAID: 40020043151
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] ALMA Continuum Spectrum of the M87 Nucleus. Quasi-simultaneous continuum observations at bands-3,6,7, and 9 (2013)
  • Author(s): Doi, A., Hada, K., Nagai, H., Kino, M., Honma, M., Akiyama, K., Oyama and T., Kono, Y.
  • Journal Title: EPJ Web of Conferences Volume: 61 Pages: 8008-8008
  • DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20136108008
• [Journal Article] VERA monitoring of a blazar OJ 287 (2013)
  • Author(s): Sawada-Satoh, S., Akiyama, K., Kino, M., Nagai, H. and Niinuma, K.
  • Journal Title: EPJ Web of Conferences Volume: 61 Pages: 8007-8007
  • DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20136108007
• [Journal Article] Very Long Baseline Polarimetric monitoring at 15 GHz of the TeV blazar Markarian 421 (2013)
  • Author(s): Lico, R.; Casadio, C.; Gómez, J. L.; Giroletti, M.; Orienti, M.; Giovannini, G.; Blasi, M. G.; Cotton, W.; Edwards, P. G.; Fuhrmann, L. et al.
  • Journal Title: EPJ Web of Conferences Volume: 61 Pages: 07004-07004
  • DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20136107004
• [Journal Article] Probing the Radio Counterpart of Gamma-ray Flaring Region in 3C 84 (2013)
  • Author(s): Nagai, H., Orienti, M., Kino, M., Doi, A., Giovannini, G., Asada, K., D'Ammando, F., Haga, T., Giroletti, M., Hada, K.
  • Journal Title: The European Physical Journal Web of Conferences Volume: 61 Pages: 040081-040085
  • DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20136104008
• [Journal Article] Energy densities of magnetic field and relativistic electrons at the inner most region of the M87 jet (2013)
  • Author(s): Kino, M., Takahara, F., Hada, K., Doi, A.
  • Journal Title: The European Physical Journal Web of Conferences Volume: 61 Pages: 010091-010094
  • DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20136101009
• [Journal Article] New Class of Very High Energy y-Ray Emitters: Radio-dark Mini Shells Surrounding Active Galactic Nucleus Jets (2013)
  • Author(s): Kino, et al.
  • Journal Title: Astrophysical Journal Volume: 764 Issue: 2 Pages: 134-139
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/764/2/134
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Radio and γ-ray follow-up of the exceptionallyhigh-activity state of PKS 1510-089 in 2011 (2013)
  • Author(s): Monika Orienti
  • Journal Title: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Volume: 428 Issue: 3 Pages: 2418-2429
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/sts201
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Nuclear Radio Jet from a Low-luminosity Active Galactic Nucleus in NGC 4258 (2013)
  • Author(s): Doi et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 765
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Very Long Baseline Array Imaging of Parsec-scale Radio Emissions in Nearby Radio-quiet Narrow-line Seyfert 1 Galaxies (2013)
  • Author(s): Doi et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 765
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Radio-to-γ-ray monitoring of the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy PMN J0948 + 0022 from 2008 to 2011 (2012)
  • Author(s): Foschini et al.
  • Journal Title: Astronomy & Astrophysics Volume: 548 Pages: 106-120
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201220225
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] VLBI Observations of the Jet in M 87 during the Very High Energy y-Ray Flare in 2010 April (2012)
  • Author(s): Hada, Kino, Nagai, Doi, Hagiwara, et al.
  • Journal Title: Astrophysical Journal Volume: 760 Issue: 1 Pages: 52-57
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/760/1/52
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] "Possible Detection of Apparent Superluminal Inward Motion in Markarian 421 after the Giant X-Ray Flare in 2010 February (2012)
  • Author(s): K. Niinuma, M. Kino, H. Nagai, N. Isobe, K. E. Gabanyi, K. Hada, S. Koyama, K. Asada, T. Oyama, and K. Fujisawa
  • Journal Title: Astrophysical Journal Volume: 759 Issue: 2 Pages: 84-84
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/759/2/84
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] VLBA monitoring of Mrk 421 at 15 GHz and 24 GHz during 2011 (2012)
  • Author(s): Lico, Kino, et al.
  • Journal Title: Astronomy & Astrophysics Volume: 545 Pages: 117-125
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201219870
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] Magnetic field at the jet base in M87 (2014)
  • Author(s): Kino, M.
  • Organizer: Understanding relativistic jets with polarimetry and synergetics study from radio to TeV
  • Place of Presentation: 広島大学理学部
  • Invited
• [Presentation] M87における2012年TeVγ線活動に同期したブラックホール近傍数10シュバルツシルト半径以内からの強い電波増光の検出 (2014)
  • Author(s): 秦和弘
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会春季年会
  • Place of Presentation: 国際基督教大学
• [Presentation] Status report of KaVA AGN sub-WG (2013)
  • Author(s): Kino, M.
  • Organizer: East Asia VLBI workshop 2013
  • Place of Presentation: Jeju island
• [Presentation] Highlight of AGN study with VLBI (2013)
  • Author(s): Kino, M.
  • Organizer: 4th KVN+VERA Science meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Jeju island
• [Presentation] M87ジェット最深部での磁場と相対論的電子のエネルギー密度比 (2013)
  • Author(s): 紀基樹
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会秋季年会
  • Place of Presentation: 東北大学
• [Presentation] VLBIで探るジェットからの高エネルギー放射領域の位置 (2012)
  • Author(s): 紀 基樹
  • Organizer: 高エネルギー天体研究会2012
  • Place of Presentation: 首都大学
• [Presentation] CTAで探る低光度AGNミニシェルからの超高エネルギーγ線 (2012)
  • Author(s): 紀 基樹
  • Organizer: 特別推進研究研究会・宇宙線研究所共同利用研究会 「高エネルギーガンマ線でみる極限宇宙2012」
  • Place of Presentation: 東京大学宇宙線研
• [Presentation] CTAで探る低光度AGNミニシェルからの超高エネルギーγ線 (2012)
  • Author(s): 紀 基樹
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会
  • Place of Presentation: 大分大学
• [Presentation] AGN observations with KVN + VERA: M87 and Sgr A* (2012)
  • Author(s): M. Kino
  • Organizer: Eating VLBI
  • Place of Presentation: CNR/IRA, Bologna, Italy
• [Presentation] Initial report on AGN jet observations with KVN + VERA: M87 and Sgr A* (2012)
  • Author(s): M. Kino
  • Organizer: 3rd KVN+VERA Science meeting
  • Place of Presentation: NAOJ, Mizusawa, Japan
• [Presentation] Initial report on AGN jet observations with KVN + VERA: M87 and Sgr A* (2012)
  • Author(s): M. Kino
  • Organizer: East Asia VLBI workshop 2012
  • Place of Presentation: ASIAA, Taiwan