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Antibody-mediated inhibition of filovirus budding

Research Project

Project/Area Number 24658252
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Applied veterinary science
Research InstitutionHokkaido University

Principal Investigator

TAKADA Ayato  北海道大学, 人獣共通感染症リサーチセンター, 教授 (10292062)

Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha) ITO Kimihito  北海道大学, 人獣共通感染症リサーチセンター, 准教授 (60396314)
IGARASHI Manabu  北海道大学, 人獣共通感染症リサーチセンター, 特任助教 (10374240)
Project Period (FY) 2012-04-01 – 2014-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2013)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
Keywords疾病予防・制御 / 抗体 / 中和 / 粒子形成 / フィロウイルス
Research Abstract

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific to Marburg virus glycoprotein (GP) were produced to analyze their activity to suppress the virus budding. We found that some of the MAbs, which did not have a classical neutralizing activity, efficiently inhibited the budding and release of MARV particles from infected cells. A couple of escape variants selected by these MAbs had deletions of the mucin-like region in GP or single amino acid substitutions in the furin-recognition motif in GP. These results demonstrate a novel mechanism of antibody-mediated inhibition of MARV budding and the extraordinary structural flexibility and variability of MARV GP to escape from immunological pressure of antibodies.

Report

(3 results)
  • 2013 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2012 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (50 results)

All 2014 2013 2012 Other

All Journal Article (16 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 16 results) Presentation (30 results) (of which Invited: 4 results) Book (3 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Virus nomenclature below the species level : a standardized nomenclature for filovirus strains and variants rescued from cDNA2014

    • Author(s)
      Kuhn JH, Bào Y, Bavari S, Becker S, Bradfute S, Brauburger K, Rodney Brister J, Bukreyev AA, Caì Y, Chandran K, Davey RA, Dolnik O, Dye JM, Enterlein S, Gonzalez JP, Formenty P, Freiberg AN, Hensley LE, Hoenen T, Honko AN, Ignatyev GM, Jahrling PB, Johnson KM, Klenk HD, Kobinger G, Lackemeyer MG, Leroy EM, Lever MS, Mühlberger E, Netesov SV, Olinger GG, Palacios G, Patterson JL, Paweska JT, Pitt L, Radoshitzky SR, Ryabchikova EI, Saphire EO, Shestopalov AM, Smither SJ, Sullivan NJ, Swanepoel R, Takada A, Towner JS, van der Groen G, Volchkov VE, Volchkova VA, Wahl-Jensen V, Warren TK, Warfield KL, Weidmann M, Nichol ST
    • Journal Title

      Arch Virol

      Volume: 159(5) Pages: 1229-1237

    • DOI

      10.1007/s00705-013-1877-2

    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Discussions and decisions of the 2012-2014 International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Filoviridae Study Group, January 2012-June 20132014

    • Author(s)
      Bukreyev AA, Chandran K, Dolnik O, Dye JM, Ebihara H, Leroy EM, Mühlberger E, Netesov SV, Patterson JL, Paweska JT, Saphire EO, Smither SJ, Takada A, Towner JS, Volchkov VE, Warren TK, Kuhn JH
    • Journal Title

      Arch Virol

      Volume: 159(4) Pages: 821-830

    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Comparison of Antiviral Activity between IgA and IgG Specific to Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin: Increased Potential of IgA for Heterosubtypic Immunity2013

    • Author(s)
      Muramatsu M, Yoshida R, Yokoyama A, Miyamoto H, Kajihara M, Maruyama J, Nao N, Manzoor R, Takada A
    • Journal Title

      PLoS ONE

      Volume: 9 Issue: 1 Pages: e85582-e85582

    • DOI

      10.1371/journal.pone.0085582

    • NAID

      120005425353

    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Characterization of the envelope glycoprotein of a novel filovirus, Lloviu virus2013

    • Author(s)
      Maruyama J, Miyamoto H, Kajihara M, Ogawa H, Maeda K, Sakoda Y, Yoshida R, Takada A
    • Journal Title

      J. Virol.

      Volume: 88 Issue: 1 Pages: 99-109

    • DOI

      10.1128/jvi.02265-13

    • NAID

      120005451570

    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report 2013 Final Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Differential potential for envelope gycoprotein-mediated steric shielding of host cell surface proteins among filoviruses2013

    • Author(s)
      Noyori Osamu
    • Journal Title

      Virology

      Volume: 446 Issue: 1-2 Pages: 152-161

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.virol.2013.07.029

    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report 2013 Final Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Suppression of Fas-mediated apoptosis via steric shielding by filovirus glycoproteins2013

    • Author(s)
      Noyori Osamu
    • Journal Title

      Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.

      Volume: 441 Issue: 4 Pages: 994-998

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.11.018

    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report 2013 Final Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Heterosubtypic antiviral activity of hemagglutinin-specific antibodies induced by intranasal immunization with inactivated influenza viruses in mice.2013

    • Author(s)
      Muramatsu M. et al.
    • Journal Title

      PLoS One

      Volume: 8 Issue: 8 Pages: e71534-e71534

    • DOI

      10.1371/journal.pone.0071534

    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] A novel Ebola virus expressing luciferase allows for rapid and quantitative testing of antivirals2013

    • Author(s)
      Hoenen T, Groseth A, Callison J, Takada A, Feldmann H
    • Journal Title

      Antiviral Res

      Volume: 99(3) Issue: 3 Pages: 207-213

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.05.017

    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report 2013 Final Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Mapping of conserved and species-specific antibody epitopes on the Ebola virus nucleoprotein.2013

    • Author(s)
      Changula Katendi
    • Journal Title

      Virus Res.

      Volume: 176 Issue: 1-2 Pages: 83-90

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.virusres.2013.05.004

    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report 2013 Final Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Do therapeutic antibodies hold the key to an effective treatment for Ebola hemorrhagic fever2013

    • Author(s)
      Takada A
    • Journal Title

      Immunotherapy

      Volume: 5(5) Issue: 5 Pages: 441-443

    • DOI

      10.2217/imt.13.29

    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Virus nomenclature below the species level : a standardized nomenclature for laboratory animal-adapted strains and variants of viruses assigned to the family Filoviridae2013

    • Author(s)
      Kuhn JH, Bao Y, Bavari S, Becker S, Bradfute S, Brister JR, Bukreyev AA, Caì Y, Chandran K, Davey RA, Dolnik O, Dye JM, Enterlein S, Gonzalez JP, Formenty P, Freiberg AN, Hensley LE, Honko AN, Ignatyev GM, Jahrling PB, Johnson KM, Klenk HD, Kobinger G, Lackemeyer MG, Leroy EM, Lever MS, Lofts LL, Mühlberger E, Netesov SV, Olinger GG, Palacios G, Patterson JL, Paweska JT, Pitt L, Radoshitzky SR, Ryabchikova EI, Saphire EO, Shestopalov AM, Smither SJ, Sullivan NJ, Swanepoel R, Takada A, Towner JS, van der Groen G, Volchkov VE, Wahl-Jensen V, Warren TK, Warfield KL, Weidmann M, Nichol ST
    • Journal Title

      Arch Virol

      Volume: 158(6) Issue: 6 Pages: 1425-1432

    • DOI

      10.1007/s00705-012-1594-2

    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Novel mutations in Marburg virus glycoprotein associated with viral evasion from antibody mediated immune pressure.2013

    • Author(s)
      Kajihara, M., et al.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of general virology

      Volume: 94 Issue: 4 Pages: 876-883

    • DOI

      10.1099/vir.0.049114-0

    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report 2013 Final Research Report 2012 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Immune parameters correlate with protection against ebola virus infection in rodents and nonhuman primates2012

    • Author(s)
      Wong G, Richardson JS, Pillet S, Patel A, Qiu X, Alimonti J, Hogan J, Zhang Y, Takada A, Feldmann H, Kobinger GP
    • Journal Title

      Sci Transl Med

      Volume: 4(158) Issue: 158

    • DOI

      10.1126/scitranslmed.3004582

    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report 2012 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Inhibitory effects of an M2-specific monoclonal antibody on different strains of influenza A virus2012

    • Author(s)
      Muto NA, Yoshida R, Suzuki T, Kobayashi S, Ozaki H, Fujikura D, Manzoor R, Muramatsu M, Takada A, Kimura T, Sawa H
    • Journal Title

      Jpn J Vet Res

      Volume: 60(2-3 Pages: 71-83

    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report 2012 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Inhibition of Marburg virus budding by nonneutralizing antibodies to the envelope glycoprotein.2012

    • Author(s)
      Kajihara M, Marzi A, Nakayama E, Noda T, Kuroda M, Manzoor R, Matsuno K, Feldmann H, Yoshida R, Kawaoka Y, Takada A.
    • Journal Title

      J Virol.

      Volume: 86 Issue: 24 Pages: 13467-13474

    • DOI

      10.1128/jvi.01896-12

    • NAID

      120005228739

    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report 2012 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Heterosubtypic antibody recognition of the influenza virus hemagglutinin receptor binding site enhanced bv avidity.2012

    • Author(s)
      Lee PS, Yoshida R, Ekiert DC, Sakai N, Suzuki Y, Takada A, Wilson IA.
    • Journal Title

      Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

      Volume: 109 Issue: 42 Pages: 13467-13474

    • DOI

      10.1073/pnas.1212371109

    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] Role of antibodies in protective immunity against filovirus infection2014

    • Author(s)
      Takada A
    • Organizer
      6th International Symposium on Filoviruses
    • Place of Presentation
      Galveston
    • Year and Date
      2014-04-02
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] フィロウイルス感染症2013

    • Author(s)
      高田礼人
    • Organizer
      第61回日本ウイルス学会学術集会
    • Place of Presentation
      神戸
    • Year and Date
      2013-11-12
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] フィロウイルス糖蛋白質によるアポトーシスシグナル阻害作用2013

    • Author(s)
      野依修、中山絵里、丸山隼輝、吉田玲子、高田礼人
    • Organizer
      第61回日本ウイルス学会学術集会
    • Place of Presentation
      神戸
    • Year and Date
      2013-11-10
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] TIM-1の多型が及ぼすフィロウイルスの細胞感受性に対する影響2013

    • Author(s)
      黒田誠、藤倉大輔、野依修、中山絵里、梶原将大、丸山隼輝、宮本洋子、吉田玲子、高田礼人
    • Organizer
      第61回日本ウイルス学会学術集会
    • Place of Presentation
      神戸
    • Year and Date
      2013-11-10
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Lloviu virusの表面糖タンパク質GPの性状解析2013

    • Author(s)
      丸山隼輝、前田健、小川寛人、迫田義博、高田礼人
    • Organizer
      第61回日本ウイルス学会学術集会
    • Place of Presentation
      神戸
    • Year and Date
      2013-11-10
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] エボラウイルス核タンパク質のエピトープ解析2013

    • Author(s)
      吉田玲子、Katendi Changula、野依修、Andrea Marzi、宮本洋子、石島麻理、Heinz Feldmann、Aaron S. Mweene、高田礼人
    • Organizer
      第61回日本ウイルス学会学術集会
    • Place of Presentation
      神戸
    • Year and Date
      2013-11-10
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Recent advances in filovirus research : Epidemiology and antiviral strategies2013

    • Author(s)
      Takada A
    • Organizer
      The 12th Awaji International Forum on Infection and Immunity
    • Place of Presentation
      Awaji
    • Year and Date
      2013-09-13
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Recent Topics of Filovirus Research2013

    • Author(s)
      Takada A
    • Organizer
      International Conference in Medicine and Public Health 2013 (ICMPH2013)"Healthy Society beyond Frontiers"
    • Place of Presentation
      Bangkok
    • Year and Date
      2013-06-25
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Antibody-mediated inhibition of Marburg virus budding2013

    • Author(s)
      Kajihara M, Marzi A, Nakayama E, Noda T, Igarashi M, Kuroda M, Manzoor R, Matsuno K, Feldmann H, Yoshida R, Kawaoka Y, Takada A
    • Organizer
      Fifteenth International Conference on Negative Strand Viruses
    • Place of Presentation
      Granada
    • Year and Date
      2013-06-20
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Protective Efficacy of Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever2013

    • Author(s)
      Yoshida R, Marzi A, Suzuki Y, Igarashi M, Feldmann F, Brining D, Feldmann H, Takada A
    • Organizer
      Fifteenth International Conference on Negative Strand Viruses
    • Place of Presentation
      Granada
    • Year and Date
      2013-06-20
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Heterosubtypic antiviral activity of influenza virus hemagglutinin-specific antibodies2013

    • Author(s)
      Muramatsu M, Yoshida R, Takada A
    • Organizer
      Fifteenth International Conference on Negative Strand Viruses
    • Place of Presentation
      Granada
    • Year and Date
      2013-06-20
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Antibody-mediated inhibition of Marburg virus budding2013

    • Author(s)
      Kajihara M, Marzi A, Nakayama E, Noda T, Igarashi M, Kuroda M, Manzoor R, Matsuno K, Feldmann H, Yoshida R, Kawaoka Y, Takada A
    • Organizer
      15th International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) in the Pacific Rim
    • Place of Presentation
      Singapore
    • Year and Date
      2013-03-13
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Antibody-mediated inhibition of Marburg virus budding2013

    • Author(s)
      Masahiro Kajihara, Andrea Marzi, Eri Nakayama, Takeshi Noda, Manabu Igarashi, Makoto Kuroda, Rashid Manzoor, Keita Matsuno, Heinz Feldmann, Reiko Yoshida, Yoshihiro Kawaoka, and Ayato Takada
    • Organizer
      15 th International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) in the Pacific Rim
    • Place of Presentation
      Mandari Oriental Hotel, Singapore
    • Related Report
      2012 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] エボラおよびマールブルグウイルス2012

    • Author(s)
      高田礼人
    • Organizer
      第60回日本ウイルス学会学術集会
    • Place of Presentation
      大阪
    • Year and Date
      2012-11-13
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] フィロウイルス糖蛋白質による宿主細胞表面分子の立体的遮蔽現象の解析2012

    • Author(s)
      野依修、松野啓太、梶原将大、中山絵里、五十嵐学、磯田典和、吉田玲子、高田礼人
    • Organizer
      第60回日本ウイルス学会学術集会
    • Place of Presentation
      大阪
    • Year and Date
      2012-11-13
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] アカゲザルモデルを用いたエボラ出血熱に対する中和モノクローナル抗体の防御効果2012

    • Author(s)
      吉田玲子、Marzi Andrea、宮本洋子、石島麻里、鈴木定彦、五十嵐学、中山絵里、黒田誠、Feldmann Heinz、高田礼人
    • Organizer
      第60回日本ウイルス学会学術集会
    • Place of Presentation
      大阪
    • Year and Date
      2012-11-13
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] 抗体によるマールブルグウイルスの出芽阻害2012

    • Author(s)
      梶原将大、Marzi Andrea、中山絵里、野田岳志、黒田誠、Manzoor Rashid、Feldmann Heinz、吉田玲子、河岡義裕、高田礼人
    • Organizer
      第60回日本ウイルス学会学術集会
    • Place of Presentation
      大阪
    • Year and Date
      2012-11-13
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] 抗体によるマールブルグウイルスの出芽阻害2012

    • Author(s)
      梶原将大、Marzi Andrea、中山絵里、野田岳志、黒田誠、Rashid Manzoor,松野啓太、Heinz Feldmann、吉田玲子、河岡義裕、高田礼人
    • Organizer
      第154回日本獣医学会学術集会
    • Place of Presentation
      岩手
    • Year and Date
      2012-09-14
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Serological evidence of filovirus infection in Indonesian orangutans2012

    • Author(s)
      Takada A
    • Organizer
      46th Joint Working Conference on Viral Diseases US-Japan Cooperative, Medical Science Program
    • Place of Presentation
      Beppu
    • Year and Date
      2012-06-19
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Recent Topics of Filovirus Research

    • Author(s)
      Ayato Takada
    • Organizer
      International Conference in Medicine and Public Health 2013 (ICMPH2013) “Healthy Society beyond Frontiers”
    • Place of Presentation
      Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University (Thailand)
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] The 12th Awaji International Forum on Infection and Immunity

    • Author(s)
      Ayato Takada
    • Organizer
      淡路夢舞台国際会議場
    • Place of Presentation
      淡路夢舞台国際会議場(淡路市)
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] フィロウイルス感染症

    • Author(s)
      高田礼人
    • Organizer
      第61回日本ウイルス学会学術集会 シンポジウム4 新興再興ウイルス
    • Place of Presentation
      神戸国際会議場(神戸市)
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Antibody-mediated inhibition of Marburg virus budding

    • Author(s)
      Masahiro Kajihara, Andrea Marzi, Eri Nakayama, Takeshi Noda, Manabu Igarashi, Makoto Kuroda, Rashid Manzoor, Keita Matsuno, Heinz Feldmann, Reiko Yoshida, Yoshihiro Kawaoka, Ayato Takada
    • Organizer
      Fifteenth International Conference on Negative Strand Viruses
    • Place of Presentation
      Palacio de Exposicionesy Congresos, Granada (Spain)
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Protective Efficacy of Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever

    • Author(s)
      Reiko Yoshida, Andrea Marzi, Yasuhiko Suzuki1, Manabu Igarashi, Friederike Feldmann, Douglas Brining, Heinz Feldmann, Ayato Takada
    • Organizer
      Fifteenth International Conference on Negative Strand Viruses
    • Place of Presentation
      Palacio de Exposicionesy Congresos, Granada (Spain)
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] フィロウイルス糖蛋白質によるアポトーシスシグナル阻害作用

    • Author(s)
      野依修、中山絵里、丸山隼輝、吉田玲子、高田礼人
    • Organizer
      第61回日本ウイルス学会学術集会
    • Place of Presentation
      神戸国際会議場(神戸市)
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] TIM-1の多型が及ぼすフィロウイルスの細胞感受性に対する影響

    • Author(s)
      黒田誠、藤倉大輔、野依修、中山絵里、梶原将大、丸山隼輝、宮本洋子、吉田玲子、高田礼人
    • Organizer
      第61回日本ウイルス学会学術集会
    • Place of Presentation
      神戸国際会議場(神戸市)
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Lloviu virusの表面糖タンパク質GPの性状解析

    • Author(s)
      丸山隼輝、前田健、小川寛人、迫田義博、高田礼人
    • Organizer
      第61回日本ウイルス学会学術集会
    • Place of Presentation
      神戸国際会議場(神戸市)
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] エボラウイルス核タンパク質のエピトープ

    • Author(s)
      吉田玲子、Katendi Changula、野依修、Andrea Marzi、宮本洋子、石島麻理、Heinz Feldmann、Aaron S. Mweene、高田礼人
    • Organizer
      第61回日本ウイルス学会学術集会
    • Place of Presentation
      神戸国際会議場(神戸市)
    • Related Report
      2013 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 抗体によるマールブルグウイルスの出芽阻害

    • Author(s)
      梶原将大、Andrea Marzi、中山絵里、野田岳志、黒田誠、Rashid Manzoor, 松野啓太、Heinz Feldmann、吉田玲子、河岡義裕、
    • Organizer
      第154回日本獣医学会学術集会
    • Place of Presentation
      岩手大学、盛岡
    • Related Report
      2012 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 抗体によるマールブルグウイルスの出芽阻害

    • Author(s)
      梶原将大、Marzi Andrea、中山絵里、野田岳志、黒田誠、Manzoor Rashid、Feldmann Heinz、吉田玲子、河岡義裕、高田礼人
    • Organizer
      第60回日本ウイルス学会学術集会
    • Place of Presentation
      大阪国際会議場、大阪
    • Related Report
      2012 Research-status Report
  • [Book] エボラ出血熱ワクチン・炭疽ワクチン、最新医学69(4)2014

    • Author(s)
      大西なおみ、東秀明、高田礼人
    • Publisher
      最新医学社
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Book] フィロウイルスの生態、実験医学31(19)2013

    • Author(s)
      梶原将大、小川寛人、高田礼人
    • Publisher
      羊土社
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Book] 特集Negative Strand RNA virusのウイルス学フィロウイルス、ウイルス62(2)2012

    • Author(s)
      高田礼人
    • Publisher
      日本ウイルス学会
    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report
  • [Remarks] ホームページでの研究成果公開

    • URL

      http://www.czc.hokudai.ac.jp/epidemiol/

    • Related Report
      2013 Final Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2013-05-31   Modified: 2019-07-29  

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