| Budget Amount *help |
¥40,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥31,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥9,360,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥11,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,700,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥13,260,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,060,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥15,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,600,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
It is suggested that our life-form has a mechanism to memorize virus infections as endogenous element in the genomes and uses them as novel genes on evolution. This study was carried out to understand the functions, especially antiviral activity, of endogenous bornavirus-like elements (EBLs) in mammalian genomes, which we found in a previous report. In this study, we demonstrated the expression regulation of EBLs in human genomes, as well as function of a human EBL to regulate neighboring gene expression. Furthermore, we showed that EBLs from mouse and Thirteen-liked ground squirrel genomes express piwi-interacting RNA and protein, respectively, and could act as antiviral factors against bornavirus infection in cultured cells. Moreover, we revealed the possibility that EBLs endogenized in the genome of the Eptesicus genus bat genome encode a functional RNA dependent RNA polymerase derived from ancient bornavirus infection.
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