| Project/Area Number |
62410003
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
Psychology
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| Research Institution | Kyoto University |
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Principal Investigator |
HIRANO Toshitsugu Kyoto University, Department of Psychology, Professor., 文学部, 教授 (50046869)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
SHIOTSUBO Ikuko Kyoto University, Psychology, Instructor, 文学部, 助手 (30196357)
YAMAGUCHI Masahiro Kyoto University, Psychology, Instructor, 文学部, 助手 (30191240)
OSAKA Naoyuki Kyoto University, Psychology, Associate Prof., 文学部, 助教授 (20113136)
MUROFUSHI Kiyoko Ritsumeikan University, Psychology, Prof., 文学部, 教授 (80027482)
SHIMIZU Miyoaki Kyoto University, Psychology, Professor, 文学部, 教授 (20031669)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1987 – 1989
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1989)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥20,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥20,300,000)
Fiscal Year 1989: ¥300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 1988: ¥10,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1987: ¥10,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,000,000)
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| Keywords | Visual Information Processing / Spatial Frequency / Effective Visual Field / Concept Acquisition / Category Formation / Chimpanzee / Searching Behavior / Superior Colliculus / カテゴリ- / 非見本合せ / 階属的構造記述 / 並列分散処理 / 言語文脈 / カテゴリー形成 / 空間探索行動 / 定位行動 / 並列処理 / 周辺視 / カテゴリーの形成 / 概念の獲得 / リーチング・パターン / 遅延非見本合せ / チンパンジー |
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| Research Abstract |
The present project was organized into three main sections corresponding to substantive issues in the adaptive processes, considering comparative, developmentals and physiological aspects. We may summarize these studies as follows:
In the first part of the study, the plasticity mechanism of the visual information processing was considered. (1) A pattern recognition model based on the computational theory was proposed, which could generate the original pattern when the 2-dimensional intensity differences were given (Inui). (2) Analyzing the eye movement while reading Japanese Kana and Kanji texts, their relations to the effective visual fields were explored (Osaka).
In the second part, the study focused on the acquisition of concept or category in human adults and a chimpanzee . (1) Examining the effects of the context dependency, a concept not existing in the native language was difficult to be attained by reading the text alone, unless the verbal definitions were given (Shimizu). (2) A
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chimpanzee previously trained to code objects, could apply those to several other objects differing in appearance: with difficulty, however, for colors, objects, and numbers in order (Murofushi).
The third part of the research investigated the orientation behavior in infants and animals: spatial and temporal aspects with special reference to physiological mechanisms. (1) In a developmental studies common characteristics were recognized in the response patterns in 10-month infants' selection of targets, regardless of hand-reaching or creeping (Shiotsubo). (2) Circling behavior typically observed after the colliculus lesions in the rat was shown to be conspicuous, when the ballistic orientation to the goal was required by introducing a gap on the pathway (yamagachi) (3) using successive nonmatching-to-samples, the hippo- campal lesions in the rat retarded performance in trials with smaller stimulus differences and longer interstimulus intervals (Hirano).
Considering the results all over, the project has thus prompted a mutual understanding of the contextual effects at different stages of individual cognitive behavior. Less
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