アメリカ大陸を中心としたがん研究先進グループとの研究交流

• 研究課題/領域番号: 09042002
• 研究種目: 特定領域研究(A)
• 配分区分: 補助金
• 応募区分: がん調査
• 研究分野: 実験病理学
• 研究機関: 東京大学
• 研究代表者: 山本 雅 東京大学, 医科学研究所, 教授 (40134621)
• 研究分担者: 岡田 明子 東京大学, 医科学研究所, 助手 (00233320) ; 大場 基 昭和大学, 薬学部, 助手 (70297018) ; 荒木 令江 熊本大学, 医学部, 助手 (80253722) ; 黒田 昌宏 岡山大学, 医学部, 講師 (50225306) ; 清野 透 愛知県がんセンター研究所, ウイルス部, 室長(研究職) (10186356) ; 本間 美和子 福島県立医科大学, 医学部, 助手 (40192538) ; 細川 好孝 愛知県がんセンター, 化学療法部, 室長 (60229193) ; 白澤 専二 九州大学, 生体防御医学研究所, 助手 (10253535) ; 菊池 章 広島大学, 医学部, 教授 (10204827) ; 生田 和良 北海道大学, 免疫科学研究所, 教授 (60127181) ; 浜口 道成 名古屋大学, 医学部, 教授 (90135351) ; 後藤 典子 東京大学, 医科学研究所, 助手 (10251448) ; 神田 浩明 (財)癌研究会癌研究所, 病理部, 研究員 (90260067) ; 上出 利光 北海道大学, 免疫科学研究所, 教授 (00160185) ; 秋山 伸一 鹿児島大学, 医学部, 教授 (60117413)
• 研究期間 (年度): 1997 – 1999
• 研究課題ステータス: 完了 (1999年度)
• 配分額: 27,700千円 (直接経費: 27,700千円); 1999年度: 8,900千円 (直接経費: 8,900千円); 1998年度: 8,900千円 (直接経費: 8,900千円); 1997年度: 9,900千円 (直接経費: 9,900千円)
• キーワード: 国際学術 / 海外派遣 / ウイルス発癌 / シグナル伝達 / 構造生物学 / ゲノム医学 / 癌治療 / 化学発癌 / 細胞接着 / 細胞周期

研究概要

1980年以降活発となった発がん遺伝子やがん抑制遺伝子を中心とする遺伝子レベルでのがん研究は、発がんの分子機構を確立する上で多大の貢献をなした。この遺伝子レベルの研究は、近年ゲノム科学によって更に強力に押し進められ、新たながん関連遺伝子の発見のみならず、癌の病態を遺伝子発現で表現することが可能となろうとしている。一方で、このようながん関連遺伝子産物の機能解析も大きく前進し、細胞内の複雑なシグナル伝達経路や細胞周期制御機構の解明に貢献している。これらを通して発がんの全過程が解きあかされようとしてきている。このような遺伝子、細胞レベルの知見は、発生工学を利用した個体レベルでの検証に裏付けられるべく、がんモデル動物に関する研究が飛躍的に進展している。分子から個体に至るレベルでのがん研究の成果は、当然のことながら新しい癌の診断、治療の確立の為に応用されようとしている。則ち発がん遺伝子やがん抑制遺伝子を用いた遺伝子診断や、遺伝子治療が世界で試みられている。又、シグナル伝達分子、細胞周期制御因子、細胞死制御分子の機能や構造に基づいた治療薬の開発が薬剤スクリーニングと薬剤デザインの両面から進められている。後者には構造生物学の参画が必要となっている。
本研究では、生命科学の広範な領域に浸透している癌の基礎研究、ゲノム医学、そして癌治療に関わる我が国の研究者を、アメリカ/カナダの先進的がん研究の場に派遣し、研究交流と情報交換を推進する。がん研究の先進国から地理的に孤立している我が国の研究者が、国際的視野を堅持して研究を推進する為に特に若手の第一線の研究者を中心に派遣を計画した。又「がん特定研究」総括班の助言のもと、基礎から臨床まで幅広い領域から被派遣者を選定した。特に本年度は、癌細胞の増殖や死・転移に関する癌の分子生物学的研究、遺伝子治療に関する研究、ゲノム医学における癌研究を中心に、いかに示す22名の研究者をアメリカ合衆国に派遣し、癌研究に関する交流を行った。

研究成果

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• [文献書誌] Hiroyuki Yamamoto: "Association of reduced cell adhesion regulator messenger RNA expression with tumor progression in human hepatocellular carcinoma" Int.J.Cencer(pred.Oncol.). 74. 251-254 (1997)
• [文献書誌] Mitsuru Hayakawa: "B7-1-transfected tumor vaccine countaracts chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression and prolongs the survival of rats bearing highly metastatic osteosarcoma cells" Int.J.Cnacer. 71. 1091-1102 (1997)
• [文献書誌] Ken-ichi Takeyama: "25-hydroxyvitamin D_3 1α-hydroxylase and vitamin D synthesis" Science. 277. 1827-1830 (1997)
• [文献書誌] Satomi Kuramochi: "LOK is a novel mouse STE20-like protein kinase that is expressed predominantly in lymphocytes" J.Biol.Chem.272. 22679-22684 (1997)
• [文献書誌] Masahiko Obata: "Loss of heterozygosity at Loci on chromosome 4,a common genetic event during the spontaneous immortalization of mouose embryonic fivroblasts" Molecular Carcinogenesis. 19. 17-24 (1997)
• [文献書誌] Noriko Gotoh: "Tyrosine phosphorylation sites at amino acids 239 and 240 of She are involved in epidermal growth factor-induced mitogenic signaling that is distinct from Ras/Mitogen-activated proteinkinase activation" Molecular Cellular Biology. 17. 1824-1831 (1997)
• [文献書誌] Keisuke Sasai: "Radiation therapy of rocular chorodial neovascularization(phase I/II study): preliminary report" Int.J.Radiation Oncology Biol.Phys.39. 173-178 (1997)
• [文献書誌] Kazuo Takahashi: "Direct interaction of teh Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor with Ezrrm/Radixin/Moesin initiates the activation of the Fho small G prtorein" J.Biol.Chem.37. 23371-23376 (1997)
• [文献書誌] Takashi Kojima: "Different changes in expression and function of connexin 26 and connexin 32 during DNA synthesis and redifferentiation in primary rat hepatocytes using a DMSO culture system" Hepatology. 26. 585-597 (1997)
• [文献書誌] Hideo Yanai: "Epstein-BARR virus infection in non-carcinomatous gasteric epithelium" Journal of Pathology. 183. 293-298 (1997)
• [文献書誌] Tatsuroh Joh: "Chimetic MLL products with a Ras binding cytoplasmic protein AF6 involved in t(6;11)(q27;q23)leukemia localize in the nucleus" Oncogene. 15. 1681-1687 (1997)
• [文献書誌] Yutaka Takahashi: "Vessel counts and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor as prognostic factors in node-negative colon cancer" Archives of Surgery. 132. 541-546 (1997)
• [文献書誌] Yoshitaka Tsubono: "Food consumption and gastric cnacer mortality in five regions of Japan" Nutrition and Cancer. 27. 60-64 (1997)
• [文献書誌] Tokutaro Yasue: "A critical role of Lyn and Fyn for B cell responses to CD38 ligation and interleukin 5" Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA. 94. 10307-10312 (1997)
• [文献書誌] Aye Aye Thant: "c-RAs is required for the activation of the matrix metalloproteinases by concanavalin A in 3Y1 cells" FEBS Letter. 406. 28-30 (1997)
• [文献書誌] Tetsuya Nakamoto: "Requirements for localization of p130^<cas> to focal adhesions" Molecular and Cellular Biology. 17. 3884-3897 (1997)
• [文献書誌] Mariko Kashiwagi: "Specific Inhibition on hair follicle formation by epidermal growth factor in an organ culture of developing mouse skin" Developmental Biology. 189. 22-32 (1997)
• [文献書誌] Susannah M.W-Murphy: "Regulation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae HOG1 mitogen-activated protein kinase by the PTP2 and PTP3 protein tyrosine phosphatases" Molecular and Cellular Biology. 17. 1289-1297 (1997)
• [文献書誌] Testuo Mashima: "Actin cleavage by CPP-32/apopain during the development of apoptosis" Oncogene. 14. 1007-1012 (1997)
• [文献書誌] Hisashi Umemori: "Activation of the G protein Gq/11 through tyrosine phosphorylation of the α subunit" Science. 276. 1878-1881 (1997)