S複合遺伝子座の構造と葯発現遺伝子のS特異性の解析

• 研究課題/領域番号: 11238202
• 研究種目: 特定領域研究
• 配分区分: 補助金
• 審査区分: 生物系
• 研究機関: 東北大学
• 研究代表者: 西尾 剛 東北大学, 大学院・農学研究科, 教授 (30301039)
• 研究分担者: 鳥山 欽哉 東北大学, 大学院・農学研究科, 助教授 (20183882)
• 研究期間 (年度): 1999 – 2003
• 研究課題ステータス: 完了 (2003年度)
• 配分額: 58,300千円 (直接経費: 58,300千円); 2003年度: 9,100千円 (直接経費: 9,100千円); 2002年度: 9,100千円 (直接経費: 9,100千円); 2001年度: 10,700千円 (直接経費: 10,700千円); 2000年度: 13,200千円 (直接経費: 13,200千円); 1999年度: 16,200千円 (直接経費: 16,200千円)
• キーワード: 自家不和合性 / アブラナ科野菜 / 生殖 / 自己・非自己認識 / 花粉 / 柱頭 / S遺伝子 / 進化 / Sハプロタイプ / 花粉側認識分子 / 塩基配列 / 多様性 / 種分化 / 認識特異性 / 不和合性強度 / ウブラナ科植物 / S複合遺伝子座 / 塩基配列変異

研究概要

R.sativusの10種類のSP11と9種類のSRKの塩基配列を決定した。R.sativusのS-21はB.rapaのS-9とSP11が極めて類似し、SRKも推定アミノ酸配列で91%の相同性を示した。これらSハプロタイプは属分化前は同一のSハプロタイプであることが示唆された。
SP11タンパク質において、B.oleraceaとB.rapa同一認識特異性をもつSハプロタイプ間で異なるアミノ酸が少ないRegion IIIとRegion Vは認識特異性に重要と考え、その領域を類似SP11間で組み換えた変異SP11遺伝子を導入した形質転換体を作成し、認識特異性の変化を検定中である。
Brassica napusの内、最も多くの品種が有するBnS-1とBnS-13についてSP11とSRKのゲノムクローンを単離し、全長の塩基配列を決定したところ、BnS-1はB.rapaのS-47と極めて類似しており、SRKは正常に機能していることを見出した。また、BnS-13もB.oleraceaのS-15に酷似し、このSRKも正常に機能していることを明らかにした。
種分化前は同一のSハプロタイプであったと推定されるB.rapaのS-47とB.oleraceaのS-12のS遺伝子座の塩基配列を決定し、B.oleraceaのS-12のS遺伝子座の方がB.rapaのS-47よりも大きいことを見出し、劣性グループのクラスIIハプロタイプであるB.oleraceaのS-15とB.rapaのS-60の比較においてもB.oleraceaの方がS遺伝子座が大きいことを明らかにした。B.oleraceaのS遺伝子座が大きい原因としてレトロトランスポゾンの挿入が大きく関わっていることが分かった。S遺伝子座に存在するレトロトランスポゾン様配列は、B.rapaよりもB.oleraceaのゲノム中により多いコピー数で検出された。

研究成果

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• [文献書誌] Sakamoto K.,Kusaba M.,Nishio T.: "Single seed PCR-RFLP analysis for identification of S haplotypes in commercial F,hybrid cultivars of broccoli and cabbage"Plant Cell Rep.. (in press). (2000)
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